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An exploration into whether Hamlet is an Areostotlian thraged
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TRAGEDY
To What Extent is Hamlet an Aristotelian Tragedy?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8UEQRNNNxD0
“ Tragedy, is an imitation of an action that is serious, complete, and of a certain magnitude. ” C. 335 B.C.E.1. Plot2. Character3. Thought4. Diction5. Song6. Spectacle.
TRAGEDYPLOT CHARACTER THOUGHT
DICTION SONG SPECTACLE
PLOTARISTOTLE’S DEFINITION
HAMLET SCENE
FOR & AGAINST DECISION
ARISTOTLE: PLOTFirst principle - an “Arrangement of incidents” all related.
Beginning
• Cause and effect chain• Incentive moment
Middle
• Climax• Triggered by earlier incidents
End
• Caused by earlier incidents• Resolution
Complete
Magnitude
Simple or complex
HAMLET: PLOTMain Plot - Revenge.Sub Plots: • Madness • Gertrude & Claudius• Hamlet & Ophelia• Hamlet & Gertrude.
• Fortinbras’ Revenge.
HAMLET SCENE I: ACT VHamlet meets with the Ghost of his Father alone.The Ghost tells Hamlet how he died, and what he must do.
THE ARGUMENTS:
For:• Beginning• Middle• End• Complete• Magnitude• Complex.
Against:
THE DECISION
CHARACTERARISTOTLE’S DEFINITION
HAMLET SCENEFOR &
AGAINST DECISION
ARISTOTLE: CHARACTERPersonal
MotivationCause &
EffectPity or Fear
Protagonist- BelievableRenowned& Prosperous Change of Fortune
Change Frailty or Error Pity 0r Fear
HAMLET: CHARACTER• Love & loyalty• Anger• True to his Word• Ability for Revenge• Prince • Educated• Philosopher• Conscience = delay.
Soliloquy: Swears to dedicatehimself to avenge his Father’s death.
HAMLET: ACT I: SCENE V
THE ARGUEMENTFOR: AGAINST:• Personal Motivation• Cause and effect• Renowned & Prosperous• Change of Fortune• Frailty or Error.
• Pity is subjective• Fear – probably
not.
THE DECISION
THOUGHTARISTOTLE’S DEFINITION HAMLET
SCENE DECISION
ARISTOTLE: THOUGHT• “Third in order is Thought - that is, the faculty of saying what is possible and pertinent in given circumstances.” • “Thought…………………. is found where something is proved to be or not to be, or a general maxim is enunciated.”
HAMLET: THOUGHT
HAMLETSOLILOQUIES HAMLET 7
“Oh that this too solid flesh will melt” (1:2)“Oh all you host of heaven! Oh earth! ” (1:5)“Oh! What a rogue and peasant slave am I” (2:2)
“To be or not to be” (3:1)“Tis now the very witching time of night” (3:2)“Now might I do it pat” (3:3)
“How all occasions do inform against me” (4.4)
CLAUDIUS 1
OPHILIA 1
HAMLET ACT III : SCENE I
Hamlet contemplates life and death……………..http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-JD6gOrARk4
THE DECISION
DICTIONARISTOTLE’S DEFINITION HAMLET
SCENE THE DECISION
ARISTOLTLE: DICTION • “Every word is either current, or strange, or metaphorical, or ornamental, or newly-coined, or lengthened, or contracted, or altered.”• Metaphor : “For the essence of a riddle is to express true facts under impossible combinations ……. Such is the riddle..…..”
HAMLET: DICTION• Claudius – politician “We doubt it nothing: heartily farewell”• Ophelia – obedient “I shall obey my lord”• Gertrude - loving: “Let not thy mother lose her prayers, Hamlet. I pray thee, stay with us”• Osric - kowtowing: “ Sweet lord, if your lordship were at leisure, I would impart a thing to you from his majesty”• Hamlet- madness and sanity appropriate.
Act V Scene I: The Grave Yard Scene…. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W_GqWC_uIfs
SCENE
THE DECISION
SONGARISTOLOTE’S DEFINITION HAMLET
THE DECISION
ARISTOTLE: SONGQUANTITATIVE
PARTS
EPISODE
PROLOGUE
EXODE
CHORIC SONG
PARODE
STASIMON
COMMOI
HAMLET: SONG• No Chorus• Of its time?• Action on stage.• Aristotle : “Peculiar to some are songs of actors from the stage and the Commoi”.
THE DECISION
SPECTACLE
ARISTOTLE HAMLET
SCENE THE DECISION
ARISTOTLE: SPECTACLE • “The Spectacle has, indeed, an emotional attraction of its own, but, of all the parts, it is the least artistic”• “The production of spectacular effects depends more on the art of the stage machinist than on that of the poet.”
SPECTACLE: HAMLET• The Ghost’s appearances• Reprimanding of his Mother• Killing of Polonius• The play within a play• Contemplation of death• Ophelia's madness• Grave yard and skull• Poisoning of Gertrude• Poisoning of Claudius• Death of Hamlet.
SCENEAct III Scene IV: The Closet Scene…..
THE DECISION
SO, IS HAMLET AN ARISTOTELIAN TRAGEDY?• Shakespeare – versed in history• Inspired by ancient mythology• Pity & Fear - questionable• Song - questionable• Comic elements • Ultimately a tragedy of it’s time.
FINAL THOUGHTShakespeare borrowed from many. Today many borrow from him.The Circle of Life so to speak….. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PZwdByyMujY