Safety of journalists in the changing media context

Guy Berger UNESCO

SUMMER SCHOOL FOR JOURNALISTS AND MEDIA PRACTITIONERS

ldquoFreedom and Pluralism of Traditional and New Mediardquo Florence 13-17 May 2013

European University Institute Sala Teatro Badia Fiesolana Via dei Roccettini 9

1

Contrasts

bull 2013 = 20th anniversary of World Press Freedom Day on 3 May

bull 2012 = more than 120 journalists killed worldwide

bull Anything to celebrate

bull UNIC-Fabrica video

2

Contrasts

bull 2013 = 20th anniversary of World Press Freedom Day on 3 May

bull 2012 = more than 120 journalists killed worldwide

bull Anything to celebrate

bull UNIC-Fabrica video

2

Coming up

1 Safety what who why

2 Whence the UN Plan of Action

3 Walking the talk

4 San Jose World Press Freedom Day 2013

5 Digital developments

6 Conclusion

3

1 SAFE ndash WHAT WHO WHY

4

1 SAFE ndash What

bull Freedom of expression a universal right

bull Safe to speak without fear ndash on the playground in the classroom in politics on social media in the media

bull Why single out the press

bull San Jose WPFD tweet ldquoFreedom of press does not protect any one institution - it is the freedom of citizens to speak truth to powersrdquo - Costa Ricas Minister Francisco Chacon wpfd

bull Safety for all especially for serving society through journalism

bull WPFD tweet ldquoYou cant have press freedom without journalism safety and vice versardquo - gwenlister1

bull Killing is the ultimate censorship ndash and self-censorship

5

11 The problem of impunity

bull WPFD ldquoMany more journos are murdered than killed in crossfire in battlefields Frank Smytherdquo

bull 2012 UNESCO Report only nine cases out of 245 cases (2006-2009) led to a conviction

bull Impunity fuels a cycle of killings bull It undermines public confidence

in rule of law bull WPFD ldquoSafety of journalists will

never be resolved if impunity is not addressed - UNESCOs Sylvie Coudrayrdquo

6

1 SAFE ndash WHAT WHO WHY

4

1 SAFE ndash What

bull Freedom of expression a universal right

bull Safe to speak without fear ndash on the playground in the classroom in politics on social media in the media

bull Why single out the press

bull San Jose WPFD tweet ldquoFreedom of press does not protect any one institution - it is the freedom of citizens to speak truth to powersrdquo - Costa Ricas Minister Francisco Chacon wpfd

bull Safety for all especially for serving society through journalism

bull WPFD tweet ldquoYou cant have press freedom without journalism safety and vice versardquo - gwenlister1

bull Killing is the ultimate censorship ndash and self-censorship

5

11 The problem of impunity

bull WPFD ldquoMany more journos are murdered than killed in crossfire in battlefields Frank Smytherdquo

bull 2012 UNESCO Report only nine cases out of 245 cases (2006-2009) led to a conviction

bull Impunity fuels a cycle of killings bull It undermines public confidence

in rule of law bull WPFD ldquoSafety of journalists will

never be resolved if impunity is not addressed - UNESCOs Sylvie Coudrayrdquo

6

1 SAFE ndash What

bull Freedom of expression a universal right

bull Safe to speak without fear ndash on the playground in the classroom in politics on social media in the media

bull Why single out the press

bull San Jose WPFD tweet ldquoFreedom of press does not protect any one institution - it is the freedom of citizens to speak truth to powersrdquo - Costa Ricas Minister Francisco Chacon wpfd

bull Safety for all especially for serving society through journalism

bull WPFD tweet ldquoYou cant have press freedom without journalism safety and vice versardquo - gwenlister1

bull Killing is the ultimate censorship ndash and self-censorship

5

11 The problem of impunity

bull WPFD ldquoMany more journos are murdered than killed in crossfire in battlefields Frank Smytherdquo

bull 2012 UNESCO Report only nine cases out of 245 cases (2006-2009) led to a conviction

bull Impunity fuels a cycle of killings bull It undermines public confidence

in rule of law bull WPFD ldquoSafety of journalists will

never be resolved if impunity is not addressed - UNESCOs Sylvie Coudrayrdquo

6

11 The problem of impunity

bull WPFD ldquoMany more journos are murdered than killed in crossfire in battlefields Frank Smytherdquo

bull 2012 UNESCO Report only nine cases out of 245 cases (2006-2009) led to a conviction

bull Impunity fuels a cycle of killings bull It undermines public confidence

in rule of law bull WPFD ldquoSafety of journalists will

never be resolved if impunity is not addressed - UNESCOs Sylvie Coudrayrdquo

6

7

12 The possibility to end impunity

bull Most states would rather avoid the cycle of having journalists murdered

bull WPFD ldquoEven the harshest dictators are sensitive to negative publicity says Finnish editor Niemirdquo

