PREVIEW OF

CONFINED SPACERESCUE AWARENESS

POWERPOINT TRAINING PRESENTATION

TYPICAL REASONS TO ENTER A CONFINED SPACE

Cleaning to remover sludge or other waste materialsInspection of physical integrity & process equipmentMaintenance, removal or application of surface

coatingsTesting of contents & pipingRepairs including welding

TYPICAL REASONS TO ENTER A CONFINED SPACE

Adjusting or aligning internal devices or componentsChecking & reading internal instrumentsInstalling or repair of electrical, communication,

or other cablesRescue of workers injured or over come

DEFINITIONPermit Required Confined Space

Has at least one of the following characteristicsContains or has the potential to contain a hazardous atmosphereContains a material that has the potential to engulf an entrantHas an internal configuration such that an entrant could be trapped or asphyxiatedContains any other recognized serious safety and health hazard

Per Bureau of Labor Statics there are about 92 Confined Spaces

deaths per year60% of all deaths in confined space

rescues are rescuersINCLUDING FIREFIGHTERS

CausesLack of training Improper equipmentNo communications No procedures

SAFETY NOTE

Rescuers should consider all confined spaces as having oxygen-deficiency, flammable, and toxic atmospheres until determined otherwise

CAUSES OF DEATH

65% atmospheric13% engulfment7% struck by falling object6% heat stress or exposure4% others

AWARENESS LEVEL FUNCTIONS

Performs a non-entry retrievalImplements the emergency response system for

confined space emergenciesImplements site control & scene management

REGULATORY/STANDARDS

OSHA 1910.146NFPA 1670ANSINIOSH

STORAGE TANKS

DANGERS IN CONFINED SPACES

Oxygen deficientBy-products of previously stored material

ResidueAbsorbed into tank walls

Accidental leaks or spillsVapor releaseSlip, trip, or fall hazard

ATMOSPHERIC HAZARDS

Atmospheric oxygen below 19.5% (oxygen deficiency)or above 23.5% (oxygen enriched)Flammable gas, vapor, or mist in excess of 10%

of LELAtmospheric concentration of any toxic contaminant above the OSHA PEL

COMMON GASES

Carbon Monoxide Hydrogen sulfideSulfur dioxide AmmoniaMethane Carbon dioxideOxygenAtmospheric hazards reduced below “flammable levels” may still be toxic

MECHANICAL

“Of or relating to machinery or tools”Equipment

Grinding Agitators Mulching DriveshaftsGears Mixers RamsPresses

May have unguarded componentsPowered by Gas/Diesel Pneumatic Hydraulic Electric Steam Heat (fire) Gravity

CAUSES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL HAZARDS

Biological- being physically fit reduces sodium lactate(an anxiety attack chemical)Psychological

Subconscious forcesPersonality disorders, abnormal behaviors

Control TechniquesRecognitionTrainingPsychological control techniques

OSHA REQUIRES

Testing of stratified atmospheres 4‘ in each direction of travel, & each sideSampling probe should be slow to accommodate detector responsesHand held monitors can be attached to rescuers

harness

ENTRY PERMITS

Permit must be approved prior to entryUpon completion of entry it must be signed &

cancelled by entry supervisorMust be retained on file for at least one year

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Head Eye & faceFoot Hearing Elbow & knee HandBodyRespiratory protectionThe situation, hazards, &

atmospheric conditions dictate the PPE used

HEARING PROTECTION

SPACE ISOLATIONLOCKOUT-TAGOUT

Procedures must be in place to isolate potential energy sources to the space including

Electricity HydraulicSteam Drive

mechanismsPneumatic Gravity flowPressure MomentumStored energy

OSHA DEFINITION

Hazardous energy controlA program of a energy control procedure &

employee training to ensure that before any person performs any service or maintenance on a machine or equipment

they shall be isolated & rendered inoperable

OSHA 6 STEP PROCEDURE

Prepare for shutdownShutdown the equipmentIsolate the equipmentApply lockout/tagout or block/bleed devicesControl stored energyVerify equipment isolationMust be performed by an “authorized” employee only

Photo by US Government

NON-ENTRY RESCUE

Is conducted without entry to the confined spaceThis can be accomplished with a rope winch

RAPID INTERVENTION TEAM

Provides safety back upDressed the in the same as the entry teamMust be ready to enterCan not be assigned other tasks during rescue

(entry) phaseShould be staged as close as possible to entry

point

HOST EMPLOYER MUST

Inform rescuers of hazards they may encounterProvide rescuers with access to ALL confined

spacesProvide liaison with rescuersProvide any technical assistance necessary

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