Lexi Malpass

CIVIL RIGHTS ERA &POST-WAR AMERICA

This was a United States court case focusing on segregated schools for colored and white youth. This is the

court case that overturned the earlier Plessy v. Ferguson, which ruled that

separate but equal was constitutional.

Brown v. Board of Education proved that “separate but equal” was

not truly equal. This was a major event in the Civil Rights Movement because it allowed for integration of races in all schools to begin. But just

because it was legal did not mean colored children stopped being

criticized for attending a “white” school. This was only the beginning.

BROWN VS. BOARD OF EDUCATION1952-54

Rosa Parks is most famous for her refusal to give up her seat on the bus. All

“white” seats were full, and she was asked to give up

her colored seat for a boarding white passenger,

to which she refused.

She was then arrested, unknowingly about to start a whole new movement of protest. The Montgomery

Bus boycott began promptly. She would later

become a leader of the Civil Rights movement.

ROSA PARKS - ARRESTED1955

The Montgomery Bus Boycott occurred in Montgomery,

Alabama, where segregated buses were law. In protest of Rosa Parks being arrested, thousands of protestors in Montgomery and beyond

began to boycott city buses. The boycott lasted over a year until Montgomery

passed a law stating that black passengers could sit

anywhere. This boycott was organized by many important

leaders like Martin Luther King Jr.

MONTGOMERY BUS BOYCOTT

1956

Martin Luther King Jr. was a famous activist during the Civil Rights era, specifically toward the rights of colored people. He

began activity during the Montgomery Bus Boycott. He

faced being arrested and hated by many to get his messages across,

and served as a figure for the colored community. His overall method was peaceful protest,

unlike many other protestors of this time. His contribution to Civil

Rights is not forgotten today.

MARTIN LUTHER KING JR.1955-68

The Little Rock Nine refers to the nine colored students enrolled in Little Rock Central High School.

Their enrollment caused the Little Rock Crisis, where

they were refused enrollment. Eisenhower

intervened and the students were allowed entry into the school, as it was technically

legal. The nine students would be escorted around

by soldiers while they attended. The students

faced many challenges and brought many issues to the

public eye.

LITTLE ROCK NINE1957

The Greensboro sit-ins were a series of non-violent protests that took place in Greensboro,

North Carolina at the Woolworth department store. Colored male students sat at the counter and refused to

move, demanding recognition in a peaceful way. Over time, more students joined. Though these were not the first sit-ins, they were the most prominent

and successful.

GREENSBORO SIT-INS1960

The March on Washington is today one of

the largest rallies for human rights ever held. Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his famous “I

Have a Dream” speech at the Washington Monument, telling his piece on racism

and why it should end. Some say that because of this huge rally, the Civil

Right Act of 1964 is passed easier. This was a big

success for the Civil Rights Movement.

MARCH ON WASHINGTON1963

This United States act was passed to make it

officially illegal to discriminate based on race or gender in any way. Segregation was

officially ended in schools and in the workplace as well.

Initially, this law was not enforced properly, but

would later be strengthened. This was a

huge step in the movement and would

lead to greater things in the future.

CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964

Freedom Summer was held in Mississippi in an attempt to register as many black voters as possible as well as develop new freedom

schools, community areas, and housing to aid the

previously neglected black population. This angered a lot of white radicals, and

provoked violence from the Ku Klux Klan, among others. Many were

arrested, and even beaten or killed during this ten

week project.

FREEDOM SUMMER1964

Following the Civil Rights Act, the Voting Rights Act

came to be a year later. This allowed for all races to

participate in the voting process of a presidential election. It also made it easier for non-English

speaking Americans to take part. Previously, literacy tests were required for voting. This

act is considered to be the most effective civil rights legislation in US history.

VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF 1965

In the United States, the Latino Movement covered a broad range of issues. Mexican immigrants were not

receiving proper American rights, but were instead receiving

discrimination. They fought for land grants, voting rights, Latino

education, and against stereotypes all too common in American media.

Latinos reminded America of its failure to live up to the Treaty of

Guadalupe Hidalgo, that promised full citizenship. They reclaimed the

term “Chicano” which originally was a derogatory term for sons and

daughters of immigrants.

LATINO MOVEMENT(CHICANO MOVEMENT)

The African-American Movement was all about the end of segregation in schools, public communities and in the workplace among other things. The blacks led major campaigns of

resistance in many kinds. Some were violent in manor, like the Black

Panthers and their “Black Power”. Some were more peaceful such as

Martin Luther King Jr. and his boycotts and sit-ins as well as

eloquent speeches. They fought for their own rights as well as the rights

of their children, and before long, the Civil Rights Act was passed and began a turn around for the country.

AFRICAN-AMERICAN MOVEMENT

The Feminist Movement was about fighting for the rights of women across America and the rest of the world. Women were no longer content being held down by their husbands, or

expected to have a husband in the first place. Women were limited in jobs and in legal

rights to property as well as in court. Women were not paid as

much for the same jobs as a man. The American women

fought for legal gender equality just as Latinos and

African-Americans fought for racial equality.

FEMINIST MOVEMENT

This was a social movement that started in

the 60’s in response to the Civil Rights Movement. Counterculture was all about turning against

social norms. The most well-known branch of counterculture is the

hippie community, who protested war, segregation, and promoted peace and a simple life. Counterculture fought for the rights of all, as most of equal rights was

against society at that time.

COUNTERCULTURE60’S AND 70’S

Roe vs. Wade is a famous court case in the US regarding the

subject of abortion in law. It made abortion legal to a certain extent

because at the time of conception, the fetus is still a

part of a woman’s body, stating that the right to an unborn child

is the women’s decision only. Since this court case, many

attempts to make abortion illegal have been turned down as

unconstitutional. This issue was brought forth by the feminist and

counterculture movements.

ROE VS. WADE1973

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• http://www.history.com/images/media/slideshow/martin-luther-king-jr/mlk-montgomery-bus-boycott.jpg• http://hippiehour.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/hippies1.jpg• http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/US_Supreme_Court_Justice_Harry_Blackmun%2C_detail.jpg• http://

depts.washington.edu/civilr/images/mecha/photos/Chicano%20Power%20001%20HBCLS%20unidentified%20893w.jpg

• http://asiuhuru.org/ontheground/apsp-usa/about/i/60chairman.jpg• http://theblacksphere.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/feminists.jpg

SOURCES