8

12 Safe for journalism

bull UN Human Rights Committee defines journalism as ldquoa function shared by a wide range of actors including professional full-time reporters and analysts as well as bloggers and others who engage in forms of self-publication in print on the Internet or elsewhererdquo General Comment No 34 on article 19

bull UNESCO WorkPlan on Safety

Uses UNESCO IPDC Decision of 23 March 2012 refers to ldquojournalists media workers and social media producers who generate a significant amount of public-interest journalismrdquo

9

10

13 Who counts as a journalist

UN Rapporteur on the Right to Freedom of Opinion and Expression states that ldquohellipjournalists are understood to be individuals who are dedicated to investigating analysing and disseminating information in a regular and specialised manner through any type of written media broadcast media (television or radio) or electronic media ldquoWith the advent of new forms of communication journalism has extended into new areas including citizen journalismrdquo

11

14 Who ndash in more detail

bull Opponents (authorshellip amp agents) bull Targets practitioners esp investigative freelance bull AND sources citizens bull WPFD ldquoJournalists should avoid a sense of being passive

victims of attacks but should rather action their social role - Javier Dario Restrepordquo

bull Victims or survivors Professional journalism as a shield 12

12 The possibility to end impunity

bull Most states would rather avoid the cycle of having journalists murdered

bull WPFD ldquoEven the harshest dictators are sensitive to negative publicity says Finnish editor Niemirdquo

8

12 Safe for journalism

bull UN Human Rights Committee defines journalism as ldquoa function shared by a wide range of actors including professional full-time reporters and analysts as well as bloggers and others who engage in forms of self-publication in print on the Internet or elsewhererdquo General Comment No 34 on article 19

bull UNESCO WorkPlan on Safety

Uses UNESCO IPDC Decision of 23 March 2012 refers to ldquojournalists media workers and social media producers who generate a significant amount of public-interest journalismrdquo

9

10

13 Who counts as a journalist

UN Rapporteur on the Right to Freedom of Opinion and Expression states that ldquohellipjournalists are understood to be individuals who are dedicated to investigating analysing and disseminating information in a regular and specialised manner through any type of written media broadcast media (television or radio) or electronic media ldquoWith the advent of new forms of communication journalism has extended into new areas including citizen journalismrdquo

11

14 Who ndash in more detail

bull Opponents (authorshellip amp agents) bull Targets practitioners esp investigative freelance bull AND sources citizens bull WPFD ldquoJournalists should avoid a sense of being passive

victims of attacks but should rather action their social role - Javier Dario Restrepordquo

bull Victims or survivors Professional journalism as a shield 12

12 Safe for journalism

bull UN Human Rights Committee defines journalism as ldquoa function shared by a wide range of actors including professional full-time reporters and analysts as well as bloggers and others who engage in forms of self-publication in print on the Internet or elsewhererdquo General Comment No 34 on article 19

bull UNESCO WorkPlan on Safety

Uses UNESCO IPDC Decision of 23 March 2012 refers to ldquojournalists media workers and social media producers who generate a significant amount of public-interest journalismrdquo

9

10

13 Who counts as a journalist

UN Rapporteur on the Right to Freedom of Opinion and Expression states that ldquohellipjournalists are understood to be individuals who are dedicated to investigating analysing and disseminating information in a regular and specialised manner through any type of written media broadcast media (television or radio) or electronic media ldquoWith the advent of new forms of communication journalism has extended into new areas including citizen journalismrdquo

11

14 Who ndash in more detail

bull Opponents (authorshellip amp agents) bull Targets practitioners esp investigative freelance bull AND sources citizens bull WPFD ldquoJournalists should avoid a sense of being passive

victims of attacks but should rather action their social role - Javier Dario Restrepordquo

bull Victims or survivors Professional journalism as a shield 12

10

13 Who counts as a journalist

UN Rapporteur on the Right to Freedom of Opinion and Expression states that ldquohellipjournalists are understood to be individuals who are dedicated to investigating analysing and disseminating information in a regular and specialised manner through any type of written media broadcast media (television or radio) or electronic media ldquoWith the advent of new forms of communication journalism has extended into new areas including citizen journalismrdquo

11

14 Who ndash in more detail

bull Opponents (authorshellip amp agents) bull Targets practitioners esp investigative freelance bull AND sources citizens bull WPFD ldquoJournalists should avoid a sense of being passive

victims of attacks but should rather action their social role - Javier Dario Restrepordquo

bull Victims or survivors Professional journalism as a shield 12

13 Who counts as a journalist

UN Rapporteur on the Right to Freedom of Opinion and Expression states that ldquohellipjournalists are understood to be individuals who are dedicated to investigating analysing and disseminating information in a regular and specialised manner through any type of written media broadcast media (television or radio) or electronic media ldquoWith the advent of new forms of communication journalism has extended into new areas including citizen journalismrdquo

