VARIOUS DISPLAY DEVICES

AND PRINTERS

Prepared by :

Devang H Mamtora

WHAT IS DISPLAY DEVICES ?

DISPLAY DEVICE THAT FORMS AN IMAGE BY CONVERTING ELECTRONIC SIGNALS FROM THE INPUT INTO POINTS OF COLORED LIGHT ON THE SCREEN.

DISPLAY DEVICES ARE USED FOR THE VISUAL PRESENTATION OF INFORMATION.

DISPLAY DEVICES

Types of display devices

Segment displays

Full-area 2-dimensional displays

Three dimensional

SEGMENT DISPLAYS SOME DISPLAYS CAN SHOW ONLY DIGITS OR

ALPHANUMERIC CHARACTERS. THEY ARE CALLED SEGMENT DISPLAYS,

BECAUSE THEY ARE COMPOSED OF SEVERAL SEGMENTS THAT SWITCH ON AND OFF TO GIVE APPEARANCE OF DESIRED GLYPH (IS AN ELEMENT OF WRITING).

THE SEGMENTS ARE USUALLY SINGLE LEDS OR LIQUID CRYSTALS.

THEY ARE MOSTLY USED IN DIGITAL WATCHES AND POCKET CALCULATORS.

THERE ARE SEVERAL TYPES:SEVEN SEGMENT DISPLAY (MOST COMMON,

DIGITS ONLY)FOURTEEN SEGMENT DISPLAYSIXTEEN SEGMENT DISPLAY

SEVEN SEGMENT DISPLAY A SEVEN-SEGMENT DISPLAY (SSD),

OR SEVEN-SEGMENT INDICATOR, IS A FORM OF ELECTRONIC DISPLAY DEVICE FOR DISPLAYING DECIMAL NUMERALS & ALPHABETICAL CHARACTERS(A TO F). THE SEGMENTS OF A 7-SEGMENT DISPLAY ARE REFERRED TO BY THE LETTERS A TO G, AS SHOWN TO THE LEFT, WHERE THE OPTIONAL DP DECIMAL POINT (AN "EIGHTH SEGMENT") IS USED FOR THE DISPLAY OF NON-INTEGER NUMBERS. A SINGLE BYTE CAN ENCODE THE FULL STATE OF A 7-SEGMENT-DISPLAY. THE MOST POPULAR BIT ENCODINGS ARE GFEDCBA AND ABCDEFG - BOTH USUALLY ASSUME 0 IS OFF AND 1 IS ON.

FOURTEEN & SIXTEENSEGMENT DISPLAY

IT IS AN EXTENSION OF THE MORE COMMON SEVEN-SEGMENT DISPLAY, HAVING AN ADDITIONAL FOUR DIAGONAL AND TWO VERTICAL SEGMENTS WITH THE MIDDLE HORIZONTAL SEGMENT BROKEN IN HALF. THE SIXTEEN-SEGMENT DISPLAY BREAKS ALL THREE HORIZONTAL SEGMENTS IN HALF. EXAMPLE DIAGRAM OF 14-SEGMENT DISPLAY. NOTE UNBROKEN TOP AND BOTTOM SEGMENTS IN COMPARISON WITH A SIXTEEN-SEGMENT DISPLAY.SIXTEE

N

FOURTEEN

FULL AREA 2-DIMENSIONALDISPLAYS 2-DIMENSIONAL DISPLAYS THAT COVER A

FULL AREA (USUALLY A RECTANGLE) ARE ALSO CALLED VIDEO DISPLAYS, SINCE IT'S THE MAIN MODALITY OF PRESENTING VIDEO.

APPLICATIONS

FULL-AREA 2-DIMENSIONAL DISPLAYS ARE USED IN, FOR EXAMPLE:

1. TELEVISION SETS2. COMPUTER MONITORS

UNDERLYING TECHNOLOGIES FOR FULL-AREA 2-DIMENSIONAL DISPLAYS INCLUDE

CATHODE RAY TUBE PLASMA DISPLAY PANELS (PDP)

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD) HPA DISPLAYTHIN-FILM TRANSISTOR DISPLAYS (TFT)

LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE DISPLAY (LED) LASER TV (FORTHCOMING) CARBON NANOTUBES (EXPERIMENTAL)

CATHODE RAY TUBE ONE OF THE EARLIEST ELECTRONIC

DISPLAYS IS THE CATHODE RAY TUBE (CRT), WHICH WAS MADE COMMERCIAL IN 1922.

THE CRT CONSISTS OF AN ELECTRON GUN THAT FORMS IMAGES BY FIRING ELECTRONS ONTO A PHOSPHOR-COATED SCREEN. THE EARLIEST CRTS WERE MONOCHROME AND WERE USED PRIMARILY IN OSCILLOSCOPES AND BLACK AND WHITE TELEVISIONS.

