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2
Agenda Targets
Class 22 • 4/07/15
• Opener • None
• Turn in Opener
Journals
• 3/10-4/3
• Pass papers back
• Except Per. 2
• Intro to Genetics
• Know where grade is at this
point in time
• Understand grading rubric for
opener journals
• Gain insight to some facts and
fallacies of genetic traits
Slide
4Class 23
Opener 4/9/15
You have 10 minutes to complete.
Write in complete sentences.
Use piece of paper.
1.What molecule
controls genetic
traits?
2.Where do
individuals get
their traits from?
3.Give five
examples of
genetic dog traits.
Image A
Slide
5Class 23
Opener 4/9/15
1.What molecule controls
genetic traits?
Chromosomes,
DNA
2.Where do individuals
get their traits from?
Parents
3.Give five examples of
genetic dog traits.
Coat color, size, eye
color, fur type, tail
type, length of fur,
Image A
Slide
6
Agenda Targets
Class 23 • 4/09/15
• Opener
• Video: “Dogs & More
Dogs”
• Understand the role humans
play in modifying genetics in
domestic animals.
• Understand how a species can
have a variety of sub-species.
Slide
8Class 24
Opener 4/14/15You have 10 minutes to complete. Write in complete sentences. Use
piece of paper.
1.What is a monohybrid cross?
2. Using a Punnett Square cross two yellow seed
coat which are heterozygous.
Image A
3. Who is GregorMendel?
Slide
9
Agenda Targets
Class 24 • 4/14/15
• Opener
• Intro to Genetics
• PowerPoint Part I
• Monohybrid Cross
Practice I
• Understand who the historic
figures behind genetics are.
• Know what a monohybrid
cross is.
• Know the terms
heterozygous & homozygous
as related to genetics.
Slide
11Class 25
Opener 4/16/15
You have 10 minutes to complete.
Write in complete sentences. Use
piece of paper.
1.How many pea plant
traits did Gregor
Mendel work with?
2. Using a Punnett
Square cross a
heterozygous and a
homozygous recessive.
Image A
Slide
12
Agenda Targets
Class 25 • 4/16/15
• Opener
• Finish Monohybrid Cross
Practice I
• Web Activity
• Handout: Mendelian
Genetics Monohybrid Cross
Problem Set
• http://www.biology.arizona.e
du/mendelian_genetics/pro
blem_sets/monohybrid_cros
s/monohybrid_cross.html
• Understand who the historic
figures behind genetics are.
• Know what a monohybrid
cross is.
• Know the terms
heterozygous & homozygous
as related to genetics.
Slide
14Class 26
Opener 4/20/15Write in complete sentences. Use
composition book.
1. Draw a punnett square for a
P generation trait of pea plant
height (tall is dominant).
2. Using a punnett square
cross the ƒ1 generation of the
above cross (Q#1).
3. State the phenotypic and
genotypic ratios for the ƒ1
generation offspring (Q#2).
4. Cross a heterozygous
dominant flower with a white
flower.
5. What are the the phenotypic
and genotypic ratios #4
offspring?
Image A
Slide
15
Agenda Targets
Class 26 • 4/20/15
• Opener
• Dihybrid Cross Notes &
Practice
• Know what a monohybrid
cross is.
• Know the terms
heterozygous & homozygous
as related to genetics.
• Know what a dihybrid cross
is & be able to use a punnett
square to show such a cross.
• Be able to use the terms and
know the ratios for both
mono- and dihybrid crosses.
• Genotype
• Phenotype
Slide
16Homework Problem Due: 4/22/15
Mom DadHomozygous
Brown Eyes
Heterozygous
Brown Eyes
Dark Hair
Homozygous (per. 1 & 2)
Heterozygous (per. 3)
Blond Hair
Do a Punnett Square
Find Genotypes and Phenotypes and their ratios
*Blue eyes alternate to brown eyes
Slide
18Class 27
Opener 4/22/15Write in complete sentences. Use
composition book.
1. Draw a punnett square
for a ƒ1 generation
dihybrid cross for the
following traits:
a. Dimples
b. Ear Lobes
2. State the phenotypic
and genotypic ratios for
the ƒ2 generation
offspring.
