Respiratory Care

Consider main point of final paperList topics which must be covered (aspects of the disease)Label all information by topic Determine most logical orderCreate outline for the paper Compose the paper using outline and

notes

Organizing the paper:

The ProjectWorking in groups

Write a paper

Each person within the group is responsible for a section of the paper

The ProjectTaking notes:If typing notes on the computer, label each

note –with author, page number, and subtopic.

Put your response to the information in a different font.

ORUse the index card method:Use 3 x 5 cards – one piece of information

per card.

Cause #1 --------------------

Cause #1 --------------------

Cause #1 --------------------

Smith 65 Main causes

Write your response to the information on the back of the card.

The ProjectAll of the information from a particular

source you have used will be assigned a number when the final paper (with information from all the group members) is written.

Make note of which source a particular piece

of information came from – that will be needed for the final paper.

RecommendationsEach person may:label his/her references from the text with a different color

1,2,3,41,2,3,41,2,3,4 1,2,3,4

use initials to indicate which group member the information came fromCK1, CK2, CK3, CK4

use his/her nameCindy1, Cindy2, Cindy3

use a letter from the alphabetA1, A2, A3, A4 B1,B2,B3,B4

RecommendationsIf two students are both using the same

article: Label the articles a specific color – and when you

cite that particular article use that specific color for the internal citation

Using the information from the outside sources: Remember: Every piece of information that is

taken from an outside source must be cited or referenced, unless it is considered common knowledge.

Common knowledge depends upon the audience:

specialized vs. general audience

example: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome - ARDS

Cite outside information.Summaries – a more concise version of the

original information

highlights the main points in your own words.

Paraphrases – same information contained in the original source - put in your own words

Use thesaurus for synonyms

example:“Collaborate” – highlight the word – right

click on it – select “synonyms”

Quotations – exact wording from the outside source

Limit use of quotes.

Only use quotes when the information can not easily be reworded – or if it is reworded, the impact or effect of the writing will be lost.

(If you do use a direct quote, be sure it goes smoothly from your words to the words of the outside source so that it is understood who said those words and in what context.)

Rather than just saying “The author Davidson said” and then going into the quote, introduce Davidson’s words.

Use a signal phrase which identifies exactly who made the statement and in what context.

For example: The well-known researcher Charles Davidson argues that “-------.”  

Plagiarism is taking another’s words, writing style, or ideas and presenting them as if they are your own.

 Be aware that if information is taken from an outside

source – even if a reference is provided, - if the wording is too close to the original, that is a form of plagiarism, as the author’s writing style has been taken.

 See the HVCC plagiarism policy, at

http://www.hvcc.edu/catalog/judicial.html#plagiarism, for more information.

Vancouver style - commonly used in the medical and scientific fields

A research paper documented in Vancouver style should contain:

a reference list identifies the references cited in the paper with publication information appears at the end of the paper with the entries listed numerically and in

the same order that they have been cited in the text

and a bibliography

lists sources which were not cited in the text but are relevant to the subject

arranged alphabetically by the author’s name or the title, if no author’s name is provided

 

Providing references within the text of your essay:a number is assigned to each reference as it is citedoriginal number assigned to the reference or source

is reused each time the reference is cited in the text, regardless of its previous position in the paper.

references are identified by numbers, provided directly after the name of the author cited, or at the end of the quote or information from the author which has been paraphrased

the numbers can be in round or square brackets, or as superscripts.

(Check with your instructor to see which style to use.)

 

General Guidelines for Citing Sourcesjournal title abbreviations are used – not the

full title of the journalto find the journal abbreviations: go to

PubMed; select the Journal Database and type in the title of the journal – click “go”

once the title appears look next to that and the title abbreviation should be there

General Guidelines for Citing Sourcesmonths of publication are abbreviated to the first 3 letters

use the last name of the author and the first and middle initials. There are no periods in between the initials.

the first letter of the first word and any proper names in a book title are capitalized

“ed.” is used to indicate the edition of a book

tables should each be given a brief title

illustrations and figures in the text should be numbered in consecutive order

Journal articles: Russell FD, Coppell AL, Davenport AP. In vitro enzymatic processing of radiolabelled big ET-1 in human kidney as a food ingredient. Biochem Pharmacol 1998 Mar 1;55(5):697-701.

