A SEMINAR ON WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF MADHURI KANJILAL

PRESENTED BY :

ARPAN SAHA

ABHISHEK ADHIKARY

ARNAB ADHIKARI

SUBHAM MITRA

TOUHID ALAM

DEPT: ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

CAMELLIA SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

CONTENTS:

1. INTRODUCTION

2. BACKGROUND

3. INNOVATIONS & EXPERIMENTS CONDUCTED

4. METHODS OF WIRELESS TRANSMISSION

5. ADVANTAGES

6. DISADVANTAGES

7. ISSUES AND FUNDING

8. CONCLUSION

9. A DEMONSTRATION OF WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION

INTRODUCTION

As the name suggests wireless power transmission is not a dream anymore. I t wil l be a reality to transmit electric power without using any cables or wires in future. Even the most remote places in the world and most importantly the vil lages of India not having any access to electricity and technology could be benif itted.

Also the losses of the distr ibution system would be signif icantly reduced which is nearly 27% of the energy generated.

Microwave Power Transmission is one of the promising

technologies and may be the righteous alternative for efficient

power transmission.

BACKGROUND

Nikola Tesla he is who invented radio and shown us he is indeed

the “Father of Wireless”. Nikola Tesla is the one who first

conceived

the idea Wireless Power Transmission and demonstrated “the

transmission of electrical energy without wires" that depends upon

electrical conductivity as early as 1891[2]. In 1893, Tesla

demonstrated the illumination of vacuum bulbs without using

wires for power transmission at the World Columbian Exposition

in Chicago.

INNOVATIONS & EXPERIMENTS CONDUCTED:

The Wardenclyffe tower shown in Figure 1 wasdesigned and constructed by Tesla mainly for

wirelesstransmission of electr ical power rather than

telegraphy Experiments in power transmission without

wires in the range of tens of kw have been performed at Goldstone in California in 1975 and at Grand Bassin on Reunion Island in 1977.

A physics research group, led by Prof. Marin Soljacic, at the Massachusetts Insti tute of technology(MIT) demonstrated wireless powering of a 60W l ight bulb with40% eff iciency at a 2m (7ft) distance using two 60cm-diametercoils in 2007 .

Electromagnetic Induction:The electrical transformer is probably the simplest example of wireless energy transfer. The primary and secondary circuits of a transformer are electrically isolated from each other. The transfer of energy takes place by electromagnetic coupling through a process known as induction.

Electromagnetic radiation:Electromagnetic radiation in the form of either radio waves or light can also be used to transfer energy wirelessly. While systems based upon this method are used mostly for information transfer, a high degree of efficiency in power transmission is also achievable under certain circumstances. Efficient power transmission via radio waves can be achieved by using shorter wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, typically in the microwave range. A rectenna may be used to convert the microwave energy back into electricity.

Evanescent wave coupling : i . Evanescent wave coupling is a process by which electromagnetic waves are

transmitted from one medium to another by means of the evanescent (or decaying) electromagnetic field(s).

ii. This is usually accomplished by placing two or more waveguides close together so that the evanescent field does not decay much in the vicinity of the other waveguide.

iii. I f a proper resonant waveguide is brought near the transmitter, the evanescent waves can al low the energy to tunnel (specifical ly evanescent wave coupl ing, the electromagnetic equivalent of tunnel ing) to the power drawing waveguide, where they can be rectif ied into DC power

CONDUCTION:CONDUCTION:

From experiments performed between 1888 and 1907 Nikola Tesla concluded that the earth is an excellent electr ical conductor, and an electric current can be made to propagate undiminished for distances of thousands of miles.

I t was also found that the earth’s natural electrical charge can be made to oscil late, "by impressing upon it [very low frequency] current waves of certain lengths, definitely related to i ts frequency.

ADVANTAGES:

• Power Loss is very less as compared to Power Loss is very less as compared to Wired Electricity Transmission.Wired Electricity Transmission.

• There is no need of Transmission Lines.There is no need of Transmission Lines.• Health and Environmental Experiments Health and Environmental Experiments

claim that Wireless Electricity Transmission claim that Wireless Electricity Transmission Using Microwaves and laser is safe.Using Microwaves and laser is safe.

DISADVANTAGES:

• Would Require a Network of hundreds of Would Require a Network of hundreds of satellites.satellites.

• The Cost of this Prototype Project Will Be The Cost of this Prototype Project Will Be $74 Billion approx. $74 Billion approx.

• Interference with other Electronic Devices Interference with other Electronic Devices will be there.will be there.

• The Size of Rectenna will be MassiveThe Size of Rectenna will be Massive

ISSUES AND FUNDING:• NASA:NASA: Funding The research, in charge of space flight for Funding The research, in charge of space flight for

the United States Of America.the United States Of America. NASA: Would be launching the satellites and doing NASA: Would be launching the satellites and doing

Maintenance . Maintenance .

• CoNClUSIoN: More Reliable Than Ground Based More Reliable Than Ground Based Solar Power Generation.Solar Power Generation.

• More Reliable Than Wired Electricity Transmission.More Reliable Than Wired Electricity Transmission.

• In Order To Have Wireless Electricity Transmission To In Order To Have Wireless Electricity Transmission To Become a Reality, Following Things Have To Happen:Become a Reality, Following Things Have To Happen:

#Government Support.#Government Support.#Cheaper Launch Prices.#Cheaper Launch Prices.#Involvement Of The Private Sector#Involvement Of The Private Sector