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GreenHome NYC is pleased to announce their February 17 monthly forum, The Women of Green, at a location to be determined. In this 1.5 hour presentation, attendees will meet 12 women in the green field, established professionals who are trying and succeeding in changing the environmental movement. The presentation will be done in Pecha Kucha format, where each presenter is allowed 20 images, each shown for 20 seconds - giving 6 minutes 40 seconds of fame before the next presenter is up. This keeps presentations concise, the interest level up, and gives more people the chance to present. This is a forum for women (and maybe well-behaved men) to see the breadth of careers in the sustainable field that don’t involve what we like to call the green “bling” (ground source heat pumps, solar, wind, bamboo, green roofs, and the like). This will be held as the regular monthly forum meeting of GreenHomeNYC (www.greenhomenyc.org) an all- volunteer organization dedicated to helping people in the NYC region green their lives. It is being done in cooperation with Hunter’s CUNY Institute for Sustainable Cities;Admission is free but attendees can make a tax-deductable contribution to GreenHomeNYC at the forum. The Women of GreenChris Benedict, Chris Benedict, RA: Doing more with LessCatherine Bobenhausen, Veridian Energy and Environmental: Greening ProfessionalsErica Brabon, Steven Winter Associates: Health and SafetyMary Brennan, Community Preservation Corporation: Green LendingAnnie Chadwick, Clinton Community Garden: Community GardeningSharon Griffith, NYSERDA: 30 + NYSERDA and WeatherizationMaureen Mahle, Steven Winter Assoc.: Green Design and LEED CertificationAriella Maron, NYC Department of Citywide Administrative Services: Greening a GovernmentCharlotte Mathews, The Related Companies: Big and GreenTatiana Morin, NYC Soil and Water Conservation District: The water we wasteLesley Patrick, Hunter CUNY ISC: Trees or Global Warming
Citation preview
Urban Oases: Reclaiming Residential Yard Space
Evan Mason, MA
January, 2010
1. Environmental Science
2. Education3. Public Policy
Three-Pronged Approach to Reclaiming Open Space
Urban Open Space Types• Public: Parks, Greenstreets, Plazas, Street Trees• Private
– Courtyards and terraces;– Roofs;– Single family and small scale housing—
Riverdale, Staten Island, Sunnyside Gardens;
– Rowhouse backyards and front area ways;– Apartment building front, rear and side areaways;
NYC Manhattan Bronx Brooklyn Queens Staten IslandTotal Area (acres) 194,739 14,581 27,138 45,811 70,166 37,043Percent of New York City 100.00% 7.49% 13.94% 23.52% 36.03% 19.02%Open Space 113,077 6,145 16,002 22,606 41,713 26,611Percent of Total Borough Area - 42.14% 58.96% 49.35% 59.45% 71.84%Percent of Total NYC Area 58.07% 3.16% 8.22% 11.61% 21.42% 13.67%Private Open Space (acres) 53,991 1,831 6,343 10,674 20,975 14,167Percent of Total Borough Area - 12.56% 23.37% 23.30% 29.89% 38.24%Percent of Total NYC Area 27.72% 0.94% 3.26% 5.48% 10.77% 7.27%Yard Space (acres) 68,026 3,027 8,804 13,504 24,061 18,630Percent of Total Borough Area - 20.76% 32.44% 29.48% 34.29% 50.29%Percent of Total NYC Area 34.93% 1.55% 4.52% 6.93% 12.36% 9.57%Residential Yard Space (acres) 52,236 2,077 6,438 10,674 19,857 13,190Percent of Total Borough Area - 14.24% 23.72% 23.30% 28.30% 35.61%Percent of Total NYC Area 26.82% 1.07% 3.31% 5.48% 10.20% 6.77%LANDMARKWEST! AND CUNY Institute for Sustainable Cities, 2008
Summary of Open, Private, Yard, and Residential Space in New York City
How Much Urban Open Space is There?
Historic Preservation + Environmental Benefits =
New Approach to Preserving the Built and the Natural
Environments
Environmental Benefits• Reducing the amount of water needing
treatment by the City’s already overburdened water treatment system;
• Reducing temperatures (Urban Heat Island effect) and energy use over the hot summer months;
• Air quality improvement and air pollution reduction properties of trees and other vegetation
• Habitat
Blue JayRuby-Throated Hummingbird
Mourning Dove Downy Woodpecker
Tufted Titmouse
Habitat
Ecological Servicesand Climate Change
Stormwater FACTS: Retain/detain at the Source•27 billion gallons of untreated wastewater flow into our waterways annually;•NYC will have to spend $1.9 billion over the next 10 years to reduce the number of times a year that untreated wastewater flows into our waterways;•1.4 billion gallons of water per inch of rainfall runoff could be captured by the 53,000 acres of residential open space IF it were all covered with permeable surfaces;
Heavy Rains likely to increase precipitation in NYC 7.5-10%
Ecological ServicesTree, Air Pollution and Urban Heat Island
Trees and Vegetation:• Improve air quality;• Reduce temperatures;• Removing pollutants from the air;• Reduce energy consumption where tree canopies
shade nearby buildings.
