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16 March 2011
Home and office pilot projects
Saving energy with smart plugs
June
September
Jochem Floor Luleå, march 16th, 2011
kWh/ hour
16 March 2011
Electric transport
Smart Cities
Decentral generation
Grid operator Liander facilitates transition to sustainable energy supply. Take energy management, for example
Energy management
Watt’s the result?
Liander searches for the best method to save energy, in its offices and in the household.Situation
QuestionR
esea
rch
How do offices and households use energy?Can we curb energy waste using energy management systems?
&
16 March 2011
Liander office and consumers measure and manage the energy use of appliances and lighting with smart plugs
A network of smart plugs
Each plug measures the energy usageof the plugged in appliance
The plugs communicatewirelessly at low power
Usage is visible live and controllable with personal switching schemes
Watt’s the result?
16 March 2011
Overview of total energy usage and quick technical feed-back may improve user experience and effectiveness
• Consumers signed up spontaneously or were contacted by telephone• Retention limited for solicited participants (target!)
Findingparticipants
System
Systemusage
• Retention limited by complexity of installation• Helpdesk not yet up to speed• Technical feedback and troubleshooting will improve consumer experience
• Computer, TV, Washing machine, Drying laundry and Lighting• Feedback difficult to interpret• Demand for total energy use overview• Switching schemes were complicated and therefore not often used
The World Cup football was an important factorin consumers’ energy usage
16 March 2011
Day 1 – 14 15 – 28 29 – 42 43 – 56 57 – 70
Consumers saved 3,5% on average; the more actively engaged consumers were more effective
To improve savings:- Include overview of total energy usage (connect PW with smart meter)- Advise users on optimal appliances to connect - Include non-pluggable appliances and lighting- Improve interface usabilityNone < 10% > 10%
Energy Saved
Nu
mb
er o
f cl
icks
Interface usage vs energy savings25
20
15
10
5
0
16 March 2011
Liander office usage comparable to one hundred households: Watt can we do about that?
• 3 floors• 4900 m2
• 200 work places, 3 meeting rooms• server space, kitchen and canteen
Liander Office
EnergyUsageMay
Elektricity: 31 700 kWh per month175 ton CO2 per year*
3000 m3 Gas: 24 000 kWh per month65 ton CO2 per year
100 householdsor
755 trees#
*Nuon energy mix # For annual uptake of 230 kg CO2 per tree.
Measureand
Switch
- Computers - Monitors- Copiers- Drinks- and candy machines- Lighting
16 March 2011
Energy-aware employees say saving energy is a logical future societal task for Liander
Word cloud from www.wordle.net based on interviews with employees
16 March 2011
1260 smart plugs on nearly all appliances and lighting measure energy use and save energy
NB: (1) Not measured: servers, phone system, air conditioning, emergy and fixed lighting.
Experiment(2 x 4 weeks)
Reference measurement(4 weeks)
1260 plugs on all pluggable1 appliances and lighting
Hourly usage in kWh
Usage analysis per appliance type- daily profiles- baseline energy usage- savings potential
Smart switching saves energy
Energy use Desktop computers
16 March 2011
Desktop computer42%
Overig10%
Koffiemachine4%
Snoepautomaat1%
Koelkast2%
Kopieermachine14%
Verlichting27%
9520
2280
Energy usage
Outside
During
Computers, lighting and copiers use 83% of the measured energy usage during office hours
We measure about 30% of the total energy use in the office
15 May – 12 June
11800 kWh
Lighting 27%
Computers 42%
Copiers 14%
Fridges 2%
Coffee Machine 4%
Candy Machine 1%
Other 10%
16 March 2011
Desktop computer40%
Overig19%
Verlichting8%
Kopieermachine17%
Koelkast8%
Snoepautomaat4%
Koffiemachine4%
9520
2280
Energy usage
Outside
During
15 May – 12 June
11800 kWh
40% of the energy usage outside office hours is due to computers and screens
Lighting 8%
Computers 40%
Copiers 17%
Fridges 8%
Coffee Machine 4%
Candy Machine 4%
Other 19%
Savings potential is 2280 kWh outside office hours
16 March 2011
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Snoep
auto
maa
t
Koffie
zeta
ppar
aat
Kopie
erm
achi
ne
Ventila
tor
Koelka
st
Was
mac
hine
Wat
erko
eler
Divers
e
Beam
er
Printe
r
Deskt
op co
mpu
ter
Scann
er
Oplad
er
Mon
itor
kWh
/ m
on
th
Outside Office Hours
During Office Hours
Candy and coffee machines use most energy individually; there is large saving potential outside office hours
Can
dy M
achi
ne
Cof
fee
Mac
hine
Cop
ier
Ven
tilat
ion
Frid
ge
Was
hing
Mac
hine
Wat
er c
oole
r
Oth
er
Bea
mer
Prin
ter
Com
pute
r
Sca
nner
Cha
rger
Mon
itor
16 March 2011
Smart switching leads to 13% energy savings; switching off computers would additionally save 5%
Smart switching appliances and lighting
Lighting8978
1314
Energy usage
9520
2280
Energy usage
Outside
During
15 May – 12 June
11800 kWh
September
10290 kWh
Reference Experiment
16 March 2011Word cloud from www.wordle.net based on interviews with employees
Employees call energy management pilot positive; hardly noticed energy management
16 March 2011
Improved contact with employees stimulates energy saving and improves troubleshooting of new system
- Information on the project (goal, status quo, helpdesk) hardly reaches employees, despite communication effort (flyers, e-mails)
- Measuring and saving energy requires insight into work place management during project
Pilotproject
Savingbehaviour
System
-Personal contact could stimulate insight and motivate employees to save energy
- Switching off PC’s after hours has strong savings potential, but is a hassle for employees due to long start up
- Fast installation of plugs requires accurate inventory and planning- Monitoring and maintenance of system requires external ICT-access: support from ICT-department is essential!
- Effective savings measures on lighting (light pulse) are hard to combine with wireless network that uses tension of light socket
16 March 2011
E-saving behaviour can contribute to energy saving; untapped potential in improved insight and
- Insight into total and relative energy usage required to enhance user experience and stimulate e-saving behaviour;
-Motivation of consumers and employees to save energy to be enhanced by ‘e-saving ambassadors’.
E-Savingbehaviour
ManagingEnergy
Use
-Offices have a strong nighttime electric energy saving potential;-Untapped potential in heating and air-treatment; -Building efficiency management to include motion detection, temperature and humidity sensors;
Stimulation of e-saving by feedback on electricity and heating energy use is tested now
16 March 2011
Future projects involve effective energy management and focus on user retention
Idea
Set up
Experiment
Future projects
Today
Evaluation Focus on User
Upgrade setup
Energy management pilot