11

14 Who ndash in more detail

bull Opponents (authorshellip amp agents) bull Targets practitioners esp investigative freelance bull AND sources citizens bull WPFD ldquoJournalists should avoid a sense of being passive

victims of attacks but should rather action their social role - Javier Dario Restrepordquo

bull Victims or survivors Professional journalism as a shield 12

14 Who ndash in more detail

bull Opponents (authorshellip amp agents) bull Targets practitioners esp investigative freelance bull AND sources citizens bull WPFD ldquoJournalists should avoid a sense of being passive

victims of attacks but should rather action their social role - Javier Dario Restrepordquo

bull Victims or survivors Professional journalism as a shield 12

14 Who ndash in more detail

bull wpfd ldquoPublic awareness is needed to create a culture that cherishes freedom of expression - Deb Seward UN Dept of Public Informationrdquo

bull Stakeholders ndash media Owners Journalists

bull WAN-IFRA video bull Helsinki Ilta Sanomat

paper ndash 80 stories

13

15 Safety ndash what is it

bull Safety is a broad category

bull Ranges from preventive protective and pre-emptive measures through to combating impunity and promoting a social culture which cherishes freedom of expression and press freedom

bull A factor of laws institutions capacities cultures

bull Safety spans both online amp offline worlds and their interaction

14

A complex phenomenon

15

16 Safety ndash the remit

bull Safe from all risks bull Is journalism intrinsically dangerous bull WPFD ldquoEgyptian delegate asks is risk of death

intrinsic to job of journalist like it is for a soldier An unavoidable pricerdquo

bull WPFD ldquoThe price of doing journalism should not be death but feeling tired after a long days work ndash Adnan Rehmatrdquo

bull WPFD Curacao ldquoIn the Caribbean journalists are not killed but their stories arerdquo

16

16 Safety ndash the extent

bull Does safety mean safe from legalised actions ndash like jailings of

journalists for allegedly breaking laws bull Ideally safety needs a conducive environment of press freedom bull But even where Press Freedom is in place physicalpsychogender

safety issues can exist

17

2 WHENCE UN PLAN OF ACTION

18

21 UNESCO as midwife

bull Constitution to promote free flow of ideas by word amp image

bull Since 1997 Director-General condemns each killing

bull IPDC safety as special initiative training research indicators

bull Since 2008 Member States are urged ldquoto inform the Director-General of UNESCO on a voluntary basis of the actions taken to prevent the impunity of the perpetrators and to notify herhim of the status of the judicial inquiries conducted on each of the killings condemned by UNESCOrdquo

bull Annual reports to UNESCO bodies (39 member IPDC council 195 member General Conference)

bull UNESCO Work Plan endorsed by Executive Board April 2013

19

22 Other UN actors on safety

bull UN statements ndash Human Rights Council adopted for the first time a

resolution on the importance of the safety of journalist as a fundamental element of freedom of expression at its 21st Session on 27 Sept 2012 (Res AHRC21L6)

bull Security Council Resolution 1738 (2006) condemned attacks against journalists in conflict situations

bull Special Rapporteurs (video)

bull Need more = birth of UN Plan ndash Sept 2011 UNESCO convenes founding conference

ndash UN Chief Execs Board endorses UN Plan in April 2012

20

A complex phenomenon

15

16 Safety ndash the remit

bull Safe from all risks bull Is journalism intrinsically dangerous bull WPFD ldquoEgyptian delegate asks is risk of death

intrinsic to job of journalist like it is for a soldier An unavoidable pricerdquo

bull WPFD ldquoThe price of doing journalism should not be death but feeling tired after a long days work ndash Adnan Rehmatrdquo

bull WPFD Curacao ldquoIn the Caribbean journalists are not killed but their stories arerdquo

16

16 Safety ndash the extent

bull Does safety mean safe from legalised actions ndash like jailings of

journalists for allegedly breaking laws bull Ideally safety needs a conducive environment of press freedom bull But even where Press Freedom is in place physicalpsychogender

safety issues can exist

17

2 WHENCE UN PLAN OF ACTION

18

21 UNESCO as midwife

bull Constitution to promote free flow of ideas by word amp image

bull Since 1997 Director-General condemns each killing

bull IPDC safety as special initiative training research indicators

bull Since 2008 Member States are urged ldquoto inform the Director-General of UNESCO on a voluntary basis of the actions taken to prevent the impunity of the perpetrators and to notify herhim of the status of the judicial inquiries conducted on each of the killings condemned by UNESCOrdquo

bull Annual reports to UNESCO bodies (39 member IPDC council 195 member General Conference)

