Site analysis

HISTORYof

M E L A K A

Early Malaya 1396• Sumatran Prince arrives from Temasek (Singapore) on a

hunting expedition and seeks sanctuary here. He gave the name Malacca

• It is situated at strategic point, midway along the straights that linked China to India

The Malay Fort• Constructed by indigenous Malay at the bottom of the hill,

which is the most prominent feature of Malacca• Fort was built for protection made of a system of earthworks

surrounded by wooden stockades

1511-1641 Portuguese era• Portuguese forces under the command of Alfonso de

Albuquerque attacked and defeated the armies of Malacca Sultanate.

• Local Malays lived scattered around the land, while the Portuguese took over the fort

• The wooden fort was reconstructed in 1511 after much damage. In 1511, the Portuguese began construction on a stone and mortar fort to replace wooden one. It was completed on the 1512.

• Bastions were built; St Pedro, St Domingos (Bastion Victoria), Santiago and Onze Mil Virgens and A’Famosa (in light red)

1641-1700 Dutch era• Dutch invaded Malacca after 8 month siege and battle on

the night of 13 January 1641 through the back door of St Domingo (Bastion Victoria)

• They rebuilt the city after much destruction of the battle• St Domingo was renamed to bastion Victoria• The Stadthuys (in light red) was built between 1641 to

1660 and was used ad the administrative center or successive governments

1700-1807 Dutch era• The Dutch built up many parts of the city, including

the system of roads.• In 1753, Christ Church (in light red) was built

alongside the Stadthuys• Population expanded and more houses and shops

were built outside the fort

1807-1957 British rule• British invaded Malacca and destroyed the fort• However, Malacca flourished under the ruling of the

British• Opening schools; Sacred Heart Canossian Convent in

Jalan Kota, and expanding the city which is now under the UNESCO

1957- Present Day• In 1957, Malaysia gained independence

from Britain • Malacca is an established city and is

administered by the Malacca City Council• Land reclamation was done due to

increasing population demands. • In 2008, Malacca was inscribed in the

UNESCO World Heritage List

ARCHITECTURAL

STYLE

Dutch Style 17th century – 18th century

Simple Facade Design

Limited Openings on upper floor

One center window or two symmetrical windows

Symmetrical facade design of centralized door and two

windows

Five foot way not connected to adjacent building

Materials: Walls

(Dutch Brick plastered with lime)

Roof (Timber)

Southern China Style (18th – Early 19th century)

Has lots of ornaments (To convey Luck, Direction, Seasons, The Wind and

Constellations

Has a courtyard

Strong emphasis on roof

Exposure of structural elements

Use of various colors

Materials: Walls (Brick plastered with lime)

Roof (Timber)

Early Shophouse Style 1800 – 1850s

Recessed ground floor

Simple pitched roof

Facade as a means of filling the space between two end walls

Upper floor facade supported by squat pillars

Continuous row of panelled or louvered shutters

Materials: Masonry dividing walls

Timber upper floors

Tiled roof

Early Transitional Style (1840 – 1900s)

Structures are built to street edge

Incorporate a five foot pedestrian walkway

Expressive gable ends to rows

Upper consoles enlarged and decorated with floral motifs

Row of continuous timber shutter openings

Materials: Masonry dividing walls

Timber upper floor

Tiled roof

Timber beams

Early Eclectic Style (1880 – 1910s)

Restrained use of ornaments on its facade

Doors and windows made of timber

Transoms are flat arched or semicircular with glass infill

Symmetrical double doors

Wide roof overhangs

Materials: Extensive use of masonry with reinforced concrete

lintels and beams

Timber upper floors

Tiled roof

Late Straits Eclectic Style (1920 – 1940s)