3. What is incomplete
dominance?
Image A
Slide
19
Agenda Targets
Class 26 • 4/20/15
• Opener
• Homework Problem
review
• Mini Lecture
• Incomplete Dominance
• Guinea Pig Dihybrid
Cross Worksheet
• Know what a monohybrid
cross is.
• Know the terms
heterozygous & homozygous
as related to genetics.
• Know what a dihybrid cross
is & be able to use a punnett
square to show such a cross.
• Be able to use the terms and
know the ratios for both
mono- and dihybrid crosses.
• Genotype
• Phenotype
Slide
20Homework Problem
Mom DadHomozygous Brown Eyes* Heterozygous Brown Eyes*
EE x EeDark Hair Homozygous (per. 1
& 2)
Dark Hair Heterozygous (per.
3)
Blond Hair
HH x
Hhhh
Do a Punnett Square
Find Genotypes and Phenotypes and their ratios
*Blue eyes alternate to brown eyes
Slide
21Homework Problem
*Blue eyes alternate to brown eyes
Mom Dad
Homozygous Brown Eyes* Heterozygous Brown Eyes*
EE EeDark Hair Homozygous(per. 1 & 2)
Dark Hair Heterozygous (per.
3)
Blond Hair
HH (per. 1 & 2)
Hh (per. 3)hh
Gamete: EH (per. 1 & 2)
Gamete: EH, Eh (per. 3)Gamete: Eh, eh
Slide
22Homework Problem
Period 1 & 2 Period 3
ƒ2 EH Eh
Eh EEHh EEhh
eh EeHh Eehh
ƒ2 EH
EH EEHH
eh EeHh
Gametes:
EH x Eh, ehGametes:
EH, Eh x Eh, eh
Geneotypes: 1:1
EEHH, EeHh
Phenotypes:
All) Brown Eyes, Dark Hair
Geneotypes: 1:1:1:1
EEHh, EEhh, EeHh, Eehh
Phenotypes: 1:1
2) Brown Eyes, Dark Hair
2) Brown Eyes, Blond Hair
Slide
24Class 28
Opener 4/24/15Write in complete sentences. Use composition
book.
1. What are the ƒ1 genotypes?
2. Draw a punnett square for a
ƒ1 generation dihybrid cross
for the following traits:a. Tall (dwarf)
b. Smooth (wrinkled)
3. State the phenotypic and
genotypic ratios for the ƒ2
generation offspring.
4. Cross 2 pink four o’clock
flower with incomplete
dominance. What are the
genotypes and phenotypes?
Image A
Slide
25
1. Heterozygous for all traits.
2. Please see below.
3. Phenotypic ratios for the ƒ2 generation are: 9:3:3:1 The genotypic ratio is 1:1:2:2:4:2:2:1:1
4. Please see table below.
5. The phenotypes are red, pink, and white.
6. The genotypes are RR, Rr, and rr.
•
•
•
•
The phenotypic ratios for the ƒ2 generation are: 9:3:3:1 The genotypic ratio is 1:1:2:2:4:2:2:1:1
Please see table below.
The phenotypes are red, pink, and white.
The genotypes are RR, Rr, and rr.
Slide
26
Agenda Targets
Class 26 • 4/20/15
• Opener
• Guinea Pig Dihybrid
Cross Worksheet II
• Genetics Problems II
• Know what a monohybrid
cross is.
• Know the terms
heterozygous & homozygous
as related to genetics.
• Know what a dihybrid cross
is & be able to use a punnett
square to show such a cross.
• Be able to use the terms and
know the ratios for both
mono- and dihybrid crosses.
• Genotype
• Phenotype
Slide
28Class 29
Opener 4/28/15
Write in complete sentences.
Use composition book.
1. What are the ƒ1 expected
phenotypes of a monohybrid
cross of mouse coat color
(Image A)?
2. How is a heterozygous
monohybrid cross showing
dominance different from a
heterozygous monohybrid
cross with incomplete
dominance?
