©2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart

18-1

SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION

Discuss the systems implementation and conversion process and the activities in this phase.

©2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart

18-2

Systems Implementation

Systems implementation is the process of installing hardware and software and getting the AIS up and running.

©2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart

18-3

Systems ImplementationImplementation planning

Completedocumentation

Develop andtest software

programs

Conversion

Prepare site;install and

test hardware

Selectand trainpersonnel

Test system

©2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart

18-4

Systems Implementation: Implementation Planning

An implementation plan consists of implementation tasks, expected completion dates, cost estimates, and the person or persons responsible for each task.

Planning should include adjustments to the company’s organizational structure.

©2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart

18-5

Systems Implementation: Develop and test software programsSeven steps are followed when developing

and testing software programs.1. Determine user needs.

2. Develop a plan.

3. Write program instructions (code).

4. Test the program.

5. Document the program.

6. Train program users.

7. Install and use the system.

©2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart

18-6

Systems Implementation: Site Preparation

A PC requires little site preparation. A large system may require extensive

changes, such as additional electrical outlets.

Site preparation should begin well in advance of the installation date.

©2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart

18-7

Systems Implementation: Select and train personnel

Employees can be hired from outside the company or transferred internally.

Effective AIS training should include employees’ orientation to new policies and operations.

Training should occur before systems testing and conversion.

©2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart

18-8

Systems Implementation:Complete Documentation

Three types of documentation must be prepared for new systems.

1. Development documentation

2. Operations documentation

3. User documentation

©2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart

18-9

Systems Implementation: Test the System

There are three common forms of testing.

1. Walk-through

2. Processing of test transactions

3. Acceptance tests

©2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart

18-10

Systems Implementation: Conversion

There are four conversion approaches.

1. Direct conversion

2. Parallel conversion

3. Phase-in conversion

4. Pilot conversion

©2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart

18-11

Systems Implementation

Old system

New system

Direct Conversion Method

©2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart

18-12

Systems Implementation

Old system New system

Parallel Conversion Method

©2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart

18-13

Systems Implementation

Phase-in Conversion Method

Old system

New system

©2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart

18-14

Systems Implementation

Pilot Conversion Method

1 2 3 31 2

33 22 11

Old Old Old Old Old New

Old New New New New New

©2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart

18-15

Systems Implementation: Data Conversion

Data files may need to be modified in three ways:

1. Files may be moved to a different storage

2. Data content may be changed

3. File format may be changed

©2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart

18-16

Operation and Maintenance

The final step in the SDLC is to operate and maintain the new system.

A postimplementation review should be conducted on a newly installed system.

Operation andmaintenance

Implementationand conversion

©2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart

18-17

Operation and MaintenanceWhat are some factors to consider during the postimplementation review?

Goals and objectives

Satisfaction

Benefits

Costs

Reliability

Documentation

Timeliness

Controls and security

Errors

Training

Communications

Organizational changes

Accuracy

Compatibility