Structures within cells

Cells are like factories!

Mitochondria

• Releases energy from food

The Power Plant• where the factory’s power comes from

Ribosomes

• Produces proteins used by the body for growth and repair

Microscopic factories• Produce products

Lysosomes

• Gets rid of wastes from the cell

Garbage disposal units• where wastes and other unwanted materials

are collected and broken down

Endoplasmic Reticulum• Forms pathways that allow materials to move

quickly and easily through the cell• Also involved in packaging of proteins to be

“shipped” to the Golgi body• Makes lipids (fats) and breaks down harmful

substances

The Assembly Line • where products are made and

packaged/substances are broken down

Cytoplasm• A watery, jelly-like mixture that contains many

smaller parts where the work of the cell takes place

Factory Floor• space within the factory where products are

made and business is conducted

Nucleus

• The control centre of the cell. • It controls all the chemical reactions in the

cell, how the cell develops and how it reproduces

Main Office• the control center of the factory

Cell Membrane

• Regulates what enters and leaves the cell

Shipping and Receiving• controls what comes in and what goes out in

the factory

Vacuole

• Stores nutrients, water and waste

Warehouse• where materials are stored

Cell wall(Plant cells only)

• The cell’s skeleton.• It helps the cell to stay upright and keep its

shape

The walls of the factory• Gives the factory structure

Chloroplast(Plant cells only)

• Photosynthesis takes place in chloroplasts

Solar panels • Use light from the sun to make energy

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

Membrane at work experiment

1. Make a concentrated salt solution by adding a tablespoon of salt to 250mL of distilled water.

2. Label the two glass jars ‘salt water’ and ‘distilled water’.

3. Measure out 200mL distilled water and pour it into the container labelled ‘distilled water’.

4. Measure out 200mL of the salt water and add it to the container labelled ‘salt water’.

5. Carefully remove the eggs from the vinegar and rinse them. Pat dry with paper towel.

6. Use a balance to determine the mass of each egg and record the mass in a table like the one shown in the Results section.

7. Place one egg in each container of water and put on the lid or cover with plastic wrap.

8. Each day, for the next 3 days, measure and record the mass of the egg.

9. Predict what you think will happen to the eggs. Record your prediction.

10. On day 3 measure and record the volume of the water remaining in each of the containers.

Safety

• Be responsible and follow instructions carefully

• Ask for help if you need it