THE TEACHERS

APPROACH

By. Roisa Indriani (11311043)

Ria Puspitasari (11311061)

• In teaching english to young learners, the teachers must comprehend the concept of teaching. They also have to provides a description of the basic prinsiples and procedures of the most recognized and commonly used approaches and methods for teaching a second or foreign language. Each approach or method has an articulated theoretical orientation and a collection of strategies and learning activities designed to reach the specified goals and achieve the learning outcomes of the teaching and learning processes. The following approaches and methods are included below:

•Grammar-translation approachIn this method, classes are taught in the students mother tangue, with little active use of the target language.

•Direct approachThis approach was developed initially as a reaction to the grammar-translation approach in an attempt to integrate more use of the target language in instruction.

•Audiolingual methodThis method is based on the principles of behavior psychology.

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• Total physical response (TPR)• Total physical response (TPR) method as one that combines information and skills through the use of the kinesthetic sensory system.

•Communicative language teachingThe method stresses a means of organizing a language syllabus. The emphasis is on breaking down the global concept of language into units of analysis in terms of communicative situations in which they are used.

• The Eclectic Approach (or Eclecticism) • The idea of choosing from different methods to suite for one's teaching purposes and situations is not a new one.

•Reading approach• The approach is mostly for people who do not travel abroad for whom reading is the one usable skill in a foreign language.

•Community language learning (CCL)• This approach is patterned upon counceling techniques and adapted to the peculiar anxiety and threat as well as the personal and languge problems a person encounters in the learning of foreign languages.

•Suggestopedia• This method developed out of believe that human brain could process great quantities of material given the right conditions of learning like relaxation.

• The natural approach• This method emphasized development of basic personal communication skills.

• The silent way• This method begins by using a set of colored wooden rods and verbal commands.

• In a phenomenographic study Trigwell, Prosser and Taylor (1994) identified five qualitatively different approaches to teaching as follows:

1. Approach A: A teacher-focused strategy with the intention of transmitting information to students.

2. Approach B: A teacher-focused strategy with the intention that srudents acquire the concepts of the discipline.

3. Approach C : A teacher/student interaction strategy with the inention that students acquire the concepts of the discipline

4. Approach D : A student-focused strategy aimed at students developing their conceptions

5. Approach E : A student-focused strategy aimed at students changing their conceptions.