MATTER

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MATTER It cannot be created or destroyed; it just

changes. This changes can be:

Physical: the appearance changes but not its chemical properties.

Chemical: change a substance into a new one with different properties.

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1.PHYSICAL CHANGES

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2.CHEMICAL REACTIONS

FERMENTATION

COMBUSTION

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2.CHEMICAL REACTIONS

OXIDATION

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PROPERTIES OF MATERIALSConductor Absorbent

Waterproof Flexible Fragile Magnetic Strong Insulator

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1.PHYSICAL CHANGES can be…1.1-Change in state: solid-liquid-gas.

1.2-Change in shape.1.3-Change in position or texture.

These changes can be reversible or irreversible.

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MASS, VOLUME AND DENSITY Mass is the amount of matter in an object.

It is measured in grams(g) and kilograms(kg).

Volume is the space an object occupies. It is measured in millilitres (ml) litres (l).

Density is calculated by dividing the mass of an object by its volume.

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2.CHEMICAL CHANGES2.1-Combustion is a chemical reaction that

produces energy in the form of heat and light.

2.2-Oxidation is a chemical process by which atoms in iron react with the oxygen in the air (rust). Some food also react to this process.

2.3-Fermentation is a natural process in which fungi produce alcohol and bacteria lactic acid. It is also used to preserve food.

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Types of mixtures: Heterogeneous mixture: we can see

different substances and we can separate them easily. Eg: rice and peas.

Homogeneous mixture: we can’t see the individual substances, but we can still separate them. Eg: salt into water.

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Processes to separate matter: Magnetic: if one of the substances is

attracted by magnets. Decantation: when heavy sediments in

liquids sink to the bottom of a container or two liquids with different density.

Filtration: we use a filter to separate particles from liquids.

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Processes to separate matter: Evaporation: solids dissolved in a liquid

can be separate using heat. The liquid turns into vapour and the sediments remain into the container.

Distillation: when two liquids evaporate at a different boiling point, for example ethanol (70º) and water (100º). The first one evaporates first, the vapour is collected and cooled.

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Websites to visit:

http://vital.cs.ohiou.edu/steamwebsite/downloads/ChangeLab.swf

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PjZSMu2SXt4

http://www2.mcdaniel.edu/Graduate/TI/pages/LEWIS/matterweb.htm