THE FIRST COMMERCIAL COLOUR CRT WAS PRODUCED IN 1954.CRTS WERE THE SINGLE MOST POPULAR DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY USED IN TELEVISION SETS AND COMPUTER MONITORS FOR OVER HALF A CENTURY; IT WAS NOT UNTIL THE 2000S THAT LCDS BEGAN TO GRADUALLY REPLACE THEM.

CRT MECHANISM

MONOCHROME CRT

COLOR CRT

PLASMA DISPLAY PANELS (PDP) A PLASMA DISPLAY PANEL (PDP) IS A TYPE OF

FLAT PANEL DISPLAY COMMON TO LARGE TV DISPLAYS 30 INCHES (76 CM) OR LARGER.

THEY ARE CALLED "PLASMA" DISPLAYS BECAUSE THE TECHNOLOGY UTILIZES SMALL CELLS CONTAINING ELECTRICALLY CHARGED IONIZED GASES, OR WHAT ARE IN ESSENCE CHAMBERS MORE COMMONLY KNOWN AS FLUORESCENT LAMPS.

PLASMA DISPLAY SCREENS ARE MADE FROM GLASS, WHICH REFLECTS MORE LIGHT THAN THE MATERIAL USED TO MAKE AN LCD SCREEN.

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY A LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD) IS A

FLAT PANEL DISPLAY, ELECTRONIC VISUAL DISPLAY, VIDEO DISPLAY THAT USES THE LIGHT MODULATING PROPERTIES OF LIQUID CRYSTALS (LCS). LCS DO NOT EMIT LIGHT DIRECTLY.

THEY ARE USED IN A WIDE RANGE OF APPLICATIONS, INCLUDING COMPUTER MONITORS, TELEVISION, INSTRUMENT PANELS, AIRCRAFT COCKPIT DISPLAYS, SIGNAGE, ETC.

THEY ARE USUALLY MORE COMPACT, LIGHTWEIGHT, PORTABLE, LESS EXPENSIVE, MORE RELIABLE, AND EASIER ON THE EYES.THEY ARE AVAILABLE IN A WIDER RANGE OF SCREEN SIZES THAN CRT AND PLASMA DISPLAYS.

LCDS ARE MORE ENERGY EFFICIENT AND OFFER SAFER DISPOSAL THAN CRTS. ITS LOW ELECTRICAL POWER CONSUMPTION ENABLES IT TO BE USED IN BATTERY-POWERED ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT.

IT IS AN ELECTRONICALLY MODULATED OPTICAL DEVICE MADE UP OF ANY NUMBER OF PIXELS FILLED WITH LIQUID CRYSTALS AND ARRAYED IN FRONT OF A LIGHT SOURCE (BACKLIGHT) OR REFLECTOR TO PRODUCE IMAGES IN COLOR OR MONOCHROME.

THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF LCD. HPA DISPLAY THIN-FILM TRANSISTOR DISPLAYS (TFT)

LED DISPLAY AN LED DISPLAY IS A FLAT PANEL DISPLAY, WHICH

USES LIGHT-EMITTING DIODES AS A VIDEO DISPLAY. A LED PANEL IS A SMALL DISPLAY, OR A COMPONENT

OF A LARGER DISPLAY. LED PANELS ARE SOMETIMES USED AS FORM OF

LIGHTING, FOR THE PURPOSE OF GENERAL ILLUMINATION, TASK LIGHTING, OR EVEN STAGE LIGHTING RATHER THAN DISPLAY.

USUALLY LED DISPLAYS RADIATE RED, ORANGE, YELLOW OR GREEN LIGHT.

THEY HAVE A WIDE OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, ARE INEXPENSIVE, EASILY INTERFACED TO DIGITAL LOGIC, EASILY MULTIPLEXED, DO NOT REQUIRE HIGH VOLTAGES AND HAVE FAST RESPONSE TIME.

THE VIEWING ANGLE IS GOOD AND DISPLAY OF ARBITRARY NUMBERS OF DIGITS IS EASILY ASSEMBLED.

THE LARGEST LED TELEVISION DISPLAY

2011 UEFA CHAMPIONS LEAGUE FINAL MATCH BETWEEN MANCHESTER UNITED AND BARCELONA WAS BROADCASTED LIVE ON EKTA SCREEN. AND EKTA’S UKRAINIAN PRODUCED 3D LED TV MAKES THE GUINNESS BOOK OF WORLD RECORDS.

