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College of North West London presentation; for the National Diploma in Construction
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Types of ground floors
Suspended Ground floor-1890’s
Joists supported on sleeper & external wall Minimal ventilation Rising Damp No insulation
Ventilation for a suspended floor
Terra cotta air brick through wall
Improvements in design
Joists sitting on sleeper wall with attached wall plate.
Incorporation of dpc to prevent rising damp Sleeper walls built in ‘honeycomb’ style to
allow extra ventilation Extra air bricks
Modern Timber Floors
Timbers are longer Extra ventilation Insulation incorporated
Suspended concrete floors
Typical block and beam floor Quick and cheap to install Inverted ‘ T’ shaped beams Concrete blocks placed in between them
Ground Supported floors
Solid ground of hardcore supports concrete floor
Thick damp proof membrane placed under concrete with a layer of insulation
Typical slab – 150mm with reinforcement
Upper floors
To provide extra stability for external walls Joists built into wall Chipboard typically placed on top of joists
Upper floors
Galvanised joist hangers are built into wall Forms a ‘shoe’ or ‘seat’ for joist to sit in. Modern prefabricated joists with metal
banding are now commonly used
Upper Floor
Chipboard upper floor with water proof covering and taped joints