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Visual communication and typography
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“It is a rarer gift to lay words out properly than to write them.” Nicolas Barker, 1942– Book Collector, Typographer, Author
Prepared by Danielle Oser, APR
Dictionary Definition “A complete set of type of one size and face.”
Includes Three Characteristics typeface (shape of letters) style (attributes) size (height)
Must be legible and readable! Legibility = How easily a reader can decipher the letters
on the page. Readability = The document’s overall appearance.
Original typeface “textur” Never included a printer’s mark – used Johnannes Fust instead
Developed European movable type – 1439 ish Sued repeatedly for being unable to pay back creditors and having a “hot temper” *No portraits of him were made during his lifetime – these are guesses
Greece, printed symbols, 3800 years old
Invention of paper, 1900 years old Although the Egyptians use papyrus, paper made from wood pulp was invented by the Chinese
Chinese, 1100 years ago Chinese Pi Sheng invented movable type with characters made from clay in the 11th century
Korean, 600 years ago First known book printed with movable metal type
1410
1450 Christian devotional book popular in the Middle Ages Most common type of surviving medieval illuminated manuscript
“The Hours of Catherine of Cleves,” 1440
1456 4 years to produce 140 bibles on paper, 40 on vellum or leather 11 by 16 inches 50 pounds
Personal, Historical, Technical, Ethical, Cultural, Critical
The wrong choices make words hard to read and distract from their message Most typography choices are seldomly noticed
Typographical artist Tauba Auerbach
Artists seldom want their work to have a neutral reaction
https://www.google.com/search?q=barbara+kruger&client=fire fox-a&hs=Jv7&rls=org.mozilla :en-US:off icial&channel=sb&tbm=isch&imgil=b5tUxOkIWcqKnM%253A%253Bhttps%253A%252F%252Fencrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com%252Fimages%253Fq%253Dtbn%253AANd9GcTV6irY9Zp8FfcymN8TaSx3Aww4EFeD7d-fPiQ1FRWfS4EQSQ2v%253B360%253B258%253B74DEu4oxSELoSM%253Bhttp%25253A%25252F%25252Fwww.eng. f ju.edu.tw%25252FLi terary_Cri ticism%25252Ffeminism%25252Fkruger%25252Fkruger.htm&source=iu&usg=__-doG-XSBCc2nVSuc-gVbi4ZLo04%3D&sa=X&ei=9FUOU_WTAurr2wWj_YC4DQ&ved=0CKgBEP4dMA4&biw=1280&bih=894#imgdii=_
World of Awe
Cave Drawings, 32,000 Years Ago Writing has its beginnings in cave drawings
5000 years ago Sumerians were the first people to develop an organized system of writing
“Wedge-Shaped” Writing
Cuneiform story, 4000 years ago Believed to be the basis for the Noah story
“Holy Writing”
Hieroglyphics, 2300 Years Ago Two forms of hieroglyphics: hieratic and demotic
1000 years ago
Today about 1,000
3500 years ago First civilization to develop the alphabet
Introduces upper and lowercase letters
Developed the English 26-letter alphabet
1st American Newspaper with regular circulation
Helped to spread the printing industry in the 19th century
Invented the rotary printing press
Typeface Families
Serif = easy to read blocks of text
Blue Mtn
Sans serif = clean look
Blue Mtn
Novelty = special feeling
Blue Mtn Symbol = non-alphanumeric
Βλυε Μτν
Sometimes called Gothic Highly ornate and decorative
Went through tree separate forms
High-quality, High-class
Novelty Appear during the Industrial Revolution for advertising
Teagan White
Western feel Least used today
Originally called “block type” by its creator William Caslon IV No “feet” on the letter Used for “screens”
Kerning: Space between individual letters Leading: Space between lines of type
Size: Measured in Points Kerning: Space between letters Leading: Space between lines of type
Readable vs. Garbage Typefaces
Dark Ages of Typographical Design
Typography became and integral part of design
Changing the book publishing industry with Print-On-Demand and Portable Readers
Printed And Online Zines
Columns Gutter
Tauba Auerbach