3. Cross 2 pink flowers with
incomplete dominance. What
are the genotypic and
phenotypic ratios??
Image A
Slide
29
1. Phenotype: Brown, White; 3:1.
2. There is a difference in phenotypic
ratio;
A. Dominance:
I. g ratio is 1:2:1
II. p ratio is 3:1
B. Incomplete
I. g ratio is 1:2:1
II. p ratio is 1:2:1
3. For incomplete incomplete
dominance
A. The phenotypes are red, pink, and
white.
B. The genotypes are RR, Rr, and rr.
The phenotypic ratios for the ƒ2 generation are: 9:3:3:1 The genotypic ratio is 1:1:2:2:4:2:2:1:1
Please see table below.
The phenotypes are red, pink, and white.
The genotypes are RR, Rr, and rr.
Slide
30
Agenda Targets
Class 29 • 4/28/15
• Opener
• Turn in Genetics
Problems II
• Activity:
• Genetic Probability Lab
• Matching expectant
outcomes with “reality”
• Know what a monohybrid cross is.
• Know the terms heterozygous & homozygous as related to genetics.
• Know what a dihybrid cross is & be able to use a punnettsquare to show such a cross.
• Be able to use the term allele
• Be able to use the terms and know the ratios for both mono- and dihybrid crosses.
• Genotype
• Phenotype
Slide
32Class 30
Opener 4/30/15
Write in complete sentences.
Use composition book.
1. What is the percent of the ƒ2
generation which is
heterozygous in a
monohybrid cross?
2. What is the percent of the ƒ2
generation which is
homozygous recessive in a
dihybrid cross?
3. How did your expected
outcomes of genetic crosses
compare to observed
outcomes?
Image A
Slide
33
• What is the
percent of the ƒ2
generation which
is heterozygous
in a monohybrid
cross?
• Monohybrid cross is one trait.
• ƒ2 generation is the second generation of offspring, the result of a ƒ1 (heterozygous) cross; Bb x Bb
• Genotype Results:• BB, Bb, bb
• Ratio 1:2:1
• BB 25%
• Bb 50%
• Bb 25%
• Phenotypic Results• Brown, Blue
• Ratio 3:1
• Brown 75%
• Blue 25%
ƒ1 B b
B BB25%
Bb25%
b Bb25%
Bb25%
Slide
34
1.What is the
percent of the ƒ2
generation which
is homozygous
recessive in a
dihybrid cross?
• A dihybrid cross is two traits.
• ƒ2 generation is the second generation of offspring, the result of a ƒ1 (heterozygous) cross; RrYy x RrYy
• Genotype Results:• Gametes: RY, Ry, rY,ry
• Ratio 1:1:2:2:4:2:2:1:1
• RRYY(1), RRYy (2), RrYY (2),
• RrYy (4), RRyy (1), Rryy (2),
• rrYY (1), rrYy (2), rryy (1)
• 1/16 = 6.25%
• Phenotypic Results• Round Yellow 56.25%
• Round Green 18.75%
• Wrinkled Yellow 18.75%
• Wrinkled Green 6.25%
• Ratio 9:3:3:1
Slide
35
Agenda Targets
Class 29 • 4/28/15
• Opener
• Finish Activity:
• Genetic Probability Lab
• Matching expectant
outcomes with “reality”
• Genetics II Notes
• Know what a monohybrid cross is.
• Know the terms heterozygous & homozygous as related to genetics.
• Know what a dihybrid cross is & be able to use a punnettsquare to show such a cross.
• Be able to use the term allele
• Be able to use the terms and know the ratios for both mono- and dihybrid crosses.
• Genotype
• Phenotype
Slide
37Class 31
Opener 5/1/15
Write in complete sentences.
Use composition book.
1. How many alleles control
blood types?
2. Create a punnett square of a
female with Type O blood
with a male who is
heterozygous for Type B
blood.
3. What are the phenotypes,
genotypes and their ratios?