Excessive use of ornamentation

Extra windows reduce wall space and maximize

ventilation

Chinese panel frescoes combined with Malay timber

fretworks

More elaborate cantilevered details on facades

Materials: Extensive use of masonry

First floor timber fenestration and tiled

roof

Neo Classical Style

Sparing use of ornaments

Strict use of orders of architecture

Well proportioned

High ceilings and large porches

Painted in pastel or white finishing on exterior face of

building

Art Deco Style

Use of straight lines

Strong vertical or horizontal emphasis to structure

Windows are arranged in groups

Date of construction on facade of building

Use of metal frame window

Cantilevered sunshades

Materials: Reinforced concrete masonry

Early Modern Style

Radically ornamented

Simplified approach towards architecture

Clean cut openings

Aesthetics derive from simplicity

Materials: Reinforced Concrete

LAND USE

DISTRICT

COMMERCIAL

HOTEL

HEALTHCARE

EATERY

RELIGION

GALLERY & MUSEUM

ABANDON BUILDING

MIX-USED COMMERCIAL

RESIDENTIAL

GOVERNMENT

HERITAGE

HERITAGE

COMMERCIAL

RELIGION

RESIDENTIAL

MIX-USE

GOVERNMENT

VEHICULAR PATH

PEDESTRIAN PATH

LANDMARK

L o c a l ( M a l a c c a )

1

S t . F r a n c i s X a v i e r ’ s C h u r c h

R e d b u i l d i n g

T h e S t a d t h u y s

J o n k e r S t r e e t

1

2

2

3

3 4

4

C h i n a T o w n

L i t t l e I n d i a

5

6

5

6

LANDMARK

L o c a l ( M a l a y s i a )

1

C h i c k e n R i c e B a l l




1

2

2

3

3 4

4

S a n S h u G o n g

C h e n g H o ’ sC u l t u r a l M u s u e m

5

6

5

6

LANDMARK

T o u r i s t

1

S t . F r a n c i s X a v i e r ’ s C h u r c h




1

2

2

3

3 4

4

H a r d R o c k C a f e

T h e D u t c hG r a v e y a r d

5

6

5

6

1




1

2

2

3

3

1




1

2

2

3

3

D o m i n a n t L a n d m a r kS t . F r a n c i s X a v i e r ’ s C h u r c h

HUMAN ACTIVITIES

DAY TIME

32

1

1

2

3

MELAKA CLOCK TOWER

TOURIST START TO SWARM IN THE AREA AROUND

9AM DROPOFF

THE GATHERING POINT

3

4

2

1

DAY TIME

4

1

2

3

A CATHOLIC CHURCH THAT SERVE ON SUNDAY

PIGEON SPOT

TAKING PHOTO AROUNDTHE SITE

SHOP OF INDIAN CULTURAL FOOD

32

1

DAY TIME

1

2

3

PEOPLE VISITING CHENGHO’S MUSUEM

COLOURFUL WALLPAINTINGS

CYCLING ON THE UNESCO ZONE

4

3

4

2

1

1

2

3

DAY TIME

EXPLORING JONKERSTREET FOOD

BUYING CENDOL

CHIT CHATING AND DRINKING

STREET PERFORMANCE

3

2

1

1

2

3

NIGHT TIME

BABA NYONYA FOOD

OPEN KARAOKE FOROLD FOLK

TRAFFIC CONGESTION DURING ENTERING JONKER STREET

3

2

1

1

2

3

NIGHT TIME

HANGOUT PLACEDURING NIGHT`

TAKING A BOAT TRIPALONG SUNGAI MELAKA

HAVING A CANDLE DINNING ASIDE THE RIVER

NIGHT TIME

3

21

1

2

3

NIGHT LIFE ACTIVITYLIVE BAND SINGING

OKU PEOPLE SINGING

BECA ON THE ROAD FOR RENT

HUMAN DENSITY

NODES

WEEKDAYS8 A.M.

WEEKDAYS12 P.M..

WEEKDAYS4 P.M.

WEEKDAYS8 P.M.

WEEKDEND8 A.M.

WEEKDEND12 P.M.

WEEKDEND4 P.M.

WEEKDEND8 P.M.

SURVEYOR’S INTEREST

LOCAL ( BORN IN MELAKA OR MALAYSIA) NON - LOCAL ( TOURIST OVERSEA)

BASE ON THE SURVEYOR MADE, THE LOCALS HAVE MORE KNOWLEDGE ON FOOD CATEGORYWHEREBY TOURIST ARE MORE INTERESTED IN TRADITIONAL ACTIVITIES PROVIDED AROUND THE AREA.

TOURIST TEND TO BE MORE ADVENTURES TO EXPLOIT THE BEAUTY OF MALACCA AND HAVE THE LEAST COMPLAINS ABOUT THE INFRASTURCTURE THERE.