 (Note: In vitro enzymatic processing of radiolabelled big ET-1 in human kidney as a food ingredient = name of the article; Biochem Pharmacol = title of the journal; 1998 Mar 1 = publication year, month, day; 55(5) = volume/issue numbers; 697-701 = page numbers [if the page numbers are continuous, you may omit the month, day, and year])

 

Sample Article: 1. Lu S, Cai S, Ou C, Zhao H. Establishment and evaluation of a simplified evaluation system of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Yonsei Med J [Internet]. 2013 July [cited 2013 Sept 5]; 54(4):935-41. Available from: MEDLINE with Full Text: http://ehis.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid= 5&sid=e1f31027-4941-44fa-b457-70406e119a19%40 sessionmgr15&hid=4&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3 QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=mnh&AN=23709429

Sample CitationsBooks with up to six authors:Lodish H, Baltimore D, Berk A, Zipursky SL, Matsudaira P, Darnell J. Molecular cell biology. 3rd ed. New York: Scientific American; 1995.  Books with more than six authors:Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Isselbacher KJ, Wilson JD, Martin JB, Kasper DL, et al, editors. Harrison's principles of internal medicine. 14th ed. New York: McGraw Hill, Health Professions Division; 1998. (Note: “et al” means “and others” and indicates that the authors beyond the first six are not listed)

 Books with an editor: Millares M, editor. Applied drug information: strategies for information management. Vancouver, WA: Applied Therapeutics, Inc.; 1998.  

Chapter or parts books with an editor: Porter RJ, Meldrum BS. Antiepileptic drugs. In: Katzung BG, editor. Basic and clinical pharmacology. 6th ed. Norwalk, CN: Appleton and Lange; 1995. p. 361-80. Books with an edition number:Blenkinsopp A, Paxton P. Symptoms in the pharmacy: a guide to the management of common illness. 3rd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Science; 1998. Books in a series: Bennett GL, Horuk R. Iodination of chemokines for use in receptor binding analysis. In: Horuk R, editor. Chemokine receptors. New York: Academic Press; 1997. p. 134-48. (Methods in enzymology; vol 288). (Note: Chemokine = name of the book; Methods in enzymology = titles of the series; vol = Volume number) 

Journal articles: Russell FD, Coppell AL, Davenport AP. In vitro enzymatic processing of radiolabelled big ET-1 in human kidney as a food ingredient. Biochem Pharmacol 1998 Mar 1;55(5):697-701.

 (Note: In vitro enzymatic processing of radiolabelled big ET-1 in human kidney as a food ingredient = name of the article; Biochem Pharmacol = title of the journal; 1998 Mar 1 = publication year, month, day; 55(5) = volume/issue numbers; 697-701 = page numbers [if the page numbers are continuous, you may omit the month, day, and year])

 

Articles with an unknown author: Coffee drinking and cancer of the pancreas [editorial]. Biochem Pharmacol 1981;283:628.

Newspaper articles: Lee G. Hospitalizations tied to ozone pollution: study estimates 50,000 admissions annually. The Washington Post 1996 Jun 21;Sect. A:3 (col. 5).

 

Multimedia material:Get the facts (and get them organised) [videocassette]. Williamstown, Vic.: Appleseed Productions; 1990.

 (Note: The details required are the same as those for a book, with the form of the item indicated in brackets after the title.) 

Online journals: Morse SS. Factors in the emergence of infectious disease. Emerg Infect Dis [serial online] 1995 Jan-Mar;1(1):[24 screens]. Available from: URL:http://www/cdc/gov/ncidoc/EID/eid.htm. Accessed December 25, 1999. 

LaPorte RE, Marler E, Akazawa S, Sauer F. The death of biomedical journals. BMJ [serial online]. 1995;310:1387-90. Available from: http://www.bmj.com/bmj/archive/6991ed2.htm. Accessed September 26,1996. (Note: Provide an abbreviated title of the electronic journal. Provide the volume number and issue number [in parentheses]. Indicate the number of screens in square brackets or pages.)  

Websites:

Hoffman DL. St John's Wort. 1995;[4 screens]. Available at: URL:http://www.healthy.net/library/books/hoffman/materiamedica/stjohns.htm. Accessed July 16, 1998. Health on the net foundation. Health on the net foundation code of conduct (HONcode) for medical and health web sites. Available at: http://www.hon.ch/Conduct.html. Accessed June 30, 1998.  (Note: If the author is not documented, the title becomes the first element of the reference.  

For further information:The University of Queensland (Brisbane, Australia) website:http://www.library.uwa.edu.au/education_training___and___support/guides/how_to_cite_your_sources/citing_your_ sources_-_vancouver_style The University of Western Australia website at: http://www.library.uq.edu.au/training/citation/vancouv.html 

Writing and Research CenterMarvin Library, 2nd floorMonday through Thursday: 7am to 10pmFriday: 7am to 5pmSaturday: 9am to 4pm

Ms. Hammond, Writing SpecialistWriting and Research CenterMarvin Library, 2nd floor629-7865 or c.hammond@hvcc.eduMon. 10 to 6 – Tues. 9:30 to 5:30Wed. and Thu. 2 to 10Fri. 9 to 5

Call 629-7230 for general information on Learning Centers’ services.