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Quality Assurance Test Methods Rela5ng to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Prac5cal Consequences Mr Daniel Ausling Consul’ng Engineer TUNRA Bulk Solids in associa5on with The Centre for Bulk Solids & Par5culate Technologies The University of Newcastle

Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

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Daniel Ausling delivered the presentation at 2014 Bulk Materials Handling Conference. The 11th annual Bulk Materials Handling Conference is an expert led forum focusing on the engineering behind the latest expansions and upgrades of bulk materials facilities. This conference will evaluate the latest engineering feats that are creating record levels of throughput whilst minimising downtime. For more information about the event, please visit: http://www.informa.com.au/bulkmaterials14

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Page 1: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

Quality  Assurance  Test  Methods  Rela5ng  to  Conveyor  Idler  Rolls  and  

Prac5cal  Consequences  

Mr  Daniel  Ausling  Consul'ng  Engineer  TUNRA  Bulk  Solidsin  associa5on  with  

The  Centre  for  Bulk  Solids  &  Par5culate  Technologies  The  University  of  Newcastle  

   

Page 2: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

Overview  

•   Standard  Rolling  Resistance  and  extensions  •   Dust  and  Moisture  Ingress  Tes5ng  •   Total  Indicated  Run-­‐out  (TIR)  •   Maximum  Indicated  Slope  (MIS)  •   Noise  Tes5ng  •   Dynamic  Unbalance  •   Internal  inspec5on  for  comparison  •   Underground  Applica5ons  (FRAS  Tes5ng)  •   Changing  Selec5on  Criteria  for  varying  applica5ons  •   Push  for  a  new  Australian  Standard  

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Page 3: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

Idler  Rota5onal  Resistance  

•   Represents  one  of  three  sta5c  mo5on  resistance  of  conveyor  systems.  

•  Indenta5on  Rolling  Resistance  • Belt/Bulk  Material  Flexure  •  Idler  Rota5onal  Resistance    

 •   Significance  in  total  mo5on  resistance  varies  from  minor  to  significant  depending  on  system  layout/design.  

•   Basic  measure  of  idler  rota5on  resistance  is  commonly  known  as  Rim  Drag  tes5ng.  

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Page 4: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

Rim  Drag  Tes5ng  

•   TBS  rim  drag  tes5ng    apparatus    •   Other  designs  exist.    

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Page 5: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

Rim  Drag  Tes5ng  

•   Most  common  tes5ng  conducted  at  “standard  condi5ons”  

• 25kg  Load  (equivalent  to  no  load)  • 20-­‐25oC  Ambient  Temperature  • Variable  Speed  –  generally  tailored  for  specific  client  applica5on  

•   Varia5on  in  behaviour  exists  as  test  condi5ons  change  

• Varia5on  with  temperature  • Varia5on  with  rota5onal  speed  • Varia5on  with  load  

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Page 6: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

Rim  Drag  Tes5ng  

•   Important  to  consider  and  test  for  idler  behaviour  under  all  condi5ons  expected  to  be  experienced  during  idler  life5me.  

 •   Also  consider  transient  behaviour.  

•  Ini5al  behaviour  –  Breakaway  Force  •  Ini5al  behaviour  –  Maximum  Start-­‐Up  Force  

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Page 7: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

Rim  Drag  Tes5ng  

•   Breakaway  Force  is  force  required  to  overcome  sta5c  fric5on  in  bearing  and  seal  arrangements  of  conveyor  idler  rolls.  

•   Maximum  Start-­‐Up  Force  is  the  peak  rota5onal  resistance  during  the  transient  phase  of  the  conveyor  idler  roll.  

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Page 8: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

 Typical  Conveyor  Idler  Roll  Rota5onal  Resistance  Profile  

•   Force  as  measured  at  shell  radius  

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Page 9: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

Idler  Rota5onal  Resistance  –  Research  Data  

•   Example  Data  Set    

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0  

50  

100  

150  

200  

250  

300  

350  

G1   G2   G3   G4  

Force  (%

)  

Idler  Group  Number  

Rim  Drag  

P1  

Bh  

Page 10: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

Indenta5on  Rolling  Resistance  –  Idler  Diameter  Influence  

•   Generally  the  major  mo5on  resistance  component  in  a  conveyor  system.  •   Larger  diameter  idler  rolls  leads  to  a  lower  indenta5on  rolling  resistance.  •   In  appropriate  applica5ons  consider  use  of  larger  diameter  central  idler  in  a  troughing  configura5on  in  order  to  reduce  indenta5on  rolling  resistance  and  load  related  idler  component  fa5gue.  

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Approximate load distribution at the belt and idler roll interface

Indentation rolling resistance distribution (bottom view)

Page 11: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

Indenta5on  Rolling  Resistance  –  Idler  Diameter  Influence   11

Ø125 mm Idler Roll Ø150 mm Idler Roll

Ø178 mm Idler Roll

Page 12: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

Dust  and  Moisture  Ingress  

•   Standard  test  exists  as  South  African  standard.  • Measure  of  how  much  and  how  quickly  fine  “dust”  and/or  water  ingresses  into  a  seal  arrangement  

•   Exis5ng  rig  provides  harder  test  for  idlers  by  inclining  the  idler  face  and  applying  a  normal  load.  

