The BRAIN

• it is located in the skull• it has 3 layers (MENINGES) 1. Inner layer - a wall that prevents bacteria from

reaching the brain.2. Middle layer - supplies nutrients and oxygen3. Outer layer - inner surface of the skull

Structure of the Brain

3 PARTS OF THE BRAIN•Brain Stem - lowest section of the brain

that connects to the spinal cord.

- acts a pathway for message to traveling between some parts of the brain and the spinal cord

3 Parts of the Brain Stem

• Medula - controls involuntary movement• Pons - connects to major motor and

sensory nerves from the spinal cord• Midbrain - controls the eye movement and

size of the pupils. It coordinates with the head movement and with sight and sound

CEREBELLUM• It is at the back of the brain stem and linked to it by nerve tracts.

• It receives information from muscle and balance organ in the inner ear.

CEREBRUM• It consists of billion of highly

organized neurons• Glia cells supports the neurons and

provides oxygen and nutrients• It is divided into 4 lobes or sections 1. Frontal2. Temporal 3. Pariental4. Occipital

• THALAMUS and HYPOTHALAMUS

Thalamus - consists of 2 egg shaped

masses of nerve tissue which receives message from the sensory neurons and send them to specific areas in the cerebrum where they are interpreted.

Hypothalamus - it lies between the thalamus

and pituitary gland. - it receives sensory messages,

controls body temperature, heartbeat, kidney function and sleeping pattern

- the function of pituitary gland is controlled by the hypothalamus

FUNCTION OF THE BRAIN • It is the body’s control center

• Receives message from and sends messages to all organs and tissues of the body

• It controls both voluntary and involuntary activities