Plunz, R. A History of Housing in New York City
Rowhouse—Garden Core
Typical Unclaimed Apartment Building Space
Photos: eDesign Dynamics
New York Magazine, 10/19/09
Public Policy• To meet PlaNYC goals,
work with property owners to control water from its source, and to encourage owners to plant trees and vegetation;
• Tax abatement program to remove concrete;
• Consider zoning reform to reduce rear yard additions, limit community facility encroachments into rear yards;
• Landmarks Law reform and/or enforcement to protect historic viewshedand city plan
So What can YOU do to help?
• Reclaim and Green even small bits of open space to which you have access
• Lobby your Building or your Landlord• Be creative—expansive!• Be inspired—encourage others• Develop an affordable, realizable plan that
meets your building’s needs
Affordable Strategies to Green your Open Space Sustainably
• Rainwater Harvesting—Rain Barrels• Inexpensive timers can be hooked up to hose
bibs• Use drought-tolerant plants• Concentrate more maintenance-heavy planting
in one area• NYC Council on the Environment—
Gardening Fact sheets http://www.cenyc.org/openspace/publications
Affordable Design
Drought-tolerant indigenous plants
Planters (large and small)
Design for your Building’s Needs
•Quiet•Play•Fold Laundry•Exercise•Community Space•Party
Ipe decks over soil
Rain barrels for irrigation
Permeable Pavements
Battery operated irrigation timer
Social Space—Use it! Enjoy it!
NY Times 3/13/08
Catherine Bobenhausen Viridian Energy and Environmental, LLC
Erica Brabon Steven Winter Associates, Inc.
Mary A BrennanThe Community Preservation Corporation
The Women of Green: Financing Green Retrofits•Refinance Debt•Replace/Upgrade Systems•Investigate Energy Waste•Get all government incentives•Get all utility incentives•Make building more profitable•Also safe, durable, comfortable, efficient
February 16, 2010Mary A. BrennanSVP, Head of Field [email protected]
Energy Efficiency in 1980 in NYC…
• 11,000 buildings owned by the City through tax foreclosure or owner abandonment
• Oil increased in price a few hundred percent in five years
• NYC Department of Housing Preservation and Development establishes an Office of Energy Conservation
An ad Campaign to teach people how to lower their bills and increase
comfort in their apartments!
Circa 1982
And for the summer!
Circa 1982
HPD Proposed a Prescriptive Energy Code
• All multifamily buildings• Phased installation of cost-effective
measures• All property tax deductable through J-51• Assailed by real estate community as
government telling owners what to do
The Community Preservation Corporation
• Non-profit 501 c(3) Mortgage Finance Company
• Founded in 1974 by NY Clearinghouse Banks
• Funded via consortium of more than 70 banks and insurance companies
• Serving the tri-state region – NY, NJ and CT
CPC Mission – Restoring Urban Communities
• Investment in multifamily and mixed use properties in low and moderate neighborhoods
• Diversify risk for our participating institutions
• Provide an economic platform of investment to spur recovery in distressed communities
• Develop and enhance public/private partnerships
The CPC One-Stop ShopConstruction &
Permanent Financing From
Participating Banks
CreditEnhancement
TechnicalAssistance
Borrower
Public Subsidies& Approvals
CPCCPC
CPC History and Performance
• Since inception more than 136,000 units of low and moderate income housing have been financed
• Combined public and private investment of over $7 billion
• Loan losses of less than 2% since inception
The CPC Green Initiative• Simple
– Access to capital in an illiquid environment– Construction & Permanent Loans for occupied properties
• Sensible– Energy retrofits improve property cash flow & increase value– Comply with pending state & federal legislation
• Sustainable– Extend efficiency and life cycle of building systems– Contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gases
Target Markets
• Existing multifamily housing stock throughout New York State
• Occupied cash-flowing rental properties:Must be able to measure energy usage at the beginning so anticipated savings can be measured post retrofit
• Gut rehabs and new construction do not qualify for this program.
How does it work?
