CHAPTER 25Africa, the Ottoman Empire, and

the New Imperialism,1800–1914

I. Africa: From the Slave Trade toEuropean Colonial Rule

A. Trade and Social Change

1. British abolitionist movement

2. American Colonization Society

3. Legitimate commerce

4. Redirection of slaves

I. Africa: From the Slave Trade toEuropean Colonial Rule

B. Islamic Revival and Expansion in Africa

1. Jihads

2. Sokoto caliphate

3. East Africa

I. Africa: From the Slave Trade toEuropean Colonial Rule

C. The Scramble for Africa, 1880–1914

1. Leopold II of Belgium-Belgian is an adjective used to describe something or someone connected to that country, such as the people: German people are from Germany, Belgian people are from Belgium.

2. Berlin Conference

3. Congo Free State

I. Africa: From the Slave Trade toEuropean Colonial Rule

D. Southern Africa in the Nineteenth Century

1. Afrikaners

2. Diamonds and De Beers

3. The Boer Wars

I. Africa: From the Slave Trade toEuropean Colonial Rule

E. Colonialism’s Impact After 1900

1. Pacified

2. Hindered education and services

3. African railroads

4. The enslaved

5. Commodities

II. The New Imperialism,1880–1914

A. Causes of the New Imperialism

1. Economic motives and gains

2. Colonial rivalries

3. Technological and military superiority

4. Special-interest groups

II. The New Imperialism,1880–1914

B. A “Civilizing Mission”

1. “The White Man’s Burden”

2. Christian missionaries

II. The New Imperialism,1880–1914

C. Critics of Imperialism

1. J. A. Hobson-Imperialism-unregulated economic capitalism instigated quest for empire

2. Joseph Conrad-Heart of Darkness- “pure selfishness”

3. European double standard

D. African and Asian Resistance

1. Hegemony

2. Nonconformists

III. The Islamic Heartland Under Pressure

A. Decline and Reform in the Ottoman Empire

1. The Balkans

2. Insubordination

3. Muhammad Ali

4. Tanzimat

5. Young Turks

III. The Islamic Heartland Under Pressure

B. Egypt: From Reform to British Occupation

1. Muhammad Ali

2. Modernization

3. European interests

4. Ismail-grandson of Ali:

5. Suez Canal-cost

6. Occupation

IV. The Expanding World EconomyWhat were the global consequences of European

industrialization between 1800 and 1914?

A. The Rise of Global Inequality

1. Nonindustrializing Third World

2. Income disparities

IV. The Expanding World Economy

B. The World Market

1. Britain’s influence

2. Improved transportation

3. Suez and Panama Canals

4. Communication

5. Investment

V. The Great Global MigrationWhat fueled migration, and what was the general pattern of this

unprecedented movement of people?

1. Causes

2. Typical European migrant

3. Migration chain

4. Asian migrants