Image A
Slide
38
1. How many alleles control blood types? 3
2. Create a punnettsquare of a female with Type O blood with a male who is heterozygous for Type B blood.
• Genotype Results:• BO, OO
• Ratio 1:1
• BO 5O%
• OO 50%
• Phenotypic Results• Type B 50%
• Type O 50%O O
B BO25%
BO25%
O OO25%
OO25%
Slide
39
Agenda Targets
Class 31 • 5/4/15
• Opener
• Genetics II Notes• Blood Types
• Sex-linked
• Be able to use heterozygous
& homozygous as related to
genetics.
• Be able to use a Punnett
square to show such a cross.
• Be able to use the term allele
• Be able to find the genotypic
and phenotypic ratios a
crosses.
• Create a cross for different:
• Blood types
• Sex-linked genes
Slide
41Class 32
Opener 5/6/15Write in complete sentences.
Use composition book.
1. Cross a white-eyed male
with a heterozygous female
fruit fly. Remember a fruit
fly’s eye color is sex-linked.
2. How many males would be
expected from Question 1
cross?
3. How do monohybrid
hetereozygous sex-linked
outcomes compare to
normal hetereozygous
Mendelian crosses?
Image A
Slide
42
• XR Xr
• Xr Y• Female Red• Female White• Male Red• Male White• 1:1:1:1
XR Xr
Xr XR Xr
25%Xr Xr
25%
YXR Y25%
Xr Y25%
Sex-linked
Cross a white-eyed male with a
heterozygous female fruit fly
Slide
43
• Rr x Rr
• RR 1, Rr 2, rr 1
• 1:2:1
• Red 3
• White 1
• 3:1
R r
RRR25%
Rr25%
rRr25%
rr25%
Hetereozygous Mendelian crosses
Cross two ƒ1 red heterozygous flowers.
Slide
44
•B: IBIB, IBi
•A: IAIA, IAi
•O: ii
•AB: IAIB
i i
IB IBi25%
IBi25%
i ii25%
Ii25%
Better Way to Write Blood Types
Female with Type O blood crossed with a
Male who is heterozygous for Type B blood.
Slide
46Class 33
Opener 5/8/15Write in complete sentences.
Use composition book.
1. Cross a red-eyed male with
a white-eyed fruit fly.
Remember a fruit fly’s eye
color is sex-linked.
2. How many males would be
expected from Question 1
cross?
3. What are the dihybrid ƒ2
genotypic and phenotypic
ratios?
Image A
Slide
47
•2) XR Xr
•2) Xr Y
•Female Red
•Male White
•1:1 or 50/50
Xr Xr
XR XR Xr
25%XR Xr
25%
YXr Y25%
Xr Y25%
Sex-linked
1.Cross a red-eyed male with a white-eyed
fruit fly. Remember a fruit fly’s eye color is
sex-linked.
Slide
48
Agenda Targets
Class 32 • 5/6/15
• Opener
• Genetics II Notes• Blood Types, Sex-linked, Linked,
Disorders
• Quiz.• Mendelian Genetics
• Punnett Squares
• Mono- & Dihybrid crosses
• Terms
• Incomplete Dominance
• Sex-linked
• Blood types
• Journals Due 4/7—5/8• 8 days, 16 pts.
• Be able to use heterozygous
& homozygous as related to
genetics.
• Be able to use a Punnett
square to show such a cross.
• Be able to use the term allele
• Be able to find the genotypic
and phenotypic ratios a
crosses.
• Create a cross for different:
• Blood types
• Sex-linked genes
Slide
49
• Go to class website
• Go to Quizzes & Tests page
• Click on http://socrative.com/
• Choose student
• Last name, first name
Genetics Quiz
http://socrative.com/
Room: 296186• You will need the Genetics Quiz Worksheet to
answer some of the questions in addition to
the Socrative site.
• Show all of your work and remember to write
down your genotypes & phenotypes.
Slide
52Class 33
Opener 5/12/15Write in complete sentences.
Use composition book
1. What will the children’s
phenotypes be if the
dominant traits are
heterozygous (list all
possibilities and their
corresponding numbers.
2. What will the children’s
phenotypes be if the
dominant traits are
homozygous (list all
possibilities and their
corresponding numbers).
