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STEM Mom facilitates discussion among teachers at Princeton University during their annual YSAP (Young Science Achievers Program) event. [April 20, 2013] This event is for teachers who already implement student research and who are highly successful in encouraging students to DO science, integrated with TEM! This is the powerpoint used during our full-day workshop.
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Student Research Dr. Darci J. HarlandAuthor of the STEM Student Research HandbookYSAP @ Princeton UniversityApril 20, 2013
During Our Time TogetherFind Someone Who…STEM Student Research HandbookWhat is STEM?Defining InquiryNew Generation Science StandardsYou’re Turn: Challenges and
If you tweet about today’s event use hashtag #hsresearch
Find Someone Who…
The STEM Student Research Handbook
Included in the Handbook
Written to the studentTeacher cues withinChapter Question & ApplicationSample Rubrics
Groups, Technology, & Literacy
Tips for working in student groups
Suggestions for technology use
Literacy Aspects
Introduce Google Drive for sharing & collaborationWord DocumentsExcel spreadsheets
Assignments Proposal (Word)Data recording (Excel)
Defining STEMThe buzz word defined.
Welcome
What is STEM?
Welcome
Anatomy, astronomy, biology, botany, chemistry, earth science, geology, physics, and zoology.
Welcome
A) Tools used to build, create, and design, mechanical and digitalB) Digital teaching & learning
Welcome
Bioengineering, materials engineering, mechanical, environmental, civil, agricultural, optical, biomedical…
Welcome
Measurements, calculations, statistics; The language & tool of “STE.”
Welcome
?
Welcome
?
Science teaching is…Supporting students as they ask good questions, and use STEM tools to find answers to STEM related issues.
Focusing students on solving problems in context of something with which they can relate; students learn facts along the way.
The Truth About InquiryWhat you know…but many do not!
Misconceptions about Inquiry Inquiry is not…the same as “Hands-On.”
Students don’t need background information before they can begin learning.
Lab Reports and post lab questions are not usually Inquiry.
Its NOT Inquiry if… students know what results they are supposed to get.
the question and steps are predetermined for students.
the teacher is working harder than the students.
Demo-nstration
Activity Teacher-Initiated
Student-Initiated
Posing the Question
Teacher Teacher Teacher Student
Planning the Procedure
Teacher Teacher Student Student
Formulating the Results
Teacher Student Student Student
From: D. Llewellyn. 2002. Inquiry within: Implementing inquiry-based science standards. Thousand Oaks, Corwin Press.
An interview I did for NSTA regarding my book.
Levels of Inquiry
New Generation Science Standards & Framework
Nature of ScienceEngineering DesignScience, Technology, Society, & Environment
Best of the BestLet’s share what teaching and learning strategies work for each phase of the research process.
Phases of the Research Process
① Getting a topic② Finding mentors & materials③ Developing a Sound Research Design④ Background Research and Note taking⑤ Writing hypotheses and procedures⑥ Organizing a lab notebook⑦ Data collection (quantitative/qualitative)⑧ Statistics & Graphics⑨ Scientific Writing⑩ Oral Presentation of Research
For Your Assigned Phase Biggest challenge for students in this
phase:
Biggest challenge for teachers teaching this phase:
Ways to teach, support, and facilitate students during this phase:
Tips for teachers and things NOT to do during this phase:
For Research Design Phase (example)
Biggest challenge for students in this phase: Narrowing variable to be tested & constants
Biggest challenge for teachers teaching this phase: Focusing students’ excitement into a testable idea
Ways to teach, support, and facilitate students during this phase: Provide examples (pg. 33), Available tools (pgs. 6-
8) Tips for teachers and things NOT to do during
this phase: Allow them to conduct an experiment that you’ve
not approved.
Assess my Google Doc Go to http://www.STEMmom.org Click on the image there
This will allow all of us to compile a document of the best of the best.
Let’s Form Our Groups① Getting a topic② Finding mentors & materials③ Developing a Sound Research Design④ Background Research and Note taking⑤ Writing hypotheses and procedures⑥ Organizing a lab notebook⑦ Data collection (quantitative/qualitative)⑧ Statistics & Graphics⑨ Scientific Writing⑩ Oral Presentation of Research
For Your Assigned Phase Biggest challenge for students in this
phase:
Biggest challenge for teachers teaching this phase:
Ways to teach, support, and facilitate students during this phase:
Tips for teachers and things NOT to do during this phase:
Research Brain Blitz One group stays seated; the
other group will rotate 5 minutes to pick the brain of
your partner & to have your brain picked
Back In Your Phase Group Update your group’s thoughts Update Google Doc Determine how you’ll share
your findings with the group
Phases of the Research Process
Getting a Research Topic
Getting A Research Topic
www.TED.com
www.popsci.com
www.scientificamerican.com
dsc.discovery.com/tv-shows/mythbusters
www.scistarter.com
Search “Citizen Science”
Getting A Research Topic
Refine The Topic Idea
Harland, D.J. (2013) “The Devils in the Deadlines: Planning a Long-Term Research Project.” The Science Teacher, 80(1), 44-48.
