TECH2002 Studies in Digital TechnologyAndrew ClayLecture Slides Week 17Interaction: relating to others – participation and collaboration

Don’t Forget the Module Social Media Tools for Collaboration, Sharing and Participation

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• Microblog – ‘what are you doing right now?’

• Tumblelog – simple multimedia blog

• Module social network on Ning

• Facebook group

Social Media valuesSocial Media• Openness• Participation• Conversation• Community • Connectedness

Anthony Mayfield (2007)

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Participate

• To take part• To share something• To involve oneself• To have a hand in• To be involved with others• Media• From audience to user (user-generated content,

online games, virtual worlds, social networks, mobile phones)

Collaborate

• To work together• Joint effort• Co-operation• Achievement of common goals• Media• (social software such as wikis, social

networks, virtual worlds, online games, mobile phones)

New Media Culture• 4 main categories of new media (McQuail, 2005)• Interpersonal communication media (email,

mobile phones)• Interactive play media (videogames, VR)• Information search media (web)• Collective participatory media (the internet, web)

Convergence Culture

• ‘You are now entering convergence culture’ (Jenkins, 2006, p.23)

• ‘...where old media and new media collide, where grassroots and corporate media intersect, where the power of the media producer and the power of the media consumer interact in unpredictable ways’ (pp.259-260)

Jenkins (2006) Convergence Culture

• ‘a situation in which multiple media systems coexist and where media content flows fluidly across them. Convergence is understood here as an ongoing process or series of intersections between different media systems, not a fixed relationship’ (p.282)

Jenkins on convergence culture

• Convergence – a cultural • Collective intelligence• Participatory culture

Collective intelligence

• ‘Consumption has become a collective process…None of us can know everything; each of us knows something; and we can put the pieces together if we pool our resources and combine our skills. (p.4)

Participatory culture• ‘the work—and play—spectators perform in the

new media system. The term, participatory culture, contrasts with older notions of passive media spectatorship. Rather than talking about media producers and consumers as occupying separate roles, we might now see them as participants who interact with each other according to a new set of rules that none of us fully understands’ (p.3)

Micky38Bruno http://uk.youtube.com/user/Micky38Bruno

YouTube enables users to filter traditional media such as television, creating their own highlights channel to share with other users

A new form of participant fan culture that creates a media jukebox, but which places people in conflict with traditional copyright and intellectual property issues

Issues raised by new media convergence

• The media industries want to secure or increase revenue with digital media

• Consumers feel empowered by choice, personalization and participation with digital media

• This can create harmonious, rewarding experiences for producers and consumers

• Or this can create conflicts of interest such as over copyright

Jenkin’s participatory culture

• A cultural context has emerged where a far-reaching participation in the production and distribution of media is supported

• Participatory culture is an extension of traditional fan culture through the use of new media technologies

• Consumers can archive, annotate, appropriate and recirculate media in new ways

• Users of new media take a more active role in the culture that is produced

Interaction

• Participation and collaboration are forms of interaction or the way that we relate to each other

• Face-to-face interaction• Mediated interaction• Interaction today consists of highly mixed forms of

face-to-face, mass-mediated (such as television, cinema and radio) and computer-mediated sociabilities, conversations, and intimacies

Ross Mayfield’s ‘Power Law of Participation’ (2006)

http://www.wethinkthebook.net/book/home.aspx

• Charles Leadbeater We Think• how we think, play, work, and create, together via

the web• Creativity emerges when people with different

vantage points, skills and know how combine their ideas to create new combinations

• The web provides a platform we have never had before for us to be creative together on a new scale. It is changing how we share ideas and so how we think

We Think

• Various degrees of ‘We Think’ online• Blogs, and media sharing such as Flickr and YouTube

are high on participation and connection, but low on collaboration

• Social networks, bookmarking and tagging have some elements of collaboration but not always deliberate

• Online multiplayer games such as World of Warcraft and deliberate and organised collaborations have the fullest forms of mass, creative participation

Bibliography

Flew, T. (2002) New Media: An Introduction, South Melbourne, Oxford University Press.

Jenkins, H. (2006) Convergence Culture, New York and London, New York University Press.

Leadbeater, C. (2008) We Think [WWW] Available at http://www.wethinkthebook.net/home.aspx (Accessed 23 January 2009).

McQuail, D. (2005) McQuail’s Mass Communication Theory (5th Edition), London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi, Sage.

Mayfield, A. (2007) What is social media? [WWW] Available at http://www.icrossing.co.uk/fileadmin/uploads/eBooks/What_is_social_media_Nov_2007.pdf (Accessed 24 September 2008).

The Collaborative Task

• Start now, finish later if needed• The Task• This is a collaboration project. I want you to help me make a

slidecast. I have chosen a podcast for which I want to create some visuals using PowerPoint slides to create a slidecast. I have broken the audio into sections. Please choose a section and create a set of slides in PowerPoint that will add value to the audio by creating visual interest with text, graphics, images, and hypertext links and so on. If we all work on different sections, we can speed up the task and have experience of a simple collaborative project

Go to the ‘Slidecast Task’ page in the Blackboard wiki to begin