Exp No: 1 Date:

ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE BEAM USING STAAD.PRO

AIM

To familiarize the user interface and analyse a simple beam using STAAD.Pro

SOFTWARE USED

STAAD.Pro

THEORY

STAAD or (STAAD.Pro) is a STructural Analysis And Design Program developed by

Bentley Systems for the analysis and design of commercial buildings, bridges and highway

structures, industrial structures, chemical plant structures, dams, retaining walls, turbine

foundations, culverts and other embedded structures, etc. It is one of the first software

applications in the world made for the purpose of helping the structural engineers to automate

their work, to eliminate the tedious and lengthy procedures of the manual methods.

STRUCTURE

When a body is subjected to a system of loads and deformation takes place and the resistance

is set up against the deformation, then the body is known as structure. The structure are

means of transferring forces and moments.

ANALYSIS

Calculation of the response of structures to actions. Analysis is performed to calculate

1. Stress distribution

2. Displacement

3. Critical buckling loads

METHODS OF ANALYSIS

1. Force method (Forces are unknown)

a. Clayperon’s theorem of three moments

b. Matrix flexibility method

c. Consistent deformation method

d. Strain energy method.

2. Displacement Method (Displacements are unknowns)

a. Slope deflection method

b. Matrix stiffness method

c. Moment distribution method

d. FEM

e. Kani’s method

TYPES OF STRUCTURES

1. Statically determinate - When the equations of statistics are enough to determine all

the forces acting on the structures, in the structures, then, the structures are known as

statistically determinate structures.

2. Statically indeterminate structures - When the equations of statistical equilibrium

are not sufficient to determine all forces acting on the structure and in the structures,

then the structures are known as Statistically Indeterminate Structures. The equations

of consistent deformations are added to the equations of equilibrium inorder to

analyse the Statistically Indeterminate Structures.

STAAD Pro provides 4 different structure types

Type of

Structure Details

Space 3D framed structure with loads applied in any plane (The most general).

Plane 2D structure framed in the X-Y plane with loads in the same plane

Floor 2D or 3D structure having no horizontal (global X or Z) movement of the

structure (FX, FZ & MY, are restrained at every joint)

Truss

Any structure consists of truss members only, which can have only axial

member forces and no bending in the members Columns can also be modelled

with the floor in a FLOOR structure as long as the structure has no horizontal

loading. If there is any horizontal load, it must be analysed as a SPACE

structure.

GUI Interface of STAAD.Pro

GUI (GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE)INTERFACE OF STAAD.PRO

STAAD Pro METHEDOLOGY

WHAT ARE NODES, BEAMS, AND PLATES?

Node

Stiffed joint with 6 reactions. It is located at each end of Beam, and each corner

of Plate. Nodes considered the essence of the Geometry of any structure in

STAAD.Pro. Each Node will hold the following information:

Node Number.

Node Coordinate in XYZ space

Beam

Any member in the structure. It can be beam, column, bracing member, or truss

member. Each Beam will hold the following information:

• Beam Number.

The Node numbers at its ends.

Plate

a thin shell with multi-nodded shape

Starting from 3 nodes, and more. It can be anything of slab, wall, or raft

foundation. Each Plate will hold the following information:

• Plate Number.

• Node Numbers at each corner of it.

PROCEDURE:

1) STARTING THE PROGRAM

1. Start STAAD.Pro by double clicking on the icon

2. Click New Project Tick “ Space” Add ‘File Name’ and choose location

Change Length Units to “Meter” and Force units “Kilo Newton” Click ‘Next’.

3. Tick “ Add Beam” Click ‘Finish’.

2) GENERATING THE MODEL GEOMETRY

Select geometry from menu bar and click on ‘Nodes’ or we can add Nodes directly in

the Grid that appears in the main window.

4. Click on to View from +Z. [Can consider it as the Front view]

5. Draw the beam length using Snap Node.

3) SPECIFY MEMBER PROPERTIES

6. From the file menu go to

Commands Member property Prismatic Rectangle

YD = 0.4 m

ZD = 0.3 m

Click, Add Close

Click, Assign to view Assign Close

(Click ‘Yes’ when prompted to continue.)

4) SPECIFY SUPPORT TYPES

7. Commands Support specifications Fixed Click Add

Select support 2 Assign to view Assign

(Click ‘Yes’ when prompted to proceed)

5) SPECIFY MEMBER LOADS

8. To specify member loads, go to

Commands Loading Primary Load Give title (and type) Add

(In case more types of loads like u.d.l, u.v.l, etc, Add them too.)

9. From the ‘Data Area’,

Click ‘New’ Load items Member Load Concentrated force Provide values

of P, d1 and d2 Click Add Close.

Note: Provide Negative (-) sign for vertical loading

Similarly do same for all other loadings.

Select the added load from the ‘Load and Definition’ window in the data area.

Select the load Assign to view Assign Close

(Click ‘Yes’ when prompted to continue)

10. Scale the plotted beam loads as required. Goto toolbar

Scale Point Force (50), Dist.Force (25) ApplyOK

This will scale the length of the loads to eye view clarity.

11. Add Load values : Scale Labels Load values Apply OK.

The beam will display in main window. Eg:-

12. Add Dimensions

Click Dimension Dimension to View Display Close

6) ANALYSIS

Analysis consists of three phases – Pre-Analysis, Analysis, Post Analysis

13. Start Analysing the beam

Pre-Analysis:

Commands Pre- Analysis Print Member Information To View OK.

14. Analysis:

Commands Analysis Perform Analysis All or No Print OK.

15. Result Analysis:

Commands Post Analysis Analysis Results Yes OK

Commands Analyze Run Analysis

16. Results:

Mode Post processing Result view options Apply OK.

Click ‘View Output file’ Done.

It displays detailed output report. Print the full analysis report.

7) STRUCTURE DIAGRAMS

17. View structure diagrams

View Structure diagrams Loads and Results Apply OK.

18. To get the various diagrams like SFD, BMD, etc.

Result toolbar:

This may not visible like this. This is incorporated in toolbar as below. Click on

required icons to get various result diagrams.

Results View Values Beam results Ranges All

Go to the next tab – Beam Results Tick the required data Annotate

(You need to ON SFD and BMD or it will ask to ON automatically)

Click OK Close.

19. Analysis part is completed.

RESULT

Analysed a simple beam and plotted various structural diagrams using STAAD.Pro