bull UNESCO Work Plan endorsed by Executive Board April 2013

19

22 Other UN actors on safety

bull UN statements ndash Human Rights Council adopted for the first time a

resolution on the importance of the safety of journalist as a fundamental element of freedom of expression at its 21st Session on 27 Sept 2012 (Res AHRC21L6)

bull Security Council Resolution 1738 (2006) condemned attacks against journalists in conflict situations

bull Special Rapporteurs (video)

bull Need more = birth of UN Plan ndash Sept 2011 UNESCO convenes founding conference

ndash UN Chief Execs Board endorses UN Plan in April 2012

20

16 Safety ndash the remit

bull Safe from all risks bull Is journalism intrinsically dangerous bull WPFD ldquoEgyptian delegate asks is risk of death

intrinsic to job of journalist like it is for a soldier An unavoidable pricerdquo

bull WPFD ldquoThe price of doing journalism should not be death but feeling tired after a long days work ndash Adnan Rehmatrdquo

bull WPFD Curacao ldquoIn the Caribbean journalists are not killed but their stories arerdquo

16

16 Safety ndash the extent

bull Does safety mean safe from legalised actions ndash like jailings of

journalists for allegedly breaking laws bull Ideally safety needs a conducive environment of press freedom bull But even where Press Freedom is in place physicalpsychogender

safety issues can exist

17

2 WHENCE UN PLAN OF ACTION

18

21 UNESCO as midwife

bull Constitution to promote free flow of ideas by word amp image

bull Since 1997 Director-General condemns each killing

bull IPDC safety as special initiative training research indicators

bull Since 2008 Member States are urged ldquoto inform the Director-General of UNESCO on a voluntary basis of the actions taken to prevent the impunity of the perpetrators and to notify herhim of the status of the judicial inquiries conducted on each of the killings condemned by UNESCOrdquo

bull Annual reports to UNESCO bodies (39 member IPDC council 195 member General Conference)

bull UNESCO Work Plan endorsed by Executive Board April 2013

19

22 Other UN actors on safety

bull UN statements ndash Human Rights Council adopted for the first time a

resolution on the importance of the safety of journalist as a fundamental element of freedom of expression at its 21st Session on 27 Sept 2012 (Res AHRC21L6)

bull Security Council Resolution 1738 (2006) condemned attacks against journalists in conflict situations

bull Special Rapporteurs (video)

bull Need more = birth of UN Plan ndash Sept 2011 UNESCO convenes founding conference

ndash UN Chief Execs Board endorses UN Plan in April 2012

20

16 Safety ndash the extent

bull Does safety mean safe from legalised actions ndash like jailings of

journalists for allegedly breaking laws bull Ideally safety needs a conducive environment of press freedom bull But even where Press Freedom is in place physicalpsychogender

safety issues can exist

17

2 WHENCE UN PLAN OF ACTION

18

21 UNESCO as midwife

bull Constitution to promote free flow of ideas by word amp image

bull Since 1997 Director-General condemns each killing

bull IPDC safety as special initiative training research indicators

bull Since 2008 Member States are urged ldquoto inform the Director-General of UNESCO on a voluntary basis of the actions taken to prevent the impunity of the perpetrators and to notify herhim of the status of the judicial inquiries conducted on each of the killings condemned by UNESCOrdquo

bull Annual reports to UNESCO bodies (39 member IPDC council 195 member General Conference)

bull UNESCO Work Plan endorsed by Executive Board April 2013

19

22 Other UN actors on safety

bull UN statements ndash Human Rights Council adopted for the first time a

resolution on the importance of the safety of journalist as a fundamental element of freedom of expression at its 21st Session on 27 Sept 2012 (Res AHRC21L6)

bull Security Council Resolution 1738 (2006) condemned attacks against journalists in conflict situations

bull Special Rapporteurs (video)

bull Need more = birth of UN Plan ndash Sept 2011 UNESCO convenes founding conference

ndash UN Chief Execs Board endorses UN Plan in April 2012

20

2 WHENCE UN PLAN OF ACTION

18

21 UNESCO as midwife

bull Constitution to promote free flow of ideas by word amp image

bull Since 1997 Director-General condemns each killing

bull IPDC safety as special initiative training research indicators

bull Since 2008 Member States are urged ldquoto inform the Director-General of UNESCO on a voluntary basis of the actions taken to prevent the impunity of the perpetrators and to notify herhim of the status of the judicial inquiries conducted on each of the killings condemned by UNESCOrdquo

bull Annual reports to UNESCO bodies (39 member IPDC council 195 member General Conference)

bull UNESCO Work Plan endorsed by Executive Board April 2013

19

22 Other UN actors on safety

bull UN statements ndash Human Rights Council adopted for the first time a

resolution on the importance of the safety of journalist as a fundamental element of freedom of expression at its 21st Session on 27 Sept 2012 (Res AHRC21L6)