ISSUESBASE ON SURVEYER

NO BUS STOP

TRAFFIC CONGESTION

LACK OFPOLICE

LACK OFMAINTAINANCE

LACK OFPUBLIC TOILET

LACK OFCAR PARK

LOCAL RESIDENT

TOURISTS

USER DISTRIBUTION

Comparison of theHUMAN DENSITYbetween SITE & The STADTHUYS

PROPOSED PROGRAMME TO INCREASE HUMAN DENSITY

FOOD TRISHAW BISCYCLE STOP STREET PERFORMERS

VEGETATIONS

AQUILARIA SINENSIS

MELAKA TREE

HIBISCUS

BOUGAINVILLEA

ARROW BAMBOO

YELLOW LXORA FLOWER

AQUILARIA SINENSIS

MELAKA TREE

HIBISCUS

BOUGAINVILLEA

YELLOW LXORA FLOWER

ARROW BAMBOO

SITE

DOCUMENTATION

Boundary line

Set back

S W O T

Center Point-- strategic location –- leading to the core of

UNESCO Heritage

District Center Point betweena) Commercialb) Heritage/ historicalc) Government

Near to the main tourist attraction-- Jonker Street

STRENGTH

Limited Car Park Traffic Congestion-- Especially during weekends

Pigeons Nesting Habits-- Excretion, noise, smell

WEAKNESS

Involvement of Bastion Victoria ruins -- allow history and culture education to take place.

Secondary Entrance-- from the river

Focal/ starting point-- before entering UNESCO Heritage Core

OPPORTUNITY

Foundation and earth work might affect the soil stability near the river bank causing the river bank to collapse.

THREAT

VIEW TO SITE

DESIGNSTRATEGY

1. Bastion Victoria

Covered roof over bastion

Experience bastion through clear barriers

Suspended walkway over bastion ruins

Views to river and shop lots by designing overhangs Roof garden to view church

2. Views

3. Noises

Avoid noise pollution with vegetation Reduce noise pollution through green walls

Natural sunlight through courtyard Natural sunlight from skylight

4. Sunlight

Natural threat (birds) by providing bird pits and using flat roofs for easy maintenance

Natural ventilation through air well and large openings

5. Natural Ventilation

PRECEDENTSTUDY

KOLUMBA MUSEUM

Peter Zumthor

Legend:

1. Main Entrance

2. Foyer

3. Courtyard

4. Main Exhibition (Ruins

Excavation)

5. Former Vestry

6. Chapel Madonna Entrance

7. Chapel Madonna

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

A

Ground Floor Plan First Floor Plan Second Floor Plan

Section A-A

C C

A

A

B

B

C C

A

B

B

C C

A

B

B

Section B-B

Section C-C

Exhibition Space

Madonna Chapel

St. Columba’s Ruin

Exhibition Space

Buffer Space

Madonna Chapel

Moderna Museet MalmöTham & Videgå rd Architect

Front Elevation

Legend:1. Main Entrance2. Reception3. Cafe4. Hallway5. Exhibition Space6. loading Area / Exhibition Space7. Loading Area/ car8. Office9. Public Toilet

13

2

4

5 76

8

9C C

A

A

B

Old

New

Public

Private

Legend:

Axonometric

Cross Section

Longitudinal Section

Cafe

Facade

Toilet

Office

1100

0

CONCLUSION

ARCHITECTURAL POSITION

P R O G R A M M E I N T R O D U C E D

E d u c a t i o n

C u l t u r e

T o C r e a t e A w a r e n e s s- P r e s e r v e & C u l t i v a t e

B a s t i o n V i c t o r i a- S i t e P r e s e r v a t i o n

S p r e a d T h r o u g h o u t R e g i o n a l a n d N a t i o n a l

O u t r e a c h I n t e r n a t i o n a l l y

P R O P O S A L B U I L D I N G T Y P E

M u s e u m C o m m u n i t y C e n t r e A r c h i v e / L i b r a r y

S C H E D U L E O F A C C O M M O D A T I O N

2 0 0 m 2

L e a r n i n g C e n t r e

1 0 0 m 2

G a l l e r y

5 0 0 m 2

P u b l i c G a t h e r i n gS p a c e

2 5 0 m 2

L i b r a r y / R e s e a r c h

U S E R G R O U PT o u r i s t + L o c a l ( M a l a y s i a n ) – 6 4 %

L e c t u r e H a l l

1 0 0 m 2

W o r k e r s o n S i t e – 2 7 %

L o c a l s ( M a l a c c a ) – 9 %

THANK YOU

T E A M M U N I N N

b y

Education

Site analysis