Team no. 79Team no. 79Is honored to present to you a research about Is honored to present to you a research about

The names of the team members -:

Mahmoud Mohamed Awd

Amr Anower

Muhammed Abd El-Hady

Mohamed Essam El-shirif

Mahmoud Mowafy

Mahmoud saeed El-said

And as we said always come over ; so human start to search the new thing that help us to continue our life alive .That was by finding new way called

Many ways found to get an alternative fuel involves “sunlight , wind , rain , tides , waves & geothermal heat “

So … thermal is limited , solar & wind energy low in efficiency

Then let’s find out which is Then let’s find out which is better for us better for us

The whole world is now using the idea of Alternative Fuel due to the increment The whole world is now using the idea of Alternative Fuel due to the increment

of fossil fuel pricesof fossil fuel prices

Using Alternative Fuel gives us many advantages as it saves money Using Alternative Fuel gives us many advantages as it saves money

and reduces the usage of fossil fuel and also using wastes that has no and reduces the usage of fossil fuel and also using wastes that has no

usage to produce extra energy .usage to produce extra energy .

The used materials usually are Agricultural waste, Rice Straw , The used materials usually are Agricultural waste, Rice Straw ,

Consumed Tires, Sewage wastes and RDF Consumed Tires, Sewage wastes and RDF

The Alternative Fuel materials are added with Natural gas or Diesel to The Alternative Fuel materials are added with Natural gas or Diesel to

produce more energy reducing the amount of primary fuel required to produce more energy reducing the amount of primary fuel required to

run the Oven .run the Oven .

Idea of Alternative Fuel is already been used in Egypt in many factories Idea of Alternative Fuel is already been used in Egypt in many factories

already already

Alternative Fuel

An Alternative Fuel unit has been already installed and tested at An Alternative Fuel unit has been already installed and tested at

InterCement company in Alexandria .InterCement company in Alexandria .

The unit managed to reduce the required natural gas by 20% and it’s The unit managed to reduce the required natural gas by 20% and it’s

expected to reach 25% with some moThe difications .expected to reach 25% with some moThe difications .

This unit uses 12 tons of Alternative fuel per hour “11 tons of agricultural This unit uses 12 tons of Alternative fuel per hour “11 tons of agricultural

and other biomass wastes and 1 ton of Tire chips “ .and other biomass wastes and 1 ton of Tire chips “ .

The main advantages : 1-useless

wastes , 2-using filters Disadvantages &

Solutions :1-the difficulty of separating RDF and shredding

Tiers into small chips so they can be added to the burner.

Solution : building units to get the materials of alternative fuel ready for the burner to be used .

Solution : using high quality filters to separate these emissions in a safe way and there are 2 types used :I. Type 1: Electro static pre separators:

Which is applying high voltage between thick metal sheets that will attract emitted ions & carbon dust then high power hummers hit the sheets so ions and carbon dust fall into the bottom and become easy to be collected .

I. Type 2: bag filters: The general idea is the double benefit :saving primary fuel

and money ,and getting rid of the wasted materials that pollutes the environment . So both industry and environment are winners in this case .

2-it can cause small reduction of production quantities due to the need of controlling emissions like CO2 , SO2 and CO

Solar Thermal Energy :-Advantages of Solar Thermal Energy:1)No Fuel Cost  2) Predictable 3) Using Existing Industrial Base 4) No Pollution and Global Warming Effects Disadvantages of Solar Thermal Energy: 1)High Costs   2) Water Issue  3) Ecological and Cultural Issues4) Limited Locations and Size Limitations  5)  Financing6)Future Technology has a high probability of making CSP

Obsolete 7) Long Gestation Time Leading to Cost Overruns 

SIDI KRIR SIDI KRIR

Reviews on sidikrir power stationProject (US$

million except $ per

kW below)

SidiKrir

Total project costs

417.8

$ per kW* 612.61Equity 139.2

Total debt 278.6Local debt 164.3

International (private) debt

114.3

Annual Energy output MWh

YEAR

2,091,542 2000

2,654,489 2007

2,931,094 2010

Carbon Dioxide emissions_kg

year

963,687,000.00 2000

1,201,980,000.00 2007

1,317,670,000.00 2010

Primary fuel type Natural Gas

Fuel type Heavy Fuel Oil + and Natural Gas

Generation capacity electrical MW

320 MW

Intensity kg CO2 per MWhelec

452.685 kg (0.453 tonne)

Intensitynextdecade kg CO2 per MWhelec

449.51 kg (0.45 tonne)

It all depend on report was published in 2005.

Finally,Time for Renewable Energy !!All the energy carriers discussed above are either fossil fuels. They are not renewable because they are not “refilled” by nature, at least not in a useful amount of time. In contrast, renewable energy carriers are energy carriers that are replenished by natural processes at a rate comparable or faster than its rate of consumption by humans. Consequently, hydro-, windand solar energy are renewable energy sources.

WIND ENERGY VS. SOLAR POWER – WHICH IS RIGHT FOR YOU?

• It really depends on your geographical location and energy requirements, but given the substantial investment involved with either option, it’s critical to select the right system for your needs from the outset. Getting it wrong can cause you not only great expense, but major headaches.

We take The Ivanpah Solar Electric We take The Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System as an example :Generating System as an example :

Solar field

Type CSP

CSP technology Solar power tower

Collectors 173,500

Site area 3,500 acres (1,420 ha)

Site resource 2,717 kW·h/m2/yr

Power generationUnits operational 3Make and model Siemens SST-900

Nameplate capacityUnit 1: 126 MWUnits 2 and 3: 133 MW each.Planned: 392 MW gross, 377 MW net

Capacity factor 31% (planned)Annual generation 1,079 GW·h(planned)

Wind EnergyWind Energy

The Roscoe Wind Farm as example

• Wind power is the use of air flow through wind Wind power is the use of air flow through wind turbines to mechanically power generators for electricity. turbines to mechanically power generators for electricity. • Wind power, as an alternative to burning fossil fuels, is Wind power, as an alternative to burning fossil fuels, is plentiful, renewable, widely distributed, clean, produces plentiful, renewable, widely distributed, clean, produces no greenhouse gasno greenhouse gas emissions during operation, and uses little land.emissions during operation, and uses little land.• The net effects on the environment are far less problematic than The net effects on the environment are far less problematic than those of non renewable power sources.those of non renewable power sources.

located 200 miles (320 kilometers)

wind turbines number 634

total installed capacity 781.5 MW

cost more than $1 billion

Roscoe was constructed in four phases. The first phase, Roscoe, was constructed in 2008

and consists of 209 Mitsubishi 1 MW turbines. Phase two is called Champion was also completed

in 2008 and includes 55 Siemens 2.3 MW machines. The third phase is called Pyron. Its 166 GE 1.5 MW

turbines were commissioned in mid-2009 shortly before

the fourth phase, Inadale, was completed. Inadale adds 197 more Mitsubishi 1MW turbines to the existing project.

We can see from all The Previous Examples That :-We can see from all The Previous Examples That :-Even solar or wind Energy is better but low in

efficiency , they came over Thermal one The Best Renewable Energy for Egypt is solar .. The Best Renewable Energy for Egypt is solar ..

Why ?? :- Why ?? :- Egypt has The eastern & western deserts .. We can

use it in solar energy by building it in wide range so that we can came over efficiency by numbering

But that dosen’t mean that we can’t use wind But that dosen’t mean that we can’t use wind energy :- energy :-

we have a wide coast we can also use it in producing electricity by wind energy by using the two kinds of wind tower “on shore or in sea”