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American Nation Chapter 9 section 3
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9.3 Political Parties Emerge
9.3 Political Parties Emerge
Big Idea...Big Idea...
Why did many Americans distrust the idea of political parties?
Why did many Americans distrust the idea of political parties?
Essential QuestionEssential Question
How did the views of Hamilton and Jefferson differ?
How did the views of Hamilton and Jefferson differ?
Guiding Questions….Guiding Questions….
Why did political parties develop?
Why did political parties develop?
Guiding Questions….Guiding Questions….
How did the election of 1796 increase political tensions?
How did the election of 1796 increase political tensions?
Basis of economy/Federalist (1)
Basis of economy/Federalist (1)
Manufacturing and trade
Manufacturing and trade
Basis of economy/ DR (5)
Basis of economy/ DR (5)
FarmingFarming
Federal or state powers/
Federalist (2)
Federal or state powers/
Federalist (2)The federal government has more power than state governments
The federal government has more power than state governments
Federal or state powers/DR (6)
Federal or state powers/DR (6)
Federal government as small as possible
Federal government as small as possible
Constitution/Federalist (3)
Constitution/Federalist (3)
looseloose
Constitution/ DR (7)Constitution/ DR (7)
StrictStrict
Foreign Policy/Federalist (4)
Foreign Policy/Federalist (4)
Pro-BritishPro-British
Foreign Policy/DR(8)
Foreign Policy/DR(8)
Pro-FrenchPro-French
Distrust of Political Parties
Distrust of Political PartiesAmericans had seen
how factions, or opposing groups within parties, worked in Britain. Members of factions were often more interested in personal gain than in public good.
Americans had seen how factions, or opposing groups within parties, worked in Britain. Members of factions were often more interested in personal gain than in public good.
Distrust of Political Parties
Distrust of Political Parties
Political parties could be a threat to national unity. They could lead to “jealousies and false alarms.”
Political parties could be a threat to national unity. They could lead to “jealousies and false alarms.”
Different Views ofHamilton and JeffersonDifferent Views of
Hamilton and Jefferson
Issue: Manufacturing or FarmingIssue: Manufacturing or Farming
Hamilton: Thought the government should encourage manufacturing and trade. Favored cities and merchants.
Hamilton: Thought the government should encourage manufacturing and trade. Favored cities and merchants.
http://www.c-span.org/video/?182637-1/hamiltonburr-duel-200th-anniversary
http://www.c-span.org/video/?182637-1/hamiltonburr-duel-200th-anniversary
Aaron BurrAaron Burr
2-6-17569-14-1836
2-6-17569-14-1836
Weehawken, New Jersey,Weehawken, New Jersey,On July 11, 1804, the enemies met outside at the same spot where Hamilton's son had died. Both men fired, and Hamilton was mortally wounded by a shot right above the hip.
On July 11, 1804, the enemies met outside at the same spot where Hamilton's son had died. Both men fired, and Hamilton was mortally wounded by a shot right above the hip.
Alexander HamiltonAlexander Hamilton
1-11-17557-12-1804
1-11-17557-12-1804
Issue: Manufacturing or FarmingIssue: Manufacturing or Farming
Jefferson: Thought farmers were the
backbone of the nation. Feared manufacturing would concentrate power in the hands of a few wealthy Americans.
Jefferson: Thought farmers were the
backbone of the nation. Feared manufacturing would concentrate power in the hands of a few wealthy Americans.
Issue: Federal or State powerIssue: Federal or State powerHamilton: Federal government
should have greater power than state governments. A strong federal government would increase commerce and keep the peace.
Hamilton: Federal government
should have greater power than state governments. A strong federal government would increase commerce and keep the peace.
Issue: Federal or State powerIssue: Federal or State powerJefferson: A small federal
government would protect individual freedom. A strong federal government might take over powers the Constitution gave to the states.
Jefferson: A small federal
government would protect individual freedom. A strong federal government might take over powers the Constitution gave to the states.
Issue: Interpretation of the U.S. Constitution
Issue: Interpretation of the U.S. Constitution
Hamilton: Preferred a loose interpretation of the Constitution. Believed the Constitution gave Congress the power to make all laws “necessary and proper” to carry out its duties. The Bank of the United States was necessary.
Hamilton: Preferred a loose interpretation of the Constitution. Believed the Constitution gave Congress the power to make all laws “necessary and proper” to carry out its duties. The Bank of the United States was necessary.
Issue: Interpretation of the U.S. ConstitutionIssue: Interpretation of the U.S. Constitution
Jefferson: Preferred a strict interpretation. Any power not specifically given to the federal government belonged to the states. The Bank of the United States was unconstitutional, or not permitted by the Constitution.
Jefferson: Preferred a strict interpretation. Any power not specifically given to the federal government belonged to the states. The Bank of the United States was unconstitutional, or not permitted by the Constitution.
Why Political Parties Developed
Why Political Parties Developed
Hamilton and Jefferson clashed in private.
Jefferson and James Madison decided to organize the supporters of their views. They met with leading New York politicians.
Hamilton and Jefferson clashed in private.
Jefferson and James Madison decided to organize the supporters of their views. They met with leading New York politicians.
Why Political Parties Developed
Why Political Parties Developed
Leaders in other states organized to support either Hamilton or Jefferson. Jefferson’s supporters called themselves Democratic Republicans. Hamilton’s supporters were called Federalists.
Newspapers began to take sides.
Leaders in other states organized to support either Hamilton or Jefferson. Jefferson’s supporters called themselves Democratic Republicans. Hamilton’s supporters were called Federalists.
Newspapers began to take sides.
Election of 1796Election of 1796
Republican Candidates:Thomas Jefferson for PresidentAaron Burr for Vice President
Election of 1796Election of 1796
Federalists Candidates:• John Adams for President• Thomas Pinckney for Vice President
Federalists Candidates:• John Adams for President• Thomas Pinckney for Vice President
Amendment
Amendment
12th -1804
22- 1951
12th -1804
22- 1951
Formative AssessmentFormative Assessment
One issue the first political parties clashed over was...
One issue the first political parties clashed over was...
a) which should be stronger—the central government or the state governments.b) whether the United States should expand beyond its original borders.c) whether George Washington should be permitted to retire.
a) which should be stronger—the central government or the state governments.b) whether the United States should expand beyond its original borders.c) whether George Washington should be permitted to retire.
Formative AssessmentFormative Assessment
In 1796, the person with the most votes became President, and the person with the second highest number of votes became Vice President. One problem this caused in the election of 1796 was that...
In 1796, the person with the most votes became President, and the person with the second highest number of votes became Vice President. One problem this caused in the election of 1796 was that...
a) candidates for President and Vice President had to run together on the same ticket.b) the views of the opposing candidates were the same.c) the people chosen as President and Vice President were from opposing parties.
a) candidates for President and Vice President had to run together on the same ticket.b) the views of the opposing candidates were the same.c) the people chosen as President and Vice President were from opposing parties.