RUSSIAN HISTORY THE RULERS AND OTHER MAJOR

PLAYERS 19TH CENTURYInstructor – Joe Boisvert

October 2, 2009

19th Century Russia

The Romanov Dynasty

House of Romanoff-Holstein-Gottorp1797

Paul I, Emperor Of All Russia 1796-1801

 

Nicholas I, Emperor Of All Russia 1825-1855

Alexander II, Emperor Of All Russia 1855-1881

Alexander III, Emperor Of All Russia 1881-1894

Alexander I, Emperor Of All Russia 1801-1825

 Nicholas II, Emperor Of All Russia 1894-1917

19th Century Russian Rulers

Emperor and

Autocrat of All the

RussiansKing of Poland;

Grand Duke of Finland;

Grand Duke of

Lithuania

Alexander I

March 1801 – December

1824

Russian Postcard Napoleon in Russia

Reign 1825 - 1855

Emperor Nicholas IEmperor and Autocrat of All the Russians

Monument to Nicholas I on St. Isaac's Square

Decembrist Protest 1825

Four week Protest Pushing for Action Against the Government

Goal was to get Constantine as Ruler not Nicholas 1

2000 Rebels Marched on Senate, Nicholas Acted and Had the Mob Surrounded by Loyalist Troops, Eventually Using Force to End Uprising

Alexander II of Russia (1818-1881)

Emperor (tsar) of Russia (1855-1881).

He was responsible for the emancipation of the serfs 

Important reforms that modernized and Westernized Russia's institutions.

HIS GOAL WAS TO BRING MOTHER

RUSSIA INTO CLOSER ALIGNMENT WITH CENTRAL EUROPE

Alexander 11 - Last of the Enlightened Despots

Quasi Liberalism

During his Reign in

1879“The Terror “ Beganalso known as “the

People’s Will” Paul 11 brought about

Major Reforms These Reforms ended with his Assassination

in 1881

The Reforms of Alexander 11 were Ultimately Unsuccessful as were the attempts by Peter the Greats a Century Earlier

Question: Would there have been a Russian

Revolution if Alexander 11 had lived and his reforms had been

successful or was he responsible for Planting

the Seeds of The Revolution

ALEXANDER III (ALEXANDER ALEXANDROVICH)

Born -1845 Died - 1894

EMPEROR OF ALL RUSSIA 1881-1894

The second son of Alexander II was born in St. Petersburg on February 26, 1845.

Alexander III became official heir to the throne after the death of his elder brother, Nicholas, in 1865.

Ended the Terror with Crack Down

He came to the throne on March 1, 1881, at the age 36 after the assassination of his father and was crowned in theDormition Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin on May 15, 1883.

Alexander the 111

Intensified Police Powers

Alexander III Alexandrovich Romanov

Birth:  Mar. 10, 1845, Russian Federation

Death:  Oct. 20, 1894, Ukraine

Alexander III's reign coincided with an industrial revolution in Russia

The strengthening of capitalism.

His domestic policy was particularly harsh, directed not only against revolutionaries but other liberal

movements.

Fearing an attempt on his life, he refused to live in the Winter Palace;

He married the Danish Princess Dagmar (Maria Feodorovna) and had six children.

Alexander III died Unexpectedly on October 20, 1894,

The End of the 19th

Century was Marked By Strong Anti-

Semitic Actions 215 Pogroms

Nobles in Control of Armies

Paul 111 Unexpectedly Dies

Nicholas the 11 Had From the Beginning of His Rule the

Appearance of Weakness

However he was a Strong conservative and firmlyBelieved in the Essential Justice of the Autocracy

The Last Tsar of RussiaNicholas 2nd The Last Romanov

Tatiana

Alexei

Anastasia

Nicholas II

Marie

Olga

St. Petersburg - Grave of Tsar Nicholas II

Tsar Nicholas 2nd

World War I — Russia

Russia entered the first world war with the largest army in the world, standing at 1,400,000 soldiers; when fully mobilized the Russian army expanded to over 5,000,000 soldiers (though at the outset of war Russia could not arm all its soldiers, having a supply of 4.6 million rifles).