A‘S Steward Morris School2014-2015

Rural Development

Assigned By

Mr. Ashish Gupta Sir

Prepared By

Pradhyumn Somani

Rishabh Pangaria

CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION

2. WHAT IS RURAL DEVELOPMENT ?

3. CREDIT AND MARKETING IN RURAL AREAS

4. AGRICULTURE MARKET SYSTEM

5. DIVERSIFICATION AND PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES

6. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND ORGANIC FARMING

INTRODUCTION

• Agriculture is the major source of livelihood in the rural sector

• The growth and expansion of industrial urban centres did not mean real progress of India

• The real progress of India can be realized by developing rural areas

WHAT IS RURAL AREAS….?

• Action plan for social & economic upliftment of rural areas

• Some initiatives need for development rural areas includes :

i. Development in human resources

ii. Land reforms

iii. Development of productive resources

iv. Infrastructure development

v. Special measures

CREDIT & MARKETING IN RURAL AREAS

Rural credit

• Type of loan for farming families

i. Gestation period

ii. To purchase inputs for farming

iii. To meet other family expenses

• Establish of social banking & agency approach

• The Green Revolution - harbinger of major changes in credit system

• Setting up of SHGs

Rural Banking

• A critical appraisal

• Threat to smooth functioning of banking system

AGRICULTURE MARKET SYSTEM

Agriculture marketing

• It involves assembling, storage, transportation, packaging, grading, etc.

• Problem faced by farmers prior to independence

• Measures initiated to improve marketing aspects are :

First, Regulation of market

Second, Provision for physical structure

Third, Cooperative marketing

Fourth, Policy instruments

i. Assurance of MSP

ii. Maintain of buffer stock

iii. Distribution of food grains & sugar through PDS

Emerging alternative marketing channels

• A ray of hope

• Direct sale by farmers to consumers

• Direct sales contract with farmers

DIVERSIFICATION AND PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES

Diversification

• Diversification of crop production

i. Shift from single cropping system to multi cropping system

ii. Transfer from subsistence farming to commercial farming

• Minimize the risk of price fluctuation and monsoon failure

Productive activities

• Shifting from crop farming to non farming activities

• Non- farming activities are :

i. Animal husbandry

ii. Fisheries

iii. Horticulture

Animal Husbandry

• Important area of employment different from crop farming

• Act as a supplement income

• Increasing of live stock farming in arid areas

• Important source of employment for women

• Operation flood launched in 1996

Fisheries

• Kerala, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu are principal states for fisheries

• Water bodies are ‘mother’ and ‘provider’ for fisheries

• This sector contributes merely 2% to GDP REASONS :

i. Unemployment

ii. High rate of illiteracy an indebtness

iii. Low per capita income

Horticulture

• Horticulture crops include fruits, vegetables, flowers, species, medicinal, etc.

• 2 largest producer of fruits and vegetables

• High crop production led to golden revolutionary

• Problem faced in growth of horticulture :

i. Power shortage

ii. Lack of linkage b/w rural and urban market

iii. Lack of processing units

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND ORGANIC FARMING

Organic farming system of farming relies upon use of organic inputs for cultivation

Sustainable development using existing resources optimally so future generation can use it

Merits of organic farming :

• Disregards the use of

non-renewable resources

• environment friendly

• Sustains soil fertility

• Healthy and tastier food

• Inexpensive technology for the small and marginal farmers