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Jamestown, Plymouth, English Colonies
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The First English Colonies:
Jamestown and PlymouthTextbook Reference: Chapter 3 sections 4,5
Focus Questions:
• #3 What were the different reasons for the settlement of the English colonies Jamestown and Plymouth?• #4 How did the concept of “self-government” develop in the English
colonies?
I Can:
• Describe the problems that the Jamestown and Plymouth colonies faced and how they overcame them.• Describe how European settlement impacted Native Americans and
the role that Native Americans played in the early colonization efforts of England.• Describe the role that religion played in early European colonization
efforts
Jamestown: Starvation, Tobacco, and Representative Government
The Virginia Company of London
• In 1606, King James granted the Virginia Company of London a charter to settle land in North America.• A charter is a legal document
that gives certain rights to a person or company.
Jamestown: disaster, starvation…
• The colony is established in 1607. • Dirty water/swampy area• Drought/poor soil• The “wrong people”/many of the colonists were primarily interested
in looking for gold not farming• Bad planning/ over-reliance on Native Americans for trade and
support• Disease, poisoning, murder/breakdown of law after Smith leaves for
England
…recovery• John Rolfe arrives in 1610 • His tobacco is exported in 1612
Pocahontas and John Smith
Married John Rolfe in 1614, which creates a temporary climate of peace
An effective leader in the colony from 1607-1609
Representative Government in Jamestown• In response to the difficult early years at Jamestown- many leaders
were tough on the settlers and set up harsh systems of rule • Who wants to live like this? Nobody. • So, to attract colonists to Jamestown, the Virginia Company sent a
new governor with orders to meet with elected officials throughout the colony• In 1619, The House of Burgesses meets for the first time. This
governing body is made up of burgesses or representatives chosen by the male members of the colony•
The Virginia House of Burgesses
English traditions that lead to American Representative
GovernmentMagna Carta• 1215- King John agreed to
consult a great council of nobles before raising taxes
Parliament• A representative assembly in
England that influenced the way colonists viewed their rights to representative government in America
Plymouth: Seeking opportunity and Religious Freedom in 1620
It was not easy for people to practice religion freely in Europe
during the 1500s• #1 The Protestant Reformation divided European Christians into
Roman Catholics and Protestants- this led to fighting over religion and the deaths of thousands of people
European States and Religion
#2 The Established Church• The rulers of Europe preferred to
maintain law and order by picking a religion and supporting it over all others.
How do you think government involvement in religion affects religion?
#3 Persecution• The mistreatment or punishment
of those who did not follow the established church.
• How do you think persecuted people overcame their mistreatment?
Religious Separatists decide to leave Europe and settle in North America• #4 In 1620 the Mayflower lands in an area in present-day
Massachusetts • These colonists won a charter to settle in Virginia, They wanted to go
to the Hudson River in New York, but settled in Cape Cod Mass.
Religious Separatists decide to leave Europe and settle in North America
#5 The Mayflower Compact• The colonists set up a
framework for governing their colony and agreed to unite under this new rule of law.
#6 Precedent• The desire of the separatists
(pilgrims) to worship freely in America became an important example for others to follow.
The Mayflower Compact
Early Hardships for the Plymouth Colony
#7 Cold Weather• The Pilgrims showed up right as
winter was starting and had they a hard time getting shelters built
#8 Starvation• They did not bring enough food
with them and they were too late in the season to plant