bull Security Council Resolution 1738 (2006) condemned attacks against journalists in conflict situations

bull Special Rapporteurs (video)

bull Need more = birth of UN Plan ndash Sept 2011 UNESCO convenes founding conference

ndash UN Chief Execs Board endorses UN Plan in April 2012

20

21 UNESCO as midwife

bull Constitution to promote free flow of ideas by word amp image

bull Since 1997 Director-General condemns each killing

bull IPDC safety as special initiative training research indicators

bull Since 2008 Member States are urged ldquoto inform the Director-General of UNESCO on a voluntary basis of the actions taken to prevent the impunity of the perpetrators and to notify herhim of the status of the judicial inquiries conducted on each of the killings condemned by UNESCOrdquo

bull Annual reports to UNESCO bodies (39 member IPDC council 195 member General Conference)

bull UNESCO Work Plan endorsed by Executive Board April 2013

19

22 Other UN actors on safety

bull UN statements ndash Human Rights Council adopted for the first time a

resolution on the importance of the safety of journalist as a fundamental element of freedom of expression at its 21st Session on 27 Sept 2012 (Res AHRC21L6)

bull Security Council Resolution 1738 (2006) condemned attacks against journalists in conflict situations

bull Special Rapporteurs (video)

bull Need more = birth of UN Plan ndash Sept 2011 UNESCO convenes founding conference

ndash UN Chief Execs Board endorses UN Plan in April 2012

20

22 Other UN actors on safety

bull UN statements ndash Human Rights Council adopted for the first time a

resolution on the importance of the safety of journalist as a fundamental element of freedom of expression at its 21st Session on 27 Sept 2012 (Res AHRC21L6)

bull Security Council Resolution 1738 (2006) condemned attacks against journalists in conflict situations

bull Special Rapporteurs (video)

bull Need more = birth of UN Plan ndash Sept 2011 UNESCO convenes founding conference

ndash UN Chief Execs Board endorses UN Plan in April 2012

20

23 Philosophy of the UN Plan

bull The work of each UN organisation is made easier when journalists can work without fear

bull Many of these organisations also often work directly with the media

bull No single UN body and indeed even the UN as a whole can single-handedly deliver the results envisaged by the UN Plan of Action

bull Strategy is designed on an inclusive basis encouraging multiple partnerships between all actors UN bodies States regional bodies media actors and civil society

21

24 Seeking strength in alignment

bull Actors outside of the UN have a major contribution to offer whether through joint or complimentary activities

bull The Plan does not seek to assimilate any party nor to exclude independent activities about the safety of journalists

bull The ambition is to catalyse concerted multi-faceted efforts that will produce results

bull The Plan can also be seen as a mobilising framework in which diverse contributors advance their own interests by also helping to advance a common cause

22

25 Whatrsquos in the UN Plan of Action

Aim

bull Working toward the creation of a free and safe environment for journalists and media workers in both conflict and non-conflict situations with a view to strengthening peace democracy and development worldwide

bull By Strengthening UN Mechanisms

bull By Cooperating with Member States

bull By Partnering with Other Organizations and Institutions

bull By Raising Awareness

bull By Fostering Safety Initiatives

23

3 WALKING THE TALK

bull Between dreams and realities

24

31 Putting into effect

bull November 2012 ndash Implementation Strategy devised

ndash Input from 21 UN agencies 38 NGOs and professional organisations 37 governments

bull 120 actions for actors bull UN amp intergovernmental bodies

bull Governments

bull Civil society academia and media

bull Cross-cutting awareness raising

25

32 Levels of work

bull National focus first phase countries ndash South Sudan

ndash Iraq

ndash Pakistan

ndash Nepal

bull For effective local operationalization each national approachstrategy must be based the needs amp possibilities of the country

bull Regional and global actions as well

26

4 SAN JOSE WPFD 2013

27

41 WPFD TWEETS

bull RT irexmedia Deb Seward asking questions (safely) is the service journalists (professional citizen) give society pressfreedom wpfd

bull Rachel_Pulfer Hannah Storm INSI is recognizing women need to be treated differently from a safety perspective wpfd

bull Crisis should be an opportunity for journalists to reflect on how they can do a better job - Javier Dario Restrepo wpfd pressfreedom

bull RT irexmedia Raised at wpfd growing skills of anti pressfreedom actors online eg digitally posing as journalists to besmirch them

bull Everyone can be tracked and attacked the net is not anonymous Digital risks can become physical threats - Acosta wpfd pressfreedom

bull Corporate soc responsibility = not selling surveillance software to states that repress people for exercising free speech - La Rue wpfd

28

24 Seeking strength in alignment

bull Actors outside of the UN have a major contribution to offer whether through joint or complimentary activities

bull The Plan does not seek to assimilate any party nor to exclude independent activities about the safety of journalists

bull The ambition is to catalyse concerted multi-faceted efforts that will produce results

bull The Plan can also be seen as a mobilising framework in which diverse contributors advance their own interests by also helping to advance a common cause