1. Standard CPC application required with third party reports
• Appraisal, Engineering, Environmental
2. Standard credit review of borrower and property
3. Energy Audit - Performed by an Energy Expert• Measure current usage – create a building benchmark• Define retrofit work scope• Monitor the retrofit
CPC buildings - Fuel (#2, #4 & #6) Costs Per Sq. Ft.
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
$0-0
.50
$0.5
1-1.
00
$1.0
1-1.
50
$1.5
1-2.
00
$2.0
1-2.
50
$2.5
1-3.
00
$3.0
1-3.
50
$3.5
1-4.
00
Out
liers
Cost/Sq. Ft. ($)
avg = $1.88
CPC buildings - Fuel/Gas Costs Per Sq. Ft.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
$0-0
.50
$0.5
1-1.
00
$1.0
1-1.
50
$1.5
1-2.
00
$2.0
1-2.
50
$2.5
1-3.
00
$3.0
1-3.
50
$3.5
1-4.
00
Out
liers
Cost/Sq. Ft. ($)
avg = $1.44
CPC Buildings - Electric (Elevator) Costs Per Sq. Ft.
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
$0-.2
0
$.21
-.40
$.41
-.60
$.61
-.80
$.81
-1.0
0
$1.0
1-1.
20
$1.2
1-1.
40
$1.4
1-1.
60
$1.6
1-1.
80
$1.8
1-2.
00
$2.0
1-2.
20
$2.2
1-2.
40
$2.4
1-2.
60
$2.6
1-2.
80
$2.8
1-3.
00
Oul
iers
Cost/Sq. Ft. ($)
avg = $.64
CPC Buildings - Water Meter Costs Per Sq. Ft.
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
$0-.2
0
$.21
-.40
$.41
-.60
$.61
-.80
$.81
-1.0
0
$1.0
1-1.
20
$1.2
1-1.
40
$1.4
1-1.
60
$1.6
1-1.
80
$1.8
1-2.
00
$2.0
1-2.
20
$2.2
1-2.
40
$2.4
1-2.
60
$2.6
1-2.
80
$2.8
1-3.
00
Oul
iers
Cost/Sq. Ft. ($)
avg = $.68
What sort of savings (assume 20%)?
• $1.66+ .54 + .58 = $2.78/ft2• 20% savings = 56¢/ft2
For a 100 unit, 100,000/ft2 property:• $560 savings to owner per apt/year• $56,000 in a 100 unit building annually• Estimated to be between 7-10% of total expenses
Freddie Mac Green PILOT Program• Only available through CPC• Enhanced pricing
– 15-30 bps lower for retrofit buildings• Increased Leverage
– Up to 80% Loan to Value on Refinances– Added Leverage Used to fund Retrofit
• Work done post closing via escrow hold back– Typical scope is $3,000 - $5,000 per unit.
CPC Green Initiative• Simple - One Stop Shop
• Sensible - Increase Value and Cash Flow
• Sustainable - Better Buildings, Cleaner Environment
• Thanks for watching 20 slides…….
Annie ChadwickClinton Community Garden
Annie ChadwickClinton Community Garden
Sharon GriffithNYSERDA
The Women of GreenSharon Griffith
Project ManagerMarketing and Economic Development
New York State Energy Research and Development Authority
"Some people dream of success while others wake up and work hard at it!"
• In the Beginning– Eco Conscious
– Syracuse University
– Graduate School
– Graduation Day – Bill Moyers reality check
• Recession/Oil Embargo
• Energy Conservation
• Federal Study: Correlation between Low Income and energy costs.
• Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP)
• No Job Security
• NYS Dept of State, Div. of Economic Opportunity.– CSBG: Community Service Block Grants (shared)
• The TEST is the thing.
• The Value of a College Degree
• Connections to Community Based Organizations – Model Cities
• Personal Experience
• Experience
• On the Job training– Double paned windows and high dense
packed insulation– R value / U value / SIR / SSE – New Diagnostic Technologies
• Luck (Right Place/Right time)
• State’s First Energy Auditor exam.