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Page 13: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

Dust  and  Moisture  Ingress  

•   Dust  Ingress  rig  under  development  to  test  to  SANS  and  harsher  condi5ons  as  required.  

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Page 14: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

Total  Indicated  Run-­‐out  (TIR)  and  Maximum  Indicated  Slope  (MIS)  

•   TIR  is  a  measure  of  the  concentricity  of  an  idler  shell  •   TIR  provides  a  general  indica5on  of  the  manufacturing  quality  of  a  conveyor  idler  roll  •   MIS  is  a  measure  of  concentricity  of  an  idler  shell  every  6  degrees.  •   MIS  has  been  shown  to  be  a  reliable  indicator  of  opera5ng  noise  of  a  conveyor  idler  roll.  •   Low  noise  idlers  are  generally  required  to  have  an  average  MIS  of  less  than  0.1mm.  

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Page 15: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

TIR  and  MIS  

•   Industry  specs  range  in  recommended  values.  •   Can  depend  on  idler  diameter,  length,  specifica5on  document  etc.  

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TIR MIS

Page 16: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

Conveyor  Idler  Roll  Noise  Tes5ng  

•   Two  key  terms:  Self  Noise  and  Opera'ng  Noise  • Self  Noise  is  a  measure  of  the  noise  created  by  the  interac5on  between  sealing  arrangement  components  •   Opera'ng  Noise  is  a  measure  of  self  noise  and  the  noise  created  due  to  idler  shell  and  conveyor  belt  interac5on.  •   Tes5ng  or  measures  for  self  noise  is  pointless  as  a  tool  for  predic5ng  noise  of  a  conveyor  system.  

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Page 17: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

Conveyor  Idler  Roll  Noise  Tes5ng  

•   TBS  Opera5ng  Noise  rig.  As  close  to  realis5c  tes5ng  as  possible.  •   Results  have  greater  relevance  however  are  only  directly  comparable  to  tes5ng  conducted  under  iden5cal  condi5ons.  •   Self  noise  tes5ng  can  be  useful  as  a  measure  of    incremental  improvement    of  successive  idler  designs.    

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Page 18: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

Dynamic  Unbalance  

•   A  test  to  determine  the  out-­‐of-­‐balance  mass  and  loca5on  for  each  end  of  the  conveyor  idler  roll.    

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Page 19: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

Dynamic  Unbalance  

•   Standard  test  speed  of  650rpm  however  other  speeds  available  to  suit  a  par5cular  conveyor  system  speed.  •   Another  general  indicator  of  manufacturing  quality.  •   Lower  out-­‐of-­‐balance  mass  will  reduce  stresses  on  idler  componentry  throughout  life  cycle.  •   Experience  suggests  out-­‐of-­‐balance  masses  of  <10g  represent  very  well  balanced  idlers.  With  masses  of  10g-­‐30g  represen5ng  a  well  balanced  general  purpose  conveyor  idler  roll.  

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Page 20: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

Internal  Inspec5on  

•   A  useful  tool  for  comparison  and  verifica5on  of  internal  design  specifica5ons.  •   Can  be  used  as  visual  aid  for  sealing  mechanism  comparison  for  a  supply  tender.  •   Can  be  used  as  idler  internal  componentry  verifica5on.  •   Can  be  used  as  inves5ga5ve  means  where  unusual  results  are  recorded  or  anomalies  are  found.  

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Page 21: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

Underground  Systems  –  FRAS  Tes5ng  

•   Fire  Resistant  An5-­‐Sta5c  test  procedures  are  required  for  any  non-­‐steel  idler  components  (MDG3608  –  NSW  Guideline).    •   Rag  of  tests  to  determine  opera5ng  performance  of  idlers  within  an  underground  coal  mining  environment.  

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Page 22: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

Underground  Systems  –  FRAS  Tes5ng  

•   Idler  related  current  test  range  • Combus5on  Propaga5on  Characteris5cs  (Gallery  Test)  •  Ignitability  and  Maximum  Surface  Temperature  of  Idler  Subject  to  Fric5on.  •  Ignitability  and  Flame  Propaga5on  Characteris5cs  (Finger  Burn  Test)  • Oxygen  Index  • Electrical  Resis5vity  • Toxicity  of  Products  of  Combus5on  

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Page 23: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

Conveyor  Idler  Roll  Selec5on  Criteria  

•   Purpose  defines  selec5on  criteria.  •   Selec5on  criteria  defines  scope  of  tes5ng.  

•   Consider:  • Conveyor  system  layout  • Above  or  below  ground    • Environmental  extremes  • Noise  requirements  • Life5me  calcula5ons  • Costs  

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Page 24: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

New  Australian  Standard  

•   Push  to  develop  a  standardised  ra5ng  system  for  conveyor  idler  rolls.  •   Example  system  for  ranking  idlers  based  on  following  characteris5cs:  

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  Very  High   High Good Standard

Shell  and  Bearing  Fa>gue  Life A B C D

Seal  Effec>veness A B C D

Rim  Drag     A B C D

Shell  Dimensional  Tolerance A B C D

Page 25: Daniel Ausling, TUNRA Bulk Solids, University of Newcastle, NSW, Quality Assurance Test Methods Relating to Conveyor Idler Rolls and Practical Consequences

QUESTIONS?