primay health care

Department of public health dentistry

Presented by:

Shikha Khare

IV yearReference: nigerianstalk.org

INDEX Health care

Levels of health care

Origin of concept

Primary health care

Elements of primary health care

Pillars of primary health care

Principles of primary health care Equitable distribution

Community participation

Intersectoral coordination

Appropriate technology

Focus on prevention

Conclusion

HEALTH CARE

Health care is the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease, illness, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in humans.

LEVELS OF HEALTH CARE

PRIMARY HEALTH CARE The “first” level of contact between the individual and

the health system. The closest to the people. Provided by the primary health centers.

SECONDARY HEALTH CARE

More complex problems are dealt with. Comprises curative services. Provided by the district hospitals. The 1st referral level.

TERTIARY HEALTH CARE

Offers super-specialist care. Provided by regional/central level institution. Provide training programs.

ORIGIN OF CONCEPT

• Primary health care (PHC) became a core policy following a joint WHO-UNICEF conference in Alma-Ata on 12 September 1978.

• The Alma-Ata declaration called for acceptence of the WHO goal of ‘health-for-all by the year 2000’.

Reference: www.cna-aiic.com

The commitment to global improvements in health, was renewed in 1998 by the world health assembly. This led to the ‘health-for-all for the twenty-first century’ policy and program, within which the commitment to PHC development is restated.

THE SERVICES PROVIDED ARE:

Simple and efficient with regard to cost, techniques and organization.

Readily accessible to those concerned and contributed to improving the living condition of individuals, families and community as a whole.

Reference: Essentials of preventive and community dentistry by Soben Peter

PRIMARY HEALTH CAREPrimary health care is

“Essential health care based on practical, scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods and technology made universally accessible to individuals and families in the community through their full participation and at a cost that community and the country can afford to maintain at every stage of their development in the spirit of self-reliance and self-determination”.

(Alma-Ata, 1978)

Reference: www.who.int


ELEMENTS OFPRIMARY HEATH CARE



FOUR CORNERSTONES/PILLARS OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

ACTIVE COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION

INTRA AND INTER SECTORAL LINKAGES

USE OF APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY

SUPPORT MECHANISM MADE AVAILABLE

Reference: www.who.int

PRINCIPLES OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION

COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION

INTERSECTORAL COORDINATION

APROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY

FOCUS ON PREVENTION


EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION

Healthcare services must be equally shared by all the people of the community irrespective of their race, creed or economic status. This concept helps to shift the centre of gravity of healthcare from the cities to the rural areas where the most needy and vulnerable groups of the population live.


COMMUNITY PARTICIPATIONIn order to make the fullest use of local, national and other available resources Community participation was considered sustainable due to its grass roots nature and emphasis on self-sufficiency.


INTERSECTORAL COORDINATION

Agriculture

Education

Communication

Housing

Public works

Industry

Community organizations.


APROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY Scientifically sound

Effective

Acceptable

In keeping with local culture

Capable of further development

Simple to design, use and understand


FOCUS ON PREVENTION

Promote health and healthy lifestyles with emphasis on prevention.


Presently there are 23,109 PHCs in India.

1156 of them are in Madhya Pradesh

Out of which 10 comes under Bhopal district.

CONCLUSION

Health care is a basic human right.

Government and non-government agencies should examine policies in relation to education, clinical practice, research and administration.

Useful for the entire population and not just a priviledged few.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

www.cna-aiic.com

Essentials of preventive and community dentistry by Soben Peter, fourth edition

www.who.int

www.nigerianstalk.org