Image AA young married couple want
to know what hair their
children might have. They
know that for color dark hair
is dominant over blond hair
and that curly hair is
dominant over straight hair.
The man has curly blond hair
and the woman has straight
dark hair. (Hint: first figure
out what the male’s and
female’s genes are)
Dominant Recessive
Dark hair Blond hair
Curly hair Straight hair
Mendelian
Slide
53
• Male Genotype: Ccdd
Female Genotype: ccDd
• Gametes: Cd, cd x cD, cd
• Genotypes: CcDd, ccDd,
Ccdd, ccdd; 1:1:1:1
• Phenotypes:
• 1 Curly Dark Hair,
• 1 Straight Dark Hair,
• 1 Curly Blond Hair,
• 1 Straight Blond Hair
Cd cd
cDCcDd
25%ccDd
25%
cdCcdd
25%
ccdd25%
Mendelian Genetics
1.What will the children’s phenotypes be if the
dominant traits are heterozygous (list all possibilities and their corresponding numbers.
Slide
54
• Male Genotype: CCdd
• Female Genotype: ccDD
• Gametes: Cd x cD
• Genotypes: CcDd
• Phenotypes: Curly Dark
Hair
Cd
cDCcDd100%
Mendelian Genetics
2. What will the children’s phenotypes be if the
dominant traits are homozygous (list all possibilities and their corresponding numbers).
Slide
55
Agenda Targets
Class 32 • 5/6/15
• Opener
• Return Journals, Papers
• Genetics II Notes• Blood Types, Sex-linked, Linked,
Disorders
• Be able to use heterozygous & homozygous as related to genetics.
• Be able to use a Punnett square to show such a cross.
• Be able to use the term allele
• Be able to find the genotypic and phenotypic ratios a crosses.
• Create a cross for different:
• Blood types
• Sex-linked genes
• Know most common genetic disorders
Slide
57Class 35
Opener 5/14/15Write in complete sentences.
Use composition book
1.Show the expected offspring of a F1 cross.
2.Carry out to the F2generation a cross between a homozygous plain red bird and its homozygous checkered brown mate.
3.A plain brown female pigeon laid five eggs. The young turned out to be: 2 plain red, 2 checkered red, and 1 checkered brown. Describe the father pigeon. Give the genotypes of all birds in this cross. Could any other types of offspring have been produced by this pair?
Image A
• In pigeons the
checkered pattern is
caused by a
dominant allele.
• A plain (non-
checkered) pattern
is recessive.
• Red color is also
caused by a
dominant allele and
brown color by a
recessive allele.
Mendelian
Slide
58
Show the expected offspring of a F1 cross. This is a cross of individuals which are heterozygous both traits, The genotypic results are… The phenotypic results are…
•A dihybrid cross is two traits.
•ƒ2 generation is the second
generation of offspring, the result of
a ƒ1 (heterozygous) cross;
PpRr x PpRrGenotype Results:
• Gametes: Pr, Pr, pR,pr
• Ratio 1:1:2:2:4:2:2:1:1
• PPRR(1), PPRr (2), PpRR (2),
• PpRr (4), PPrr (1), Pprr (2),
• ppRR(1), ppRr(2), pprr(1)
• 1/16 = 6.25%
•Phenotypic Results
• Checkered Red 56.25%
• Checkered Brown 18.75%
• Plain Red 18.75%
• Plain Brown 6.25%
• Ratio 9:3:3:1
PR Pr pR pr
PR PPRR PPRr PpRR PpRr
Pr PPRr PPrr PpRr Pprr
pR PpRR PpRr ppRR ppRr
pr PpRr Pprr ppRr pprr
Slide
59
• Male Genotype: PPrr
• Female Genotype: ppRR
• Gametes: pR x Pr
• Genotypes: PpRr
• Phenotypes: Checkered
Red Bird
pR
PrPpRr100%
Mendelian Genetics
2. Carry out to the F2 generation a cross
between a homozygous plain red bird and its
homozygous checkered brown mate.
