SOCIAL INTEGRATED PROJECT

Sugar is the generalized name for a class of sweet-flavored substances used as food.Sugar has been produced in the Indian subcontinent since ancient times. It was not plentiful or cheap in early times and honey was more often used for sweetening in most parts of the world. Originally, people chewed raw sugarcane to extract its sweetness.

introduction

Leading producers of sugar

CountryProduction (Tons)

 Brazil 672,157,000

 India 285,029,000

 People's Republic of China

116,251,272

 Thailand 66,816,400

 Pakistan 50,045,400

 Mexico 49,492,700

 Colombia 38,500,000

 Philippines 32,500,000

 Australia 30,284,000

 Argentina 29,000,000

 World 1,743,068,525

Brazil is the largest producer of sugar in the world, and then next comes the India with more than 450 mills and produces 285,029,000 tons but India stands no 1 in the production of Gur and Khandsari and then next comes the china .

Sugarcane producing areas

in the world

sugarcane producing areas in

India

After the cane arrives at the mill yards, it is mechanically unloaded, and excessive soil and rocks are removed. The cane is cleaned by flooding the carrier with warm water ,that pass through strong jets of water and combing drums. At this point, the cane is clean and ready to be milled. The vapors from one body can thus boil the juice in the next one, a method called multiple-effect evaporation. Next, the syrupy solution is vacuum-crystallized to form sugar crystals. The remaining liquid is removed using centrifugaling and drying, and the sugar is packaged.

Manufacturing of sugar

Bagasse :- obtained as a by-product of sugar cane processing, is composed of fibre, pith, non-soluble solids and water,95% of bagasse is used as fuel. Pulp and paper, boards, furfural and animal feeds are among the main products obtained from bagasse

Ethanol :-

.

By products

It is also a by product of sugar manufacture and it is mainly used as alcohol and for the purpose of fuel

Sugarcane industries is seasonal in nature so, it is ideally suited to the cooperative sector. sugarcane is usually grown as a secondary crop as its industrial demand is very seasonal.

Sugar- cooperative

sector

Production areasIn India the major sugar cane producing areas are Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra ,Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh,, Orissa, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil nadu, and West Bengal.

sugar factories are situated only in the cane growing areas and almost within 25 kms distance from the sugarcane farms. However, proportion of area under sugar cane production is small relatively. As such, sugar factories are highly dispersed even in those areas that have an appreciable hectare under cane.

Ideal place for sugar mills

Growth promotional activitiesThe Indian government has announced their intention to fully liberate sugar sector in phases. Setting up of futures / forward market in sugar and has given approval to three exchanges for the purpose of forward trading -

To boost the export of sugar from the country the policy allows free export of sugar and factories can also undertake export of raw sugar in addition to mill white sugar.The Govt. has decided to deferment benefit of adjustment of releases of free sale sugar made for export purposes from 12 months to 18 months. Also the taskforce for the Tenth Plan has rightly stated that there is a need to improve the sub optimal capacity of many sugar mills in the country and that emphasis should given for sugarcane productivity rather than to target increase in area under the cane crop.