PRINCIPLES OF VARIOUS FIBERTESTING INSTRUMENTS

TEXTLE TESTING

• Testing for FIBERS,YARN,FABRIC and GARMENT.

• Testing means to check the quality of the product.

TYPES OF TESTING:-

• Objective testing.

• Subjective testing.

TYPES OF ERROR

• Consumer risk.(sample)

• Producer risk.(lot)

CONDITIONING OVEN

PRINCIPLE:-

• REGAIN is the weight of the material.

• The weight of the material is measured under a standard condition.

• The instrument is must calibration.

PURPOSE

• To measure the amount of moisture present in the given material.

• THERMO STAT - to control the temperature.

• LIMITATIONS - difficult to connect the perforated tray to physical balance for normally.

• The performance of textile fibers (or) yarn (or) fabric is differ in wet and dry conditions.

• Moisture regain=wt of water/oven dry wt x100

• Moisture content=wt of water/total wt of material x 100

SHIRLEY TRASH ANALYSER

PURPOSE:-

• To measure the amount of trash content present in the cotton fiber.

• TRASH means broken seeds.

• TRASH + COTTON KAPPAS.

• CLEAN COTTON LINT.

SHIRLEY MOISTURE METER

PRINCIPLE:-

• The electrical resistance of textile fibers various with different regain values.

DISADVANTAGE

• If the using this instrument is that the dyeing and chemical treatments alter the electrical properties of the material and it is not to possible to calibrate the instrument.

BAER SORTER:-

• To measure the fiber length in a old type model.

DIGITAL FIBRO GRAPH:-

• To measure the fiber length value in digital form and more accuracy.

AIR FLOW AND FIBER FINENESS

• Air flow according to total gape in the base.

PRINCIPLE:-

• Rate of air flow ᾀ 1/surface area of fibers.

• A sample of known weight is compressed in a cylinder to a known volume and subjected to an air current at a known pressure.

• The rate of air flow through this porous plug of fiber , related to the fineness of the cotton fiber is measure.

MICRONAIRE

PURPOSE:-

• To measure the fineness of the fiber.

FIBER FINENESS RATING:-

• Below 3 - very fine.

• 3 to 3.9 - fine.

• 4 to 4.9 - average fine.

• 5 to 5.9 - coarser.

• 6 and above - very coarser.

FINENESS:-

• Number of the fibers in the yarn is depends on fiber fineness.

• Fineness denotes the size of cross sectional dimensions.

• Linear density (or) weight/unit length of fiber is more commonly used index of fineness.

METHOD OF FINENESS MEASUREMENT:-

• Optical.

• Unidimensional.

• Bidimensional.

• Air flow method.

COTTON FIBER

CROSS SECTIONAL VIEW:-

• lumen - empty space in cotton fiber.

• Lumen part ↓ maturity ↑ dyeability↑

METHOD OF DETERMINATION OF MATURITY:-

• Indirect method → CAUSTIC SODA SWELLING METHOD

• Direct method →

1. Differential dyeing method.

2. Polarified high method.

3. Causticaire method.

ABRASION RESISTANCE

• The Abrasion Tester cum Pilling Tester is used to determine abrasion as well as pilling resistance of any type of woven, non-woven, knitted, and coated fabric.

COLOR MATCHING CABINET

• The Color Matching Cabinet is used for visual inspection of any colored material like textile, paper, paint, ink, automotive etc.

• Standard Light sources are used for accurate testing and inspection.

LIGHT SOURCE TYPE OF LIGHT COLOR TEMPERATURE

D-65 Artificial Day Light 6500K

CWF Cool White Fluorescent ( Office Lighting )

4150K

TL-84 Triphospher Fluorescent Lamp ( Show room Light )

4100K

TL-83 Triphospher Fluorescent Lamp ( Show room light for European Buyers)

4100K

UV Ultra Violet Light -------------

U-30 Ultra Lume Commercial Fluorescent ( For American Buyers)

3000K

TUNGSTEN FILAMENT Incandescent Light 2300 TO 2800K

U-35 American Narrow band Fluorescent

2500K

ILLUMINANT A Tungsten Filament Halogen Lamp

2856K

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