CODING

PRESENTED BY : DINESH NIKAMROLL NO. : MT14IND013DEPARTMENT : MECHANICAL ENGINEERINGBRANCH : INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING(2014-2015)

Systematic concise representation of equipment, raw material, tools, spares, suppliers .

Coding refers to the process of assigning symbols to the parts.

Coding is define as process of allocating symbol to the parts. The symbol represent design characteristics of parts , manufacturing attributes or both.

CODING

IMPORTANCE OF CODING

Due to industrial requirement organization has to store large no. materials. Therefore there should be some mean of identifying them hence Coding is used.

Classification and codification of materials are steps in maintaining stores in a systematic way.

Materials are coded in such way that storing, issuing and identifying of materials become easy.

CRITERIA FOR EFFECTIVE CODING

Code should be Simple.

Code should be unique.

Coding should be compact, concise and consistent.

Code should be sufficiently flexible to meet future demands.

OBJECTIVES OF CODING

To bring all similar items together under one classification or group.

To classify an item according to its nature of characteristics.

To avoid duplication and confusion.

To fix essential parameters to specify an item.

ADVANTAGES OF CODING

The long names and description of items need not to be repeated every time.

Systematic grouping for correct identification of similar items.

Avoids duplicate stocks of same items.

Reduction in sizes and varieties.

Helps in standardization of materials.

Ensures accuracy in correspondence, records and postings of receipts and issues in appropriate records.

The storing of materials, sorting and documentation becomes easier.

It helps in location of materials. It helps in accounting and costing. It is useful for purchase department to select

suppliers. It is useful for communication of information about

materials.

DISADVANTAGES OF CODING

The mistakes may be in writing codes and it is difficult to find out correct codes.

Codes may be misunderstood.

When large number of codes is used for different materials, there may be confusion and it may be difficult to locate the materials without knowing the codes.

STORES VOCABULARY When large number of materials have been given codes,

it becomes difficult to remember them. For easy reference, the organization is publishing the codes and names of materials in books.

The stores vocabulary may be published in number of volumes of books when large number of materials are required in the organization.

Number of volumes of books may be categorized depending upon group of materials required in the organization

Example: In the Railways, the categories of materials required are in lakhs.

SYSTEM OF CODING

NUMERICALSYSTEM

ALPHA-NUMERICAL

SYSTEM

ALBHABETICSYSTEM

MNEMONICSYSTEM

DECIMALSYSTEM

COLORCODING

The numerical system of codification uses only numbers as codes of various materials kept in the stores.

It is simple method and easy to understand.

Simple Number: • To represent different groups of items.• Either one number 0 to 9 is allotted to each item of a

group.• If total items in a group are more than 10, then two

numbers 00 to 99 are allotted and so on.

NUMERICAL SYSTEM

Block Number :• To represent material belonging to each of the items

as subgroups.• The material of same characteristics or having

similarities are sub grouped as one item.• The block can be of three or more numbers

Dash(-) or stroke(/): • It is used in between numbers to represent the

material belonging to sub-group.

• The ‘Alphabets’ are used as symbols or codes to identify the items of stores.

• Group of items according to their nature and use are allotted an alphabetical starting code and other alphabets are used to identify exact items.

ALPHABETICAL SYSTEM

Starting alphabets as codes helps in memorizing the codes.

MNEMONIC SYSTEM

The alphabets and numbers together are used in this system of coding.

The group of items is coded by alphabets and subgroups and items of these groups are coded by numbers to identify the exact item.

The numbers used also give specifications like size, length, breadth, thickness, height, volume and weight etc.

ALPHA-NUMERIC SYSTEM

DECIMAL SYSTEM

• Color-coding easily identifies small parts.

• The various cables and wires of different colors are used in electrical fittings to identify their polarities.

• Color codes are also used in foundries to identify different patterns and metals.

COLOR CODING

EXAMPLE OF CODING PAN card

The fourth character of the PAN must be one of the following, depending on the type of assesse:

C — CompanyP — PersonH — HUF(Hindu Undivided Family)F — FirmA — Association of Persons (AOP)T — AOP (Trust)B — Body of Individuals (BOI)L — Local AuthorityJ — Artificial Juridical PersonG — Govt

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REFERENCES

Sadiwala, C.M., & Sasiwala, Ritesh C. (2007). MATERIALS AND FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT. New Delhi: New Age International Publisher.

< http://www.citeman.com/4466-codification-in-materials-management.html >

< http://www.shareyouressays.com/116388/8-common-methods-of-of-store-management-and-codification >

<http://www.materialsmanagement.info/inventory/inventory-cataloguing.htm >

QUESTIONS What is coding? Write down importance of coding? What are different type of coding ? Explain

it with example. What are advantages and disadvantages of

coding? Give any real life (daily routing) example of

coding?

THANK YOU