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IMPLEMENTATION

OF INTELLIGENT

TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

[ ITS ]

Project Mentor - Asst Prof. T.R.Dakshayani

By-Gyanendra Prakash Ashutosh Verma

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AN OVERVIEW

The term INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM(ITS) refers to efforts to add information and communications technology to transport infrastructure in an effort to manage factors, such as vehicles, loads, and routes to improve safety and reduce vehicle wear, travel time, and fuel consumption.

ITS provides information to the road user i.e. pedestrians, vehicles either motorized or non-motorized for the easy and efficient use of existing road network.

Interest in ITS comes from the problems caused by traffic congestion

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CURRENT

SCENARIO

Japan and U.S.A. seems to have initiated the whole modern day notion of ITS with work carried out in the 1980s and 1970s respectively.

The World Congress and Exhibition on Intelligent Transport Systems and Services took place in Stockholm in September 2009 giscussing ITS in Daily Life and exploring how ITS can improve everyday mobility.

In India, Mysore is the only city where tenders for ITS has been finalized recently under the approval of World Bank and the Government of India.

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WHY NOIDA? The smaller the city, less complex will be the road

network and thereby less will be the implementation cost.

Main problems that would hamper this up-gradation to materialize won’t be just technological limits, but cultural, conceptual, social, emotional, political and economic as well. So the bigger the city the more complex this becomes.

While Noida becoming an industrial and IT hub there has been a significant increase in population and the roads have attracted heavy volume of traffic causing congestion.

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ITS FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM

ITS FOR VEHICULAR TRