USI.9bc

The American Civil War

a) The South feared that the North would take control of Congress. They believed that they had the power to declare any national law illegal.

b) The North believed that the nation was a union that could not be divided. They believed that the national government’s power was supreme over that of the states.

I. Issues Separating the Nation

a) The North didn’t have a need or have a place for slavery in its society.

b) Southerners believed that slavery was necessary for the economic success of their society. They believed abolition would destroy their economy.

II. Abolition

a) A series of compromises enacted in the U.S. Congress managed to hold the Union together.

b) Each compromise was created in order to help balance the power between the North and South by deciding if new states would be slave states or free states.

III. Compromises to Resolve Differences

a) Balanced the numbers of slave and free states, by allowing Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state and Maine to enter the Union as a free state.

IV. Missouri Compromise-1820

a) After the Mexican War, the United States gained territory in the West. California entered the Union as a free state. The Southwest territories would decide the slavery issue for themselves.

V. Compromise of 1850

a) Repealed the Missouri Compromiseb) Stated that the issue of slavery would be

decided by the residents of each territory, a concept known as popular sovereignty

VI. Kansas-Nebraska Act-1854

a) Secede- to formally withdraw (leave) a union or alliance

b) After Abraham Lincoln was elected in 1860, many Southern states left the Union because they feared he would abolish slavery.

c) The Southern states formed their own country: The Confederate States of America, with Jefferson Davis as their president.

VII. Secession

VIII. Division of States a) Confederate States:

Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia

b) Border States (Union slave states): Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri

c) Union- California, Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia, Wisconsin