Wheatley – Chapter 9

How do-- Kindergarten teachers,

PhD Chemists, Big Evil Corporations,

Alaskan 9th Graders, and Careers

Interrelate?

The 4th ‘new science’

Electronics and semiconductors

1947 -- On December 23, William Shockley, Walter Brattain, and John Bardeen successfully

test the point-contact transistor, setting off the semiconductor revolution.

1954 -- A silicon-based junction transistor, perfected by Gordon Teal of Texas Instruments

brings a tremendous reduction in costs.

Electronics and semiconductors

1965 – by Gordon Moore His bold prediction, popularly known as Moore's Law,

states that the number of transistors on a chip will double approximately every two years.

He actually said that evidence showed that this was

true for 1958 to 1965, and that he thought it would

hold for another ten years.

Electronics and semiconductors

Several (peer-reviewed) articles acknowledge that it has held true through 2007. . .

Though in 2005 Moore stated that the law could not hold indefinitely because transistors

would someday reach the atom level.

Electronics and semiconductors

Electronics and semiconductors

Electronics and semiconductors

2003 – 90 nm

2008-11 – 45 nm

2012 -- 22 nm (5 fabs)

Sooner or later – there will be no place smaller and faster to go every two years.

Sources:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore%27s_law

http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/silicon-innovations/moores-law-embedded-technology.html

AND now, A QUIZ

1. How far does light travel in a nanosecond? (11.78 inches)

How big is an atom? ( .1 nm, 1 nm, 10 nm)

AND now, A QUIZ

2. What is this picture?

AND now, A QUIZ

3. What percentage of Alaskan jobs require a bachelor’s degree? (8%, 16%, 22%)

4. In ten years, what percentage of today’s Alaskan 9th-graders will have a bachelor’s degree? (6%, 8%, 11%, 14%, more)

AND now, A QUIZ

How do-- Kindergarten teachers, PhD Chemists, Big Evil Corporations, Alaskan 9th

Graders, and Careers Interrelate?

Gordon Moore is the Chemist.

AT&T, Intel, and Texas Instruments are all big corporations in semiconductors.

. . . More to come!

Self-Referencing in an Orderly Universe

It’s a neuron.

Why can’t you speak Hindi?

Self-Referencing in an Orderly Universe

Self-Referencing in an Orderly Universe

Structure of a synapse

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synapsehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synapse

The Human Brain

10 billion neurons

5,000 to 10,000 possible

connections each

50 – 100 Trillion Synaptic

Connections

Self-Referencing in an Orderly Universe

http://www.keck.bioimaging.wisc.edu/lecture-series-2001-2002.html

Brain GrowthSurplus Neurons

Surplus trial connections

Self-Referencing in an Orderly Universe

Active neuronsdevelop and stabilizeUse ‘em or lose ‘em!

The Human Element

Self Referencing:

Our Best Teacher

Self-Referencing in an Orderly Universe

Self Referencing: Our Best Teacher

Point system in the classroom

“I like how you are sitting quietly”

Respect others, Respect yourself

Self-Referencing in an Orderly Universe

Identity and Meaning

Did you ever get the answer to a really pressing problem while you were asleep or not actively

thinking about it? Our Neurons and connections are always running in the background.

Self-Referencing in an Orderly Universe

You will se a set of slides in your group room.

Follow the steps on the slides to proceed through the group activity.

You will each have a section to type in.

In the order your names appear in the breakout area--

Person 1: Timekeeper

Person 2: Reporter

Person 3: Facilitator, Filmstrip manager

Person 4: Lucky

Self-Referencing in an Orderly Universe

Small Group Session

How do you self-reference? Journaling, dreaming, post-school chat buddy, list maker, post on a blog…….

Quickly type preliminary thoughts about how you self reference on this slide. (1 min)

Take 3-4 minutes to discuss, adding notes to your section as needed. If possible, deepen the discussion by explaining how this helps you organize yourself.

Person 1 Person 2 Person 3 Person 4

Small Group Session

Imagine yourself in a leadership role.

What are some ways you might encourage other staff to self-reference? How might you go about accomplishing this?

1 minute of quiet to think and jot down ideas.

3-4 minutes discussion time, and adding to notes as needed.

Then deepen the discussion by commenting on how to help your school organize itself.

Person 1 Person 2 Person 3 Person 4

Small Group Session

Food for ThoughtIBM replicates the brain's architecture by using a crossbar array to hold the synapses, which then learn which sensory patterns correspond to which desired motor control

outputs. The crossbar array connects the neurons to sensor inputs by integrating over a large fan-in of dendrites, then firing output pulses down axons which feed individual

synaptic connections to the other neurons in the network.

"Synapses are realized with a crossbar array, in which the vertical lines are the input dendrites and horizontal lines are the output axons," said Modha. "Each neuron fires in

order to communicate with the other neurons which fully integrates memory with processor, instead of separating them like von Neumann.“

The eventual goal is to create a brain-like 10 billion neuron, 100 trillion synapse cognitive computer with comparable size and power consumption to the

human brain.

Johnson, R. C. (2011) IBM Demos Cognitive Computer Chips retrieved from http://www.eetimes.com/electronics-news/4218883/IBM-demos-cognitive-computer-chips

Self-Referencing in an Orderly Universe

Small Group Session

Jobs and Education

And now . . .

Introduction and Needs Identification

The KIDS

Introduction and Needs Identification

The JOBS

Only 22%of the JOBS

(those in the yellow

area)

Educational Stakeholders

EducatorsEmployers

Government

Who is Impacted by the success (or failure) of our effort?

StudentsParents

Community and Cultural GroupsNon-profit Groups

Future Generations -- Elders

Anybody want to try dictating decision-making structure to all of these folks?

Expectations for SuccessAnd no, this is not a textbook item!

George H. Copa and Susan J. WolffOregon State University

12 pages of recommended design features that stress practical applicability.

Accountability ExpectationsEnvironment Staffing

(and more)

Organizational Accountability for Decisions

Align all design elements

Insure consequences for outcomes

Based on shared mission, vision, goals, and values

Adapt accountability to changing environments

(from the recommendations of Copa and Wolff)

AND now, A QUIZ (AGAIN)

How do-- Kindergarten teachers, PhD Chemists, Big Evil Corporations, Alaskan 9th

Graders, and Careers Interrelate?

Patricia Wolfe was a Kindergarten teacher.

Careers require education and training.

Our Alaskan 9th Graders represent all kids.

. . . Decisions to come!

THE END

Using the ideas presented in this book and with the insights of our classmates, how are we going to

make decisions?

We CAN Fill in the Gold Bar