Slide
60
Agenda Targets
Class 35 • 5/14/15
• Opener
• Genetics II Notes• Blood Types, Sex-linked, Linked,
Disorders
• Pedigrees
• Homework — family
traits
• Be able to use genetics
terms
• Create a cross for different:
• Blood types
• Sex-linked genes
• Know most common
genetic disorders
Slide
62
Write in complete sentences.
Use composition book
1. What is a pedigree?
2. How do you denote a
female and a male in
a pedigree?
3. Draw a male carrier
for a color blindness
as it appears in a
pedigree.
Class 35
Opener 5/18/15
Image B
Image A
Slide
63
Agenda Targets
Class 35 • 5/18/15
• Opener
• Pedigrees
• Homework — family
traits
• Create three pedigrees
from your list of family
traits.
•Be able to use genetics
terms
•Create a pedigree using
personal family traits
•Know most common
genetic disorders
Slide
65
Write in complete sentences. Use composition book
1. Draw a pedigree of a family with:a. Father’s parentsb. Mother’s brother & sister c. Mother is a middle childd. Father has two brotherse. There are five children, 3
are females. A male and a female is married.
f. Mother’s brother is married with two son & a daughter.
2. Is Image A an autosomal or X-linked problem?
3. For Image B how do you know if the afflicted trait is dominant or recessive?
Class 36
Opener 5/20/15
Image A
Image B
Slide
66
Write in complete sentences. Use composition book
1. Draw a pedigree of a family with:a. Father’s parentsb. Mother’s brother & sister c. Mother is a middle childd. Father has two brotherse. There are five children, 3
are females. A male and a female is married.
f. Mother’s brother is married with two son & a daughter.
2. Is Image A an autosomal or X-linked problem?
3. For Image B how do you know if the afflicted trait is dominant or recessive?
Class 36
Opener 5/20/15
Image A
Image B
Autosomal
• If the disorder is dominant, one of the
parents must have the disorder.
• If the disorder is recessive, neither parent has to have the disorder because they can be heterozygous.
• If most of the males in the pedigree
are affected the disorder is X-linked
• If it is a 50:50 ratio between men and
women the disorder is autosomal
Slide
67
Agenda Targets
Class 36 • 5/20/15
• Opener
• Pedigrees
• Finish creating your
three family traits
pedigrees
• Do page of pedigree
problems.
•Be able to use genetics
terms
•Create a pedigree using
personal family traits
•Know most common
genetic disorders
Slide
69
Write in complete sentences.
Use composition book
1. For Image A how do
you know if the
afflicted trait is
dominant or
recessive?
2. Is Image B an
autosomal or X-
linked problem?
3. How many
generations are
shown in these
images?
Class 37
Opener 5/22/15
Image A
Image B
Slide
70
Write in complete sentences. Use composition book
1. For Image A how do you know if the afflicted trait is dominant or recessive?
2. Is Image B an autosomal or X-linked problem?
3. How many generations are shown in these images?
4. What is the dihybrid ƒ1 cross’ offspring phenotypic ratio?
Class 36
Opener 5/20/15
Image A
Image B
Autosomal
• If the disorder is dominant, one of the
parents must have the disorder.
• If the disorder is recessive, neither parent has to have the disorder because they can be heterozygous.
• If most of the males in the pedigree
are affected the disorder is X-linked
• If it is a 50:50 ratio between men and
women the disorder is autosomal
Slide
71
Agenda Targets
Class 36 • 5/20/15
• Opener
• Unit Test
• Pedigree Worksheet
•Be able to use genetics
terms
•Create a pedigree using
personal family traits
•Know most common
genetic disorders
Slide
72
• Go to class website
• Go to Quizzes & Tests page
• Click on http://socrative.com/
• Choose student
• Last name, first name
Genetics Quiz
http://socrative.com/
Room: 296186• You will need the Genetics Quiz Worksheet to
answer some of the questions in addition to
the Socrative site.
• Show all of your work and remember to write
down your genotypes & phenotypes.
Slide
75
Write in complete sentences.
Use composition book
1. For Image A how do
you
Class 39
Opener 5/27/15
Image A
Image B