22

25 Whatrsquos in the UN Plan of Action

Aim

bull Working toward the creation of a free and safe environment for journalists and media workers in both conflict and non-conflict situations with a view to strengthening peace democracy and development worldwide

bull By Strengthening UN Mechanisms

bull By Cooperating with Member States

bull By Partnering with Other Organizations and Institutions

bull By Raising Awareness

bull By Fostering Safety Initiatives

23

3 WALKING THE TALK

bull Between dreams and realities

24

31 Putting into effect

bull November 2012 ndash Implementation Strategy devised

ndash Input from 21 UN agencies 38 NGOs and professional organisations 37 governments

bull 120 actions for actors bull UN amp intergovernmental bodies

bull Governments

bull Civil society academia and media

bull Cross-cutting awareness raising

25

32 Levels of work

bull National focus first phase countries ndash South Sudan

ndash Iraq

ndash Pakistan

ndash Nepal

bull For effective local operationalization each national approachstrategy must be based the needs amp possibilities of the country

bull Regional and global actions as well

26

4 SAN JOSE WPFD 2013

27

41 WPFD TWEETS

bull RT irexmedia Deb Seward asking questions (safely) is the service journalists (professional citizen) give society pressfreedom wpfd

bull Rachel_Pulfer Hannah Storm INSI is recognizing women need to be treated differently from a safety perspective wpfd

bull Crisis should be an opportunity for journalists to reflect on how they can do a better job - Javier Dario Restrepo wpfd pressfreedom

bull RT irexmedia Raised at wpfd growing skills of anti pressfreedom actors online eg digitally posing as journalists to besmirch them

bull Everyone can be tracked and attacked the net is not anonymous Digital risks can become physical threats - Acosta wpfd pressfreedom

bull Corporate soc responsibility = not selling surveillance software to states that repress people for exercising free speech - La Rue wpfd

28

25 Whatrsquos in the UN Plan of Action

Aim

bull Working toward the creation of a free and safe environment for journalists and media workers in both conflict and non-conflict situations with a view to strengthening peace democracy and development worldwide

bull By Strengthening UN Mechanisms

bull By Cooperating with Member States

bull By Partnering with Other Organizations and Institutions

bull By Raising Awareness

bull By Fostering Safety Initiatives

23

3 WALKING THE TALK

bull Between dreams and realities

24

31 Putting into effect

bull November 2012 ndash Implementation Strategy devised

ndash Input from 21 UN agencies 38 NGOs and professional organisations 37 governments

bull 120 actions for actors bull UN amp intergovernmental bodies

bull Governments

bull Civil society academia and media

bull Cross-cutting awareness raising

25

32 Levels of work

bull National focus first phase countries ndash South Sudan

ndash Iraq

ndash Pakistan

ndash Nepal

bull For effective local operationalization each national approachstrategy must be based the needs amp possibilities of the country

bull Regional and global actions as well

26

4 SAN JOSE WPFD 2013

27

41 WPFD TWEETS

bull RT irexmedia Deb Seward asking questions (safely) is the service journalists (professional citizen) give society pressfreedom wpfd

bull Rachel_Pulfer Hannah Storm INSI is recognizing women need to be treated differently from a safety perspective wpfd

bull Crisis should be an opportunity for journalists to reflect on how they can do a better job - Javier Dario Restrepo wpfd pressfreedom

bull RT irexmedia Raised at wpfd growing skills of anti pressfreedom actors online eg digitally posing as journalists to besmirch them

bull Everyone can be tracked and attacked the net is not anonymous Digital risks can become physical threats - Acosta wpfd pressfreedom

bull Corporate soc responsibility = not selling surveillance software to states that repress people for exercising free speech - La Rue wpfd

28

3 WALKING THE TALK

bull Between dreams and realities

24

31 Putting into effect

bull November 2012 ndash Implementation Strategy devised

ndash Input from 21 UN agencies 38 NGOs and professional organisations 37 governments

bull 120 actions for actors bull UN amp intergovernmental bodies

bull Governments

bull Civil society academia and media

bull Cross-cutting awareness raising

25

32 Levels of work

bull National focus first phase countries ndash South Sudan

ndash Iraq

ndash Pakistan

ndash Nepal

bull For effective local operationalization each national approachstrategy must be based the needs amp possibilities of the country

bull Regional and global actions as well

26

4 SAN JOSE WPFD 2013

27

41 WPFD TWEETS

bull RT irexmedia Deb Seward asking questions (safely) is the service journalists (professional citizen) give society pressfreedom wpfd

bull Rachel_Pulfer Hannah Storm INSI is recognizing women need to be treated differently from a safety perspective wpfd

bull Crisis should be an opportunity for journalists to reflect on how they can do a better job - Javier Dario Restrepo wpfd pressfreedom

bull RT irexmedia Raised at wpfd growing skills of anti pressfreedom actors online eg digitally posing as journalists to besmirch them

bull Everyone can be tracked and attacked the net is not anonymous Digital risks can become physical threats - Acosta wpfd pressfreedom

bull Corporate soc responsibility = not selling surveillance software to states that repress people for exercising free speech - La Rue wpfd

