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Understanding the three surfaces of wood

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3 wood cutting surfaces

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Page 1: Understanding  the three surfaces of wood
Page 2: Understanding  the three surfaces of wood
Page 3: Understanding  the three surfaces of wood

The sapwood is not well defined from the

heartwood, which is white turning to yellow on

exposure.

Texture is moderately coarse and even.

Vessels lines present.

Grain is generally straight.

The timber is light and soft with an air-dry

density of 290 to 465 kg m~'.

Page 4: Understanding  the three surfaces of wood

Growth rings :

moderately distinct, marked by layers of thicker

fibre.

Page 5: Understanding  the three surfaces of wood

Vessels :

medium sized to large, solitary and in radial multiples

of 2 to 4, sometimes in clusters,

Page 6: Understanding  the three surfaces of wood

tyloses :absent,

Page 7: Understanding  the three surfaces of wood

Wood parenchyma :

present but difficult to detect with the naked eye

and just visible by using the lens due to the lack

of contrast between the fibres and the

parenchyma.

Have 2 types:

Apotracheal parenchyma as diffuse and diffuse

in aggregates, forming short uniseriate lines.

Paratracheal parenchyma sparse and confine

only to the immediate vicinity of the vessels.

Page 8: Understanding  the three surfaces of wood

diffuse

reticulate

banded

Page 9: Understanding  the three surfaces of wood

confluentaliform

vesicentric

Page 10: Understanding  the three surfaces of wood

Rays :of two distinct sizes, the broader rays can

be- observed easily with a handlens.

Page 11: Understanding  the three surfaces of wood

Ripple marks :brick like structure appear to the cross

cutting

Page 12: Understanding  the three surfaces of wood

intercellular canals :not observed.

Page 13: Understanding  the three surfaces of wood
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Uses

A light-coloured and light-weight timber. The timber is suitable

for use as picture frame,moulding, skiring, wooden sandals,

disposable chopstick, general utility furniture, veneer

and plywood.

Page 15: Understanding  the three surfaces of wood

HARDWOOD

Ray in boat shaped

Vessel

Page 16: Understanding  the three surfaces of wood

HARDWOOD

Ray in cube shaped

Vessels

Page 17: Understanding  the three surfaces of wood

HARDWOOD

Pore

Gum duct

Intercellular canals

Page 18: Understanding  the three surfaces of wood

CROSS SECTION

See growth ring boundaries,and interiors of

cells,end view of log.

TANGENTIAL SECTION

Cut longitudinally,more or less down parallel to

growth rings,at right angles to rays.

RADIAL SECTION

Cut longitudinally,more or less down at right angles

to growth rings,and parallel to rays