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Radiographic appearance of maxillary sinus
Prepeared by :Zara khasrow balakiPrepeared by :Zara khasrow balaki
Maxillary sinus Maxillary sinus is an air containing cavity lined by mucous membrane
The sinus may be considered as a three sided pyramid its three sides are:
Maxillary sinus are largest sinuses amongst the other paranasal sinusesMaxillary sinus are largest sinuses amongst the other paranasal sinuses
Intraoral periapical radiograph :
In these radiograph the roots of the maxillary teeth may appear to project directly into the sinus and may produce conical elevations on the floor of the sinus ,yet there is always a layer of bone and mucosa covering these roots
In periapical radiograph one must remember that:
*a radiopaque band of tissue following the contour of the sinus indicate generalized inflamatory reaction of the sinus mucosa leading to hyper plasia
*a localized opaque thickening adjacent to the source of inflammation as in severe periodontal disease indicated localized mucosites
*most antral changes caused by pathosis are radiopaque
aaOn the periapical radiograph of canine the floors of the sinus and nasal cavity are often superimposed and maybe seen crossing each other forming an inverted Y in the area
On the periapical radiograph of canine the floors of the sinus and nasal cavity are often superimposed and maybe seen crossing each other forming an inverted Y in the area
the anterior maxillary occlusal projection, the cross sectional maxillary anterior projection and the lateral maxillary occlusal projection are excellent techniques to visualize maxilla from the palatal aspect
Standard radiograph1. the caldwell view(occepito frontal)1. the caldwell view(occepito frontal)
2.water’s view (occepitomental view)2.water’s view (occepitomental view)
3.The lateral view 3.The lateral view
this is an ideal view when opaque foreign bodies are being looked for in the maxillary sinus
4.Submentovertex view 4.Submentovertex view
Panoramic view (orthopantomography)
Gives a good display of the lower aspects of antrum
On the panoramic radiograph maxillary sinus appear as paired radiolucent areas located above the apices of maxillary premolars and molars .the floor of the maxillary sinus is composed if dense cortical bone and appear as a radiopaque line
Most of the anterior and posterior walls of the maxillary sinus are superimposed upon the medial wall in the pantomogram.
Computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging
Provide multiple section through the sinus at different planes
MRI of the paranasal sinuses is a comlimentary imaging technique to CT
MRI can image intra cranial complications of inflammatory disease
MRI can readily separate tissues oof similar densities better than CT which is useful to diffrentiate tumors from inflammatory disorders as well as haemorrhage and inflammatory secretions
MRI is unable to image bone and air ,so evaluation of bony anatomy and pathology is difficult hence MRI is mainly usefull to determine spread of disease ,especially intracranially and intraorbitally
MRI can readily separate tissues oof similar densities better than CT which is useful to diffrentiate tumors from inflammatory disorders as well as haemorrhage and inflammatory secretions
MRI is unable to image bone and air ,so evaluation of bony anatomy and pathology is difficult hence MRI is mainly usefull to determine spread of disease ,especially intracranially and intraorbitally
Antral diseases and their radiographic appearanceAntral diseases and their radiographic appearance
Antroliths These are small bodies of varying sizes generally found in the base of sinus
Generally They are homogeneous density and rarely they may have a more radiopaque area around
They usually have irregular border
Thickining of the sinus mucosa and the accumulation of secretions that accompany sinusites reduce air content of the sinus and cause it to become increasingly radiopaque
Acute right side maxillary sinusitis and chronic left side maxillary sinusitis
Irregular thickining of the radiopaque lining on the inner side of sinus because of mucosal hypertrophy
Shrinkage of the radiolucent cavity of the sinus
Acute right side maxillary sinusitis and chronic left side maxillary sinusitis
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