Setting Deadlines
Sample Deadlines Focusing Preliminary Research Ideas
(SH#1) Research Design Table (SH#2) Background Research Questions
(SH#3) Evidence of library background
research Writing Hypotheses (SH#4) Research Proposal Organizing Laboratory Notebook
Sample Deadlines (cont.)
Evidence of Data Collection Organize Data into Tables &
Graphs Peer Editing of data tables &
graphs (SH#5) Rough Draft of Paper Peer Editing of Paper (SH#6) Oral Presentation
Finding Mentors & Materials
Drafting the Mentor EmailProper TitleExplanation of Student
BackgroundClear Identification of Need (time,
scope, level)Reference to Published WorkPreviewedMonitored
School Email Only Mentoring Guidelines Safety Protocol Permissions
Consider the tools…
Developing a Sound Research Design
Cost Analysis“Grocery List”
MaterialsConsumablesNon-consumablesVendor ComparisonCollaborative Bargaining Fund Management
Fundraising – Blog Event Sponsor
Background Research and Taking Notes
Writing across the curriculum Science teachers teaching library
research skills? Science teachers teaching note taking
skills? Science teachers teaching writing skills?
Talk to English department Work within the methods they use Documentation style (MLA/APA) & note
taking strategies
Confidence to Teach Literacy
Continue in Background Research
vs.
Identifying reliable resources Free Open Access
Scholarly research articles for free! See pg. 39 for a listing
Read-Read-Read & Take Organized Notes…
www.endnote.com
www.EasyBib.com
www.NoodleTools.com
Efficient Note Taking
Write 5 overarching questions to answer Entity Independent variable Dependent variable Connections between the 2
variables
My Note Taking System
References are Recorded on a single sheet
My Note Taking System
Notes are organized by 5 background questions.
Using a Wiki for Grading
Writing Hypotheses & Proposals
Hypothesis Writing
Wikis Easily editable webpages Multiple contributors Upload files and images Tabs “behind the page”
History-who made what edits Discussion
Using Google Drive for Grading
Google Drive: Revision History
Sample Wiki Homepage
Editing a Wiki
Tone of Feedback Oral and Written Supportive and Encouraging Find positive things to say/write. Don’t give them changes to
make, ask them more questions.
Types of Feedback Checking for understanding Checking for completion Do Until Accepted (DUA) Class Brainstorming Peer Editing
Lab Note BookTeaching accurate record keeping
Lab Notebook Record of
Observed changes Record of measurements Graphical Data Label sketches/photos
Write procedures Calculating Analyzing results
Lab Notebook Develop Tables for Recording
Data Quantitative (#) Qualitative (descriptions)
Pay Attention to the Details Monitor and record the influence of external variables
Keep pH, temperature, humidity, light, evaporation rate, etc… the SAME if this is not what you are testing.
+Observations vs. Inferences
A possible explanation for an observation
Your perception of what is happening.
Can change with additional data
Measurements. A record of what
is seen, heard, smelled, felt, or tasted.
Facts that can not be argued or changed.
Data Collection
Google Drive: Data Collection (Excel)
+Recording Observations & Inferences
Statistics & Graphs
+Descriptive vs. Inferential Stats Calculations that
describe the data Highlight the most
typical values in a set of data
Examples: Central tendency;
mean, median, mode
Range Standard
deviation Variance
Calculations that determine whether differences between groups are due to chance or to the treatment
Determines if results are statistically significant
Examples: t-tests ANOVA Chi-Square Correlation
What do the Data Mean?
1. What is true about my data? What new questions come from the data?
2. How do the data describe the relationship between the two variables?
IV DV
What do the Data Mean?
Did the change I make (IV), cause the effect I measured (DV)?
IV DV
Yes….why?
No….why?
What do the Data Mean?
3. Do the data support the hypothesis?
Proved Supported
How strongly do the data support the results?
If no connection….why?
What do the Data Mean?
Scientific Writing
Scientific Writing
Similar to writing in English class Proper grammar & spelling Topic Sentences & paragraph
organization Transition words for organization
Different than writing in English class Succinct writing is preferable
Passive vs. Active VoiceVoice & Pronoun Sample Sentence
Active Voice 1st Person (Future tense)
“I will remove the ball bearing.”
Active Voice1st Person (Past tense)
“I removed the ball bearing.”
Passive VoiceNo pronoun (Future tense)
“The ball bearing will be removed.”
Passive VoiceNo pronoun (Past tense)
“The ball bearing was removed.”
2nd PersonDirective
“Remove the ball bearing.”(Assumed You)
Oral Presentations& Publications
Student Publishing
Journal of Experimental Secondary Science (JESS)
Journal of Emerging Investigators (JEI)
Failure is Totally
An Option!
CollaborationMust be
Modeled & Taught
Two Key Ideas
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