28

31 Putting into effect

bull November 2012 ndash Implementation Strategy devised

ndash Input from 21 UN agencies 38 NGOs and professional organisations 37 governments

bull 120 actions for actors bull UN amp intergovernmental bodies

bull Governments

bull Civil society academia and media

bull Cross-cutting awareness raising

25

32 Levels of work

bull National focus first phase countries ndash South Sudan

ndash Iraq

ndash Pakistan

ndash Nepal

bull For effective local operationalization each national approachstrategy must be based the needs amp possibilities of the country

bull Regional and global actions as well

26

4 SAN JOSE WPFD 2013

27

41 WPFD TWEETS

bull RT irexmedia Deb Seward asking questions (safely) is the service journalists (professional citizen) give society pressfreedom wpfd

bull Rachel_Pulfer Hannah Storm INSI is recognizing women need to be treated differently from a safety perspective wpfd

bull Crisis should be an opportunity for journalists to reflect on how they can do a better job - Javier Dario Restrepo wpfd pressfreedom

bull RT irexmedia Raised at wpfd growing skills of anti pressfreedom actors online eg digitally posing as journalists to besmirch them

bull Everyone can be tracked and attacked the net is not anonymous Digital risks can become physical threats - Acosta wpfd pressfreedom

bull Corporate soc responsibility = not selling surveillance software to states that repress people for exercising free speech - La Rue wpfd

28

32 Levels of work

bull National focus first phase countries ndash South Sudan

ndash Iraq

ndash Pakistan

ndash Nepal

bull For effective local operationalization each national approachstrategy must be based the needs amp possibilities of the country

bull Regional and global actions as well

26

4 SAN JOSE WPFD 2013

27

41 WPFD TWEETS

bull RT irexmedia Deb Seward asking questions (safely) is the service journalists (professional citizen) give society pressfreedom wpfd

bull Rachel_Pulfer Hannah Storm INSI is recognizing women need to be treated differently from a safety perspective wpfd

bull Crisis should be an opportunity for journalists to reflect on how they can do a better job - Javier Dario Restrepo wpfd pressfreedom

bull RT irexmedia Raised at wpfd growing skills of anti pressfreedom actors online eg digitally posing as journalists to besmirch them

bull Everyone can be tracked and attacked the net is not anonymous Digital risks can become physical threats - Acosta wpfd pressfreedom

bull Corporate soc responsibility = not selling surveillance software to states that repress people for exercising free speech - La Rue wpfd

28

4 SAN JOSE WPFD 2013

27

41 WPFD TWEETS

bull RT irexmedia Deb Seward asking questions (safely) is the service journalists (professional citizen) give society pressfreedom wpfd

bull Rachel_Pulfer Hannah Storm INSI is recognizing women need to be treated differently from a safety perspective wpfd

bull Crisis should be an opportunity for journalists to reflect on how they can do a better job - Javier Dario Restrepo wpfd pressfreedom

bull RT irexmedia Raised at wpfd growing skills of anti pressfreedom actors online eg digitally posing as journalists to besmirch them

bull Everyone can be tracked and attacked the net is not anonymous Digital risks can become physical threats - Acosta wpfd pressfreedom

bull Corporate soc responsibility = not selling surveillance software to states that repress people for exercising free speech - La Rue wpfd

28

41 WPFD TWEETS

bull RT irexmedia Deb Seward asking questions (safely) is the service journalists (professional citizen) give society pressfreedom wpfd

bull Rachel_Pulfer Hannah Storm INSI is recognizing women need to be treated differently from a safety perspective wpfd

bull Crisis should be an opportunity for journalists to reflect on how they can do a better job - Javier Dario Restrepo wpfd pressfreedom

bull RT irexmedia Raised at wpfd growing skills of anti pressfreedom actors online eg digitally posing as journalists to besmirch them

bull Everyone can be tracked and attacked the net is not anonymous Digital risks can become physical threats - Acosta wpfd pressfreedom

bull Corporate soc responsibility = not selling surveillance software to states that repress people for exercising free speech - La Rue wpfd

28

42 Appeal to all stakeholders

29

43 Content

bull Slogan Safe to speak hellip on all media bull Declaration Urges all to support UN Plan bull Panels on safety issues

ndash A safe environment ndash Addressing impunity ndash Judicial perspectives ndash Safety online and trainings ndash Good practices ndash Gender ndash Covering drugs and crime

bull UN involvement ndash side meeting 11 agencies bull LA governments ndash Mexico Brazil Honduras

