USAGE DU SUBJONCTIFFRE 251

Tous les usages

Will & Desire: The subjunctive is used in dependent clauses after expressions of will and desire whenever there are two different subjects in the two clauses linked by the subordinating conjunction que.

Emotion: The subjunctive is used after expressions of emotion and opinion. Remember that the subjunctive is found in the subordinate clause of sentences that contain a change of subject from the main clause to the subordinate clause.

Tous les Usages (2)

Opinion: impersonal expressions of opinion. Remember that impersonal expressions always have 'il' as the subject.

One Subject: If expressions of emotion or opinion have only one subject throughout the sentence, then the preposition de + infinitive replaces que + subjunctive (See ways to avoid the subjunctive).

Will (volonté) & Desire

aimer que, to like that ... (J’aimerai que tu fasses tes devoirs)

préférer que, to prefer that ...

aimer mieux que, to prefer that ...

attendre que, to wait, expect that ...

désirer que, to desire that ...

exiger que, to require that ...

souhaiter que, to hope that ...

vouloir que, to want that ...

vouloir bien que, to be willing that ...

Note however that espérer (to hope) is an exception and is followed by the indicative.

Exercices

1. Kathryn wants Patrick to do the dishes. Kathryn veut que Patrick fasse la vaiselle. 2. Paul and John prefer that we drive the car. Paul et Jean préfèrent que nous conduisions la

voiture. 3. She tells me that I do the dishes. Elle me dit que je fais la vaiselle. 4. You (plur) want that they (fem) go in Monaco? Vous voulez qu’elles aillent à Monaco? 5. We hope that you will be there. Nous espérons que vous serez là.

Emotion

être content(e) que, to be happy that

être impatient(e) que, to be impatient that

être heureux(/se) que, to be happy that

être désolé(e) que, to be sorry that

être ravi(e) que, to delighted that

regretter que, to regret that

se réjouir que, to rejoice, celebrate that

être mécontent(e) que, to be unhappy that

craindre que, to fear that être malheureux(/se) que,

to be unhappy that redouter que, to fear that être triste que, to be sad

that avoir peur que, to fear

that être surpris(e) que, to be

surprised that être étonné(e) que, to be

surprised that

Exercices

1. I fear (craindre) that the exam is hard. Je crains que l’examen soit difficile. 2. He is happy that you are coming! Il est heureux que tu viennes! 3. We are delighted that the coffee has cream. Nous sommes ravis que le café ait de la crème. 4. I know that the cat is black Je sais que le chat est noir. 5. We (fem) are sorry that you cannot come Nous sommes désolées que tu ne puisses pas

venir.

Exercices

6. Are you surprised that Alain sleeps? Es-tu surpris(e) qu’Alain dorme? 7. Beatrix regrets that you (plur) do not want to

pay. Béatrice regrette que vous ne vouliez pas payer. 8. We are sad that Obama finishes his mandate Nous sommes tristes qu’Obama finisse son

mandat. 9. They rejoice that Christ comes back. Ils se réjouissent que Christ revienne.

Opinion