1. French men moved west of the Appalachian Mountains and settled as fur traders, establishing a friendly and profitable relationship with Native Americans.

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2. British settlers moved west, disrupting the relationship between the French and Native Americans.

3. French and Indian War fought between England and France, with Native American Nations fighting on both sides of the conflict.

4. Treaty of Paris, 1763 ended the war. France lost all land in North America. England and Spain now claim land in North America.

5. After the war ends, King George issues Proclamation of 1763 forbidding English colonists from settling West of the Appalachian Mountains.

• Required colonists to pay for official stamp or seal when they bought paper items.

• It affected most colonists.

• STAMP ACT CONGRESS - Colonists met in NYC to discuss how the Stamp Act violated their rights and liberties.

6. Parliament levies taxes on stamps to pay for the French and Indian War

7. The Virginia House of Burgesses votes on a resolution claiming Parliament is practicing "taxation without representation" because no Americans are represented there.

8. Stamp tax collectors arrive, but resistance is strong. Some Americans burn tax collectors’ houses.

9. The British repeal the Stamp Act and Parliament later passes the Townshend Acts which tax lead, paper, paint, glass, and tea.

• March 5, 1770• British soldiers and a crowd of

colonists gathered at Customs House

• Colonists threw snowballs and called the soldiers names

• Soldiers fired into crowd and 5 colonists were killed

10. Colonists boycott British goods and smuggle foreign goods to avoid taxes.

• People refuse to buy certain goods or services.

• Hoped to hurt British economy so Parliament would end new taxes.

11. As imports decline ten thousand British troops arrive in America to help enforce tax laws and catch offenders.

12. A crowd of men and boys throw sticks and snowballs at British soldiers outside the Customs House in Boston.

13. British troops kill five men, and colonists spread news of the "Boston Massacre."

• Information giving only one side of the argument

Old State House• Built in 1713, it was the seat of colonial and state governments

• A cobblestone circle below the balcony shows where the British fired into the crowd during the Boston Massacre, killing Crispus Attucks and four others

• Colonists were upset because of the high taxes on tea

• December 16, 1773 officials in Boston refused to return 3 shiploads of taxed tea to England

• Colonists went on the ships and threw 342 boxes of tea into the Boston Harbor in protest

1. Angry colonists join the Sons of Liberty, the Daughters of Liberty, and Committees of Correspondence to create more active revolt.

• The Sons and Daughters of Liberty were secret societies that worked to support boycotts, organized protest and eventually supported independence.

• The Committees of Correspondence coordinated written records (notes, minutes of meetings) between colonies and gained support for opposing England

2. To break Americans’ resistance to taxes, Parliament gives the British East India Company a monopoly on tea that helps lower the price.

• Monopoly means

complete control of the industry so they can charge any price they want for the tea.

3. Americans refuse to buy tea and colonists disguised as Indians throw 342 chests of tea into the Boston harbor.

4. Parliament removes Boston’s self-government by passing the Intolerable Acts.

There were five parts to the Intolerable Acts.

a) England closed the port of Boston until the colonists paid for the tea that was lost during the Boston Tea Party

b) England took away the right of Massachusetts colonists to govern themselves. Government positions were now appointed by the Governor or the King and town hall meetings were banned.

c) British officials accused of crimes would be taken to England for a trial

d) England passed the Quartering Act which said that British soldiers could stay in the homes of colonists.

e) Parliament extended the boundaries of Quebec (it was also a British colony). Many colonists that this was another attempt to punish the colonies and solidify British control.

The Closing of Boston Harbor