Colombia bull Taking forward the agendahellip

30

5 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENTS

31

43 Content

bull Slogan Safe to speak hellip on all media bull Declaration Urges all to support UN Plan bull Panels on safety issues

ndash A safe environment ndash Addressing impunity ndash Judicial perspectives ndash Safety online and trainings ndash Good practices ndash Gender ndash Covering drugs and crime

bull UN involvement ndash side meeting 11 agencies bull LA governments ndash Mexico Brazil Honduras

Colombia bull Taking forward the agendahellip

30

5 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENTS

31

5 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENTS

31

51 Online offline

bull Freedom Houses Mariclaire Acosta citizen journos amp bloggers are also very vulnerable in Mexico they need training wpfd

bull Acosta only 2 Mexican papers have been brave enough to publish amp follow-up on journo killings so social media is becoming an outlet wpfd

bull Acosta research shows that social media is best source of info on violence but 4 producers killed - 2 decapitated wpfd pressfreedom

bull RT irexmedia Feeling you have nothing to hide online doesnt mean you your networks are not of interest to someone now or someday

bull Personal and professional convergence

32

51 Cybersafety

bull Digital footprints surfing email ldquoPetraes mythrdquo phonecalls geolocation layers of data collectors

bull Offline electronic records

bull Cyberattacks trolls and imposters

bull Need international standards for governments amp intermediaries for protecting online FoE

bull Individuals media houses need digi-quette

bull Many threats have a digital trailtail

33

34

6 CONCLUSION

35

Summing up

1 Safety why who what 2 Whence the UN Plan of Action 3 Walking the talk 4 San Jose WPFD 2013 5 Digital developments

TAKE AWAY POINT A window of opportunity with the UN Plan ndash to harmonise and intensify actions draw in new energy and resources (First review will be carried out in January 2014)

36

More information

bull httpwwwunescoorgnewencommunication-and-

informationfreedom-of-expressionsafety-of-journalists

OR bull httpgooglTIBIF

bull Thank you

37

51 Cybersafety

bull Digital footprints surfing email ldquoPetraes mythrdquo phonecalls geolocation layers of data collectors

bull Offline electronic records

bull Cyberattacks trolls and imposters

bull Need international standards for governments amp intermediaries for protecting online FoE

bull Individuals media houses need digi-quette

bull Many threats have a digital trailtail

33

34

6 CONCLUSION

35

Summing up

1 Safety why who what 2 Whence the UN Plan of Action 3 Walking the talk 4 San Jose WPFD 2013 5 Digital developments

TAKE AWAY POINT A window of opportunity with the UN Plan ndash to harmonise and intensify actions draw in new energy and resources (First review will be carried out in January 2014)

36

More information

bull httpwwwunescoorgnewencommunication-and-

informationfreedom-of-expressionsafety-of-journalists

OR bull httpgooglTIBIF

bull Thank you

37

34

6 CONCLUSION

35

Summing up

1 Safety why who what 2 Whence the UN Plan of Action 3 Walking the talk 4 San Jose WPFD 2013 5 Digital developments

TAKE AWAY POINT A window of opportunity with the UN Plan ndash to harmonise and intensify actions draw in new energy and resources (First review will be carried out in January 2014)

36

More information

bull httpwwwunescoorgnewencommunication-and-

informationfreedom-of-expressionsafety-of-journalists

OR bull httpgooglTIBIF

bull Thank you

37

6 CONCLUSION

35

Summing up

1 Safety why who what 2 Whence the UN Plan of Action 3 Walking the talk 4 San Jose WPFD 2013 5 Digital developments

TAKE AWAY POINT A window of opportunity with the UN Plan ndash to harmonise and intensify actions draw in new energy and resources (First review will be carried out in January 2014)

36

More information

bull httpwwwunescoorgnewencommunication-and-

informationfreedom-of-expressionsafety-of-journalists

OR bull httpgooglTIBIF

bull Thank you

37

Summing up

1 Safety why who what 2 Whence the UN Plan of Action 3 Walking the talk 4 San Jose WPFD 2013 5 Digital developments

TAKE AWAY POINT A window of opportunity with the UN Plan ndash to harmonise and intensify actions draw in new energy and resources (First review will be carried out in January 2014)

36

More information

bull httpwwwunescoorgnewencommunication-and-

informationfreedom-of-expressionsafety-of-journalists

OR bull httpgooglTIBIF

bull Thank you

37

More information

bull httpwwwunescoorgnewencommunication-and-

informationfreedom-of-expressionsafety-of-journalists

OR bull httpgooglTIBIF

bull Thank you

37