THREE DIMENSIONAL

SWEPT-VOLUME DISPLAY VARIFOCAL MIRROR DISPLAY EMISSIVE VOLUME DISPLAY LASER DISPLAY HOLOGRAPHIC DISPLAY

• A LASER LIGHTING DISPLAY OR LASER LIGHT SHOW INVOLVES THE USE OF

LASER LIGHT TO ENTERTAIN AN AUDIENCE.

A LASER LIGHT SHOW MAY CONSIST ONLY OF PROJECTED LASER

BEAMS SET TO MUSIC, OR MAY ACCOMPANY ANOTHER FORM OF ENTERTAINMENT, TYPICALLY A DANCE CONCERT OR OTHER MUSICAL

PERFORMANCE.

A HOLOGRAPHIC SCREEN IS A DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY THAT USES COATED GLASS MEDIA FOR THE PROJECTION SURFACE OF A

VIDEO PROJECTOR.

WHAT IS PRINTERS ? AN OUTPUT DEVICE THAT PRODUCES TEXT AND GRAPHICS ON A PHYSICAL MEDIUM SUCH AS PAPER OR TRANSPARENCY FILM.THE IDEA OF A COMPUTER PRINTER WAS FIRST INTRODUCED BY CHARLES BABBAGE IN THE MID 1800’S, BUT HIS IDEA WAS NEVER CREATED AT THAT TIME DUE TO LACK OF FUNDING AND SUPPORT.BUT IN 1985 A TEAM OF ENGINEERS WORKING FOR THE SCIENCE MUSEUM IN LONDON FOUND HIS PLANS AND DECIDED TO MAKE HIS PRINTER, THEY FINISHED MAKING IT IN 1991.

BABBAGE'S PRINTER

TYPES OF PRINTERS THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF PRINTERS.

1. IMPACT PRINTERS1. DOT MATRIX PRINTERS2. LINE PRINTERS

2. NONIMPACT PRINTERS1. INK-JET PRINTERS2. LASER PRINTERS3. THERMAL PRINTERS4. PLOTTERS AND LARGE-FORMAT PRINTERS5. SPECIAL-PURPOSE PRINTERS

IMPACT PRINTERS DOTMATRIX PRINTERS

1. WAS INVENTED IN 1971.2. SMALL DOTS FORM CHARACTERS3. CONTINUOUS FORM PAPER4. MORE PINS ON PRINT HEAD MEANS HIGHER

QUALITY5. SPEED MEASURED IN CHARACTERS PER

SECOND (CPS)

IMPACT PRINTERS LINE PRINTERS

1. HIGH SPEED2. PRINTS AN ENTIRE LINE AT A TIME3. BAND PRINTER4. SHUTTLE-MATRIX PRINTER

NON-IMPACT PRINTERS NO MECHANISM STRIKES THE PAPER MUCH QUIETER THAN IMPACT PRINTERS

INK-JET PRINTERSNOZZLES SPRAY INKSPRAY TINY DROPS OF INK ONTO THE

PAPERBOTH BLACK-AND-WHITE AND COLORRESOLUTION MEASURED IN DOTS PER

INCH (DPI)SPEED MEASURED IN PAGES PER MINUTE

(PPM)

NON-IMPACT PRINTERS LASER PRINTERS

HIGH-SPEED, HIGH-QUALITY NONIMPACT PRINTER

VERY HIGH QUALITY RESOLUTION - 600DPI TO 1,200 DPI

STORES ENTIRE PAGE BEFORE PRINTING IT

PAGE DESCRIPTION LANGUAGE (PDL) PCL (PRINTER CONTROL LANGUAGE) POSTSCRIPT

OPERATES MUCH LIKE A COPY MACHINETONERREPLACE CARTRIDGE

LASER PRINTERSMORE EXPENSIVE THAN INKJET OR

IMPACT PRINTERSUSE LASERS AS A LIGHT SOURCE

NON-IMPACT PRINTERS

THERMAL PRINTERS PUSHES ELECTRICALLY HEATED PINS

AGAINST HEAT-SENSITIVE PAPERTHERMAL WAX-TRANSFER PRINTERDYE-SUBLIMATION PRINTER

NON-IMPACT PRINTERS PLOTTERS AND LARGE-FORMAT PRINTERS

USED FOR HIGH-QUALITY DRAWINGS SUCH AS BLUEPRINTS, MAPS, CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS, AND SIGNS

PLOTTERS PEN PLOTTERS ELECTROSTATIC PLOTTERS

LARGE-FORMAT PRINTER PHOTO-REALISTIC QUALITY COLOR

PRINTS

NON-IMPACT PRINTERS

PLOTTER

NON-IMPACT PRINTERS SPECIAL-PURPOSE PRINTERS

PHOTO PRINTERPHOTO LAB QUALITY PICTURES

LABEL PRINTER

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