• Field Rep exam finally developed
• New Director = More technical – Boiler tests, CFL’s, payback,
• Affordable Comfort Conferences
• Tools of the trade
• Hurdles• Benefits• Continual evolution – Building Science
• Building Science hits its stride
• State ethic rules
• Harlem Community Development Corp.– Subsidiary of Empire State Development
• Director of Weatherization
• Management issues (Authorities)
In the interim:
• NYSERDA & the Systems Benefit Charge (SBC)
• New Residential Director Connects to WAP
• NYC office opens
• NYSERDA mission more universal.– Commercial – Residential– Renewables– New technologies: Geothermal/Fuel Cells/
• Multiple Goals– Reduce Energy Use (electricity)– Market Transformation– Increase use of renewables (Solar/Wind)
• Accomplished via– Incentives
– Contractor Training
– Consumer Education
– Technical Support
– Marketing programs
• Marketing – Commercial– Residential– Media spokesperson – New York Energy $mart CommunitiesSM
• Market Transformation
• Economic Development
• EE now in Vogue: Green/Climate Change has been the stimulus
• RGGI Funding – Carbon Credit Sales
• Green Jobs/Green NY - April 2010 - $112m
• Pathways to a State Gov’t job.
• Pathways to a NYSERDA job
• Professional networks
• Professional Organizations
• Certification Groups
NYC office went from 4 to 6 to 17
• BA in Sociology • BA in English Literature • MS in Social Work • Certificate in Business, • Administrative Assistant • BS in Physics • BS in Earth, Atmosphere, and
Planetary Sciences • Energy Management • Master of Urban Planning • MS in City and Regional
Planning • M.S.E. in Environmental
Engineering
• BA in Environmental Studies • BA in English • BA in Psychology • BS in Environmental Science • BA in Physics • BA in Environmental Design and
Architecture • MS in Solid-State Physics • Master’s of Engineering in
Sustainable Energy • BSE in Materials Science and
Engineering • BA in Environmental Studies
• Green Jobs not limited (still confusion)
• Challenge of word burnout
• Experience
• Training
• Proud• Happy• Grateful• Impressed• Scared• Bouyed• Humbled• Willing• Lucky
Energy Efficiency
G R E E N
Maureen MahleSteven Winter Associates, Inc.
Maureen M. Mahle
Green Design and LEED® Certification
My company
My job
More on my job
Photo: Ken Wyner
Getting Started in Green
“Why learn it wrong?”
Green feels good
LEED for New Construction
ENERGY STAR
Residential green certification
LEED for Homes
National Green Building Standard
Green Communities
How do you build green?
No, REALLY…
Roles and responsibilities
More roles and responsibilities
Green building is still dirty work
Tackle the technical
Building science still rules
Reasons projects go green
Why certify?
Why certify?
Certification equals motivation
Great LEED Buildings
Charlotte MatthewsRelated Companies
Big and GreenCharlotte MatthewsVice President – SustainabilityRelated Companies
Time Warner Center Columbus Circle, NYC
Roots of Green
Countryside Drive Summit, New Jersey
Roots of Big
Hong Kong 1985
Hong Kong2005
Getting to Work
Giancarlo LaboratoriesBrown University
Architect: Payette Associates
Planting Seeds for Change
Source: www.datacenterknowledge.com
A Heat Wheel
Relationships Follow You
Café across the street Summer Street, Boston
Directing the Work
Bank of America Tower
LEED® CS Platinum anticipated
The Durst OrganizationCook + Fox
Big and Green
Tribeca GreenBattery Park City, NYC
LEED® NC Gold
Related Robert A.M. Stern
Executing the Work
Construction Waste Management (Done Right, from the Inside)
Managing the Work
Archstone ClintonHells Kitchen, NYC
LEED® NC Certified
The Dermot CompanyFXFowle
The Lucida UES, NYC
LEED® NC Certification anticipated
Extell CorporationCook + Fox
Previous Labors Bearing Fruit
The BromptonUpper East Side, NYC
LEED® NC Silver anticipated
RelatedRobert A.M. Stern
Entry into “Corporate” Sustainability
Bigger and Green
National September 11th Memorial and MuseumLEED® NC Gold anticipated
Bigger Target: Industry
Environmentalist as Owner/Developer
Snowmass Base Village, Colorado
LEED® ND Certification for neighborhood anticipatedLEED® NC Silver for individual buildings anticipated
Creating a Corporate Sustainability Strategy
https://www.related.com/ourcompany/businesses/16/Sustainability/
Really Big and Green
Hudson Yards Planned development of 26-acre
Manhattan rail yards
LEED® ND Certification for neighborhood committed
LEED® NC Silver for individual buildings committed
Related Companies
Codifying Green Building
Leading by Example
W42nd Street Planned development of 1.2M SF
condo, rental, hotel and theatre
LEED® NC Silver anticipated
Related CompaniesArquitectonica and SLCE with Frank Gehry Theatre
Past to Present foretells Open Future
The Clarendon / One Back BayBoston
LEED® NC Silver anticipated
Related CompaniesRobert A.M. Stern
Tatiana MorinNYC SWCD
Resource Waste or
PHOTO COURTESY OF: http://picasaweb.google.com/lh/photo/4nz8PLMyvPRgPpGVyoqQqA
8.25 million New Yorkers
+ millions of
workers and tourists that visit NYC each day
….stormwater picks up everything off the streets, roofs, sidewalks parking lots and construction sites..
…and takes it down the drain where it combines with sewage
¼” rain + Combined Sewers + inadequate infrastructure + high % impervious surface =
CSOs
Separate Sewer Outfalls
CSOs
Newtown Creek(Courtesy of Riverkeeper)
St. Nevin’s Street.
Source: Final Report of the Blue Ribbon Commission on Sustainability and the MTA
Source:http://www.nydailynews.com/ny_local/galleries/
Croton Filtration Plant
Why all this Waste?
The Cost of Water
For municipal water you pay 2X:
(1) water supplied + (1) sewer costs(Whether the water actually goes down the sewer or not)
1000 Gallons
$5-$7 per
Stormwater Rate Structure Study
•This would establish a separate pricing structure for stormwatergeneration characteristic of specific land uses
•Potential credit programs are being reviewed to incentivize intallations of stormwater BMPsand water conservation measures
The Near Future…..Your wallet
Developments in the Croton Watershed
Marcellus Shale Formation 2008 Production
The Bright Side: OpportunitiesplaNYC
•LIDs•Water Conservation•Smart Use
Sustainable StormwaterManagement Plan 2008 DDC Construction Code, Local Law 86 of 2005, Design Consulting Guide 2003DEP Long Term Control Plan, JBWPP
Green Roof Tax Abatement Legislation
Principles of LID
Private Development •Urban/suburban/exurban•Residential•Commercial•Industrial
Government Facilities•State/local government buildings•Public schools•Public Housing•Public transit
Public Works/Infrastructure•Streets•Highways•Sidewalks•parks
Why Be Water-Efficient?
Potable water Stormwater, CSOs &
Climate Change
sewage flow via water conservation and capturing stormwater flow
wastewater = better treatment and less nitrogen loading
The Three Rules ofWater Conservation and Efficiency
Reduce Repair
Retrofit
Conserving home72.5
49.6
32%Savings
Non-conserving home
I Rent. Why Should I Care?
• Increased operating costs provide a basis for landlords to receive larger rent increases under the rent stabilization system
• NYC RGB studies operating costs, including water utility costs, each year as part of the rent guidelines process
• Ultimately, if you waste, you pay.
ToiletsSwitch to 1.6 GPF
Waterless UrinalsDual-flush or low-flush toilets ~0.8 GPF
ShowersSource: www.farm2.static.flickr.com/1127/551241770_e9e9f5..
12 GPM BAD!Average: 4-7 gpmLow flow ≤ 2.5 gpm
Source: Home Depot
1.6GPM
WashingStandard washing machines use 40-50 GPL
• 18-25 GPL• 40% less energy• Reduced drying
time.
The Bathroom Sink• Hand-washing and tooth-brushing• Do these activities really require high volumes of
water?0.5 gpm
The Kitchen Sink• Average 1.5 – 5.0 gpm• Should flow < 2.2 gpm
Water temperatures should be reduced to 120o F at point of delivery
Water ↔ Energy = $•Water regulated the temperature on earth
•Vegetation can act to move heat out of the lower atmosphere in the form of vapour phase water
•Energy and Water costs are increasing worldwide
•Urban Heat Island Effect pronounces these costs
Carina MolnarCUNY ISC
2006An Inconvenient Truth
200847% of Americans believe that climate change is caused by human activity.
200936%
LifeInALaboratoryIs Non‐stopAdventure.
Image drawn by Patsy Chen.
College level Environmental Studies students
had never read Walden…
or even heard of Henry David Thoreau.
I almost cried.
And then I made them read it.
And then they didn’t want to take my class.
Treating the environment as a “thing,”
located in one specific geographic location,
that needs your attention for protection,
has not worked.
Source: Marda Kern
Source: Mary Miss and Marda Kern
Cities can be solutions.
But only if we do them right.
human behavior and the city
Painting: Nancy Weber
Culturally, we love the city. Neurologically, we have a hard time in this place.
“…when people say: ‘As a scientist, would you say…that we know that people need nature?’
I say: ‘As a scientist I can’t tell you. I’m not ready to say that,’ ”Kuo said.
“ ‘But as a mother who knows the scientific literature, I would say, yes.’ ”
This city is what it is because our citizens are what they are.‐Plato
The End
Can we have a big hand for our presenters?