Sound Effects and Sound Effects and MeaningMeaning

Reading Poetry – Part IReading Poetry – Part I

RhymeRhyme

Rhyme – the ____________ of the Rhyme – the ____________ of the _________ of a ____________ vowel and _________ of a ____________ vowel and any sounds that follow it within a word (any sounds that follow it within a word (nail nail and and whale, materialwhale, material and and cereal, icicle cereal, icicle and and bicyclebicycle))

We looked! Then we saw him We looked! Then we saw him

Step in on the mat! Step in on the mat!

We looked! And we saw him! We looked! And we saw him!

The Cat in the Hat! The Cat in the Hat!

Rhyme SchemeRhyme Scheme

________________________________________________________________________________(usual____________(usually end rhyme)ly end rhyme)

Letters of the Letters of the ________ are used ________ are used to represent new to represent new soundssounds

The GermThe Germ    A mighty creature is the germ, A mighty creature is the germ, AA Though smaller than the pachyderm. Though smaller than the pachyderm. AAHis customary dwelling place His customary dwelling place BBIs deep within the human race. Is deep within the human race. BBHis childish pride he often pleases His childish pride he often pleases CCBy giving people strange diseases. By giving people strange diseases. CCDo you, my poppet, feel infirm? Do you, my poppet, feel infirm? AAYou probably contain a germ. You probably contain a germ. AA

Ogden NashOgden Nash

fromfrom Annabel Lee Annabel Lee

It was many and many a year ago,It was many and many a year ago,          In a kingdom by the sea,         In a kingdom by the sea,

That a maiden there lived whom you may know That a maiden there lived whom you may know          By the name of Annabel Lee;         By the name of Annabel Lee;

And this maiden she lived with no other thought And this maiden she lived with no other thought

         Than to love and be loved by me.         Than to love and be loved by me.

-Edgar Allan Poe-Edgar Allan Poe

Approximate RhymeApproximate Rhyme

Also called Also called ___________, off rhymes, ___________, off rhymes, _____________, near rhymes, imperfect _____________, near rhymes, imperfect rhymesrhymes

Some sounds are repeated, but the Some sounds are repeated, but the words are ________________. words are ________________.

hollowhollow and and mellowmellow

moonmoon and and mornmorn

End RhymeEnd Rhyme

A word at the _______ of one line A word at the _______ of one line __________ with a word at the end of __________ with a word at the end of another lineanother line

Whose woods these are I think I Whose woods these are I think I knowknow..His house is in the village, His house is in the village, thoughthough;;He will not see me stopping hereHe will not see me stopping hereTo watch his woods fill up with To watch his woods fill up with snowsnow..

____________ Rhyme____________ Rhyme

A word ___________ a line rhymes with A word ___________ a line rhymes with another word on the same lineanother word on the same line

The Boa Constrictor SongThe Boa Constrictor Song

I'm being swallered by a Boa ConstrictorI'm being swallered by a Boa Constrictora Boa Constrictor, a Boa Constrictora Boa Constrictor, a Boa ConstrictorI'm being swallered by a Boa ConstrictorI'm being swallered by a Boa Constrictorand I don't - like snakes - one bit!and I don't - like snakes - one bit!Oh no, he swallered my toe.Oh no, he swallered my toe.Oh gee, he swallered my knee.Oh gee, he swallered my knee.Oh fiddle, he swallered my middle.Oh fiddle, he swallered my middle.Oh what a pest, he swallered my chest.Oh what a pest, he swallered my chest.Oh heck, he swallered my neck.Oh heck, he swallered my neck.Oh, dread, he swallered my - (BURP)Oh, dread, he swallered my - (BURP)

RepetitionRepetition

The ______________ ______of a word, The ______________ ______of a word, phrase, stanza form, or effect in any form phrase, stanza form, or effect in any form of literature. of literature.

Repetition may _________ _________, Repetition may _________ _________, suggest order, or add special meaning or suggest order, or add special meaning or ____________ to a piece of literature.____________ to a piece of literature.

Annabel Lee by Edgar Allan Annabel Lee by Edgar Allan PoePoeIt was many and many a year ago,It was many and many a year ago,

In a kingdom by the sea,In a kingdom by the sea,That a maiden there lived whom you That a maiden there lived whom you may knowmay knowBy the name of ANNABEL LEE;By the name of ANNABEL LEE;And this maiden she lived with no other And this maiden she lived with no other thoughtthoughtThan to love and be loved by me.Than to love and be loved by me.

I was a child and she was a child,I was a child and she was a child,In this kingdom by the sea;In this kingdom by the sea;But we loved with a love that was more But we loved with a love that was more than love-than love-I and my Annabel Lee;I and my Annabel Lee;With a love that the winged seraphs of With a love that the winged seraphs of heavenheavenCoveted her and me.Coveted her and me.

And this was the reason that, long ago,And this was the reason that, long ago,In this kingdom by the sea,In this kingdom by the sea,A wind blew out of a cloud, chillingA wind blew out of a cloud, chillingMy beautiful Annabel Lee;My beautiful Annabel Lee;So that her highborn kinsman cameSo that her highborn kinsman cameAnd bore her away from me,And bore her away from me,To shut her up in a sepulchreTo shut her up in a sepulchreIn this kingdom by the sea.In this kingdom by the sea.

The angels, not half so happy in heaven,The angels, not half so happy in heaven,Went envying her and me-Went envying her and me-Yes!- that was the reason (as all men know,Yes!- that was the reason (as all men know,In this kingdom by the sea)In this kingdom by the sea)That the wind came out of the cloud by That the wind came out of the cloud by night,night,Chilling and killing my Annabel Lee.Chilling and killing my Annabel Lee.

But our love it was stronger by far than the But our love it was stronger by far than the loveloveOf those who were older than we-Of those who were older than we-Of many far wiser than we-Of many far wiser than we-And neither the angels in heaven above,And neither the angels in heaven above,Nor the demons down under the sea,Nor the demons down under the sea,Can ever dissever my soul from the soulCan ever dissever my soul from the soulOf the beautiful Annabel Lee.Of the beautiful Annabel Lee.

For the moon never beams without For the moon never beams without bringing me dreamsbringing me dreamsOf the beautiful Annabel Lee;Of the beautiful Annabel Lee;And the stars never rise but I feel the And the stars never rise but I feel the bright eyesbright eyesOf the beautiful Annabel Lee;Of the beautiful Annabel Lee;And so, all the night-tide, I lie down by the And so, all the night-tide, I lie down by the sidesideOf my darling- my darling- my life and my Of my darling- my darling- my life and my bride,bride,In the sepulchre there by the sea,In the sepulchre there by the sea,In her tomb by the sounding sea. In her tomb by the sounding sea.

Kinds of StanzasKinds of Stanzas

____________________ == a two line stanzaa two line stanza

__________ __________ == a three line stanzaa three line stanza

__________ __________ == a four line stanzaa four line stanza

__________ __________ == a five line stanzaa five line stanza

__________ __________ == a six line stanzaa six line stanza

__________ __________ == a seven line stanzaa seven line stanza

__________ __________ == an eight line stanzaan eight line stanza

A Red, Red RoseA Red, Red Roseby Robert Burnsby Robert Burns

O, my luv is like a red, red rose,O, my luv is like a red, red rose,    That's newly sprung in June.    That's newly sprung in June.

O my luv is like the melodie,O my luv is like the melodie,    That's sweetly played in tune.     That's sweetly played in tune.

As fair art thou, my bonnie lass,As fair art thou, my bonnie lass,    So deep in luv am I,    So deep in luv am I,

And I will luv thee still, my dear,And I will luv thee still, my dear,    Till a' the seas gang dry.     Till a' the seas gang dry.

Till a' the seas gang dry, my dear,Till a' the seas gang dry, my dear,    And the rocks melt wi' the sun!    And the rocks melt wi' the sun!And I will luv thee still, my dear,And I will luv thee still, my dear,

    While the sand o' life shall run.     While the sand o' life shall run.

And fare thee well, my only luv,And fare thee well, my only luv,    And fare thee well awhile!    And fare thee well awhile!

And I will come again, my luv,And I will come again, my luv,    Though it were ten thousand mile!     Though it were ten thousand mile!

Other Sound Effects in Other Sound Effects in PoetryPoetry

__________________ – the __________________ – the use of words to mimic use of words to mimic soundssounds

__________________ – the __________________ – the repetition of the initial repetition of the initial consonant soundconsonant sound

__________________ – the __________________ – the repetition of consonant repetition of consonant sounds in neighboring words. sounds in neighboring words. (Not just at the beginning.)(Not just at the beginning.)

________________ – the ________________ – the repetition of vowel soundsrepetition of vowel sounds

Pop, bang, crash, buzz, oink, Pop, bang, crash, buzz, oink, moomoo

““The The silken sad silken sad uncertain rustling uncertain rustling of each purple curtain” (of each purple curtain” (The The Raven Raven by Edgar Allan Poe)by Edgar Allan Poe)

““The The ssilken ilken ssad unad unccertain ruertain russtling tling of each purple curtain” (of each purple curtain” (The The Raven Raven by Edgar Allan Poe)by Edgar Allan Poe)

““SlowSlow the the lowlow gradual gradual moanmoan came in the came in the snowingsnowing.”.”

- John MasefieldJohn Masefield

MetaphorsMetaphors

When you read poetry, When you read poetry, you will find some you will find some metaphors that are metaphors that are directdirect and some that are and some that are impliedimplied..

Direct metaphors Direct metaphors – – compare two things by compare two things by ___________ ___________ ___________ that one ___________ that one thing is another thing is another

““All the world’s a stage,All the world’s a stage,

And all the men and And all the men and women merely players.”women merely players.”

- William Shakespeare- William Shakespeare

Implied Metaphors Implied Metaphors – do – do not give the not give the ___________ directly. ___________ directly. They use words that They use words that __________________ of __________________ of the comparison.the comparison.

“’“’Hope’ is the thing with feathers – Hope’ is the thing with feathers – That perches in the soul – That perches in the soul – And sings the tune without the words –And sings the tune without the words –And never stops – at all –”And never stops – at all –”

-Emily Dickinson-Emily Dickinson

Extended MetaphorsExtended Metaphors

An ________________ An ________________ metaphor is a comparison metaphor is a comparison developed over developed over ___________________ of a ___________________ of a poem.poem.

The Road Not TakenThe Road Not TakenTwo roads diverged in a yellow wood,Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,And sorry I could not travel bothAnd sorry I could not travel bothAnd be one traveler, long I stoodAnd be one traveler, long I stoodAnd looked down one as far as I couldAnd looked down one as far as I couldTo where it bent in the undergrowth.To where it bent in the undergrowth.

Then took the other, as just as fair,Then took the other, as just as fair,And having perhaps the better claim,And having perhaps the better claim,Because it was grassy and wanted wear;Because it was grassy and wanted wear;Though as for that the passing thereThough as for that the passing thereHad worn them really about the same.Had worn them really about the same.

And both that morning equally layAnd both that morning equally layIn leaves no step had trodden black.In leaves no step had trodden black.Oh, I kept the first for another day!Oh, I kept the first for another day!Yet knowing how way leads on to way,Yet knowing how way leads on to way,I doubted if I should ever come back.I doubted if I should ever come back.

I shall be telling this with a sighI shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence:Somewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I--Two roads diverged in a wood, and I--I took the one less traveled by,I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the difference.And that has made all the difference.

--Robert Frost--Robert Frost

Read the Following Read the Following PoemsPoems

Robert Frost – Robert Frost –

1.1. “Stopping by Woods “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”on a Snowy Evening”

2.2. “Fire and Ice” “Fire and Ice”

Emily Dickinson – Emily Dickinson –

1.1. “’Hope’ is the Thing “’Hope’ is the Thing With Feathers”With Feathers”

Rhyme SchemeRhyme Scheme Type of stanzaType of stanza Repetition, Repetition,

Alliteration, Alliteration, Assonance, etc.Assonance, etc.

Figures of Speech – Figures of Speech – Similes, Metaphors, Similes, Metaphors, Personification, etc.Personification, etc.

MeaningMeaning