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An interactive PowerPoint presentation that introduces the concept of wave motion.
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What’s the first thing that comes to mind when you hear the word “wave”? We often think of common forms of waves such as the waves in the ocean. But there are many kinds of waves. Waves are all around us and we encounter them everyday. There are light waves, sound waves, and many more. In this section, we are going to look at common types of waves, what parts make up those waves, and real life examples of waves.
Amplitude is a measurement from equilibrium to the crest of a wave. Equilibrium is the point half way in between a
crest and a trough in the vertical direction. We
measure to the crest instead of the trough because then the amplitude is a positive
number. Amplitude is a measure of the intensity of a
wave. The symbol for amplitude is A and it is measured in meters.
The wavelength is the length of one
complete wave, or cycle. It is measured from crest to crest or from trough to trough for transverse waves.
It is similar for longitudinal waves as well. The symbol for wavelength is the
Greek letter lambda (λ) and is measured
in meters.
Period is the time it takes to complete one full cycle of a wave. A cycle is
from rarefaction to rarefaction or from
compression to compression for
longitudinal waves. It is similar for
transverse waves as well. The
symbol for period is T and it is measured in
seconds.
Frequency is the number of cycles
that occur for every unit of time. There are two equations
for frequency. These are used to make calculations with waves. The
symbol for frequency if f and it
is measured in cycles per second.
Frequency is the inverse of period:
Frequency is equal to the velocity ofa wave divided by the wavelength:
The crest is the highest point in the vertical direction for a transverse wave.
Similarly, the trough is the lowest point in the vertical
direction.
The compression of a longitudinal wave
is the part of the wave where the
particles in a wave are most dense.
Rarefaction is the part of the wave
where the particles are least dense.
There are many types of waves. In this section,
we’re specifically going to look at transverse waves and longitudinal waves,
as well as examine a special type of wave
called a standing wave. They are examples of mechanical waves. An
important concept about wave motion is that
waves transfer energy, NOT matter.
A transverse wave is characterized by
particle motion that is perpendicular to the wave energy. It
is important to understand that an individual particles do not move from
there original position on the
horizontal axis, they merely oscillate
vertically.
Click on the picture to visit a websitethat let’s you adjust the wavelengthand amplitude of a transverse wave.
A longitudinal wave is characterized by particle motion that
is parallel to the direction of the
wave energy. Even though they are in the same direction,
it is important to note that a particle does not move with the wave, it merely
oscillates in the same direction.
Click on the picture to visit a websitethat shows animated pictures of wavemotion.
In 1940, the Tacoma Narrows Bridge collapsed…
BONUS! News Reel For the Tacoma Narrows Tragedy
Know the following concepts and how to apply them to problems for the next
exam: