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polytrauma management
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Management of
polytrauma patients at
POF Hospital
Dr.Monsif IqbalPGT SU-II
Summary Case Presentation
• Miss XYZ,a young lady 0f 23
• RTA blunt trauma abdomen
• Patient received in A & E
• Patient then shifted to ITC
Case presentati
on
Primary Survey
• Pulse….122• BP……..80/55• GCS……15/15• Irritable• pallor• Cold & Clammy
•Grade 3 shock
Case Presentation
FAST performed
Frank blood in abdominal cavity
Shattered Spleen
FAST
Management
Resuscitation
Exploratory Laparotomy
• I/V cannulae • Blood grouping & cross match• Restoration of intra vascular volume• catheterization• antibiotic • Blood transfusion
Case PresentationResuscitation
Cont. Case Presentation
Patient rushed to OT collapsed on OT table
Successful CPR doneblood transfusion
Patient reverted back
management
EXPLORATORY LAPAROTOMY
Findings of exploratory laparotomy Case Presentation
• Splenic injury ….grade 5• Renal injury…….grade 4• Lt colon crushed• Abdominal cavity full of blood• Retroperitoneal hematoma
Findings of exploratory laparotomyDefinitive surgical treatment Case Presentation
• Splenetomy• Nephrectomy
Lt• Sigmoid
Colostomy
• Mechanicl vent for 2 days• Drain output gradually reduced• Pneumovac given• Patient went into DIC with deranged
PT & APTT• FFPs and platelets transfused• 7 blood transfusions done gradually • Stoma started working on 2nd POD
Post op recovery
management
• Patient gradually reovered• Urine output remained satistory• Wound….healthy• Stitches out on 11th POD• Patient discharged home on 13th
POD
Cont…..manageme
nt
Diagnosis
Management of polytrauma patients
Resuscitation &
definitive management
• Primary survey• Resuscitation• Secondary
survey• Definitive
management
Componenets ATLS
•A..airway & cervical spine care
•B…Breathing & ventilation
•C…circulation & hemorrhage control
•D…Deformity & disability
•E…exposure & environmental cond
Primary survey ATLS
• ECG• Urinary & Gastric catheters• ABGs• Pulse oximetry• X-rays & Diagnostic studies
Adjuncts to primary survey ATLS
•History Blunt ? Penetrating ? Burn or cold
injuries
•Examination Head & neck Chest Abdomen Extremities spine
Secondary survey ATLS
• Detailed X-rays• CT scan• Angiography• USG• Transportation
Adjuncts to secondary survey
ATLS
Abdominal trauma
Blunt Abdominal trauma
Penetrating Abdominal trauma
Laparotomy
• FAST examines four areas for free fluid:– Morrison’s
Pouch– Perisplenic – Pelvis – +/-Pericardium
Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma FAST
Morrison’s pouch
• As a decision making tool for identifying the need for laparotomy in hypotensive patients (Systolic BP < 90), FAST has:
• a sensitivity of 92%, • specificity of 96% • Accuracy 93%
• How good is FAST?
How good is FAST? FAST
DPL
• Spleen• Kidney• Liver• Intestine• Diaphragm• Pancreas
Specific injuriesPolytrau
ma
Spleen
Liver
• Push• Plug• Pack• pringle
Liver injuriesmanagem
ent
Kidney
Grades of renal injury
Pancreas
Intestine
Damage control surgery
Colon
Diaphragmatic injury
Statistics of trauma in POF HOspital from
jan 2010- jan2011
• Head injury….212• Blunt abdominal injury….67• Penetrating abdominal injury….17• Thoracic injury……27• Orthopedic inj…..89• Polytrauma …..56• Mortality…..24
statistics polytrauma
ortho
Managementof Abdominal trauma
Blunt abdominal trauma
Conservative
management
Operative manageme
nt
34 33
• Total…..57• Positive……30• Inconclusive…..11• Negative……16
FAST done….polytraum
a
Head injury
Mortality
Take home message
‘Multidisciplinary approach required for management of polytrauma patient involving general surgeon,urlogist,orthpedic surgeon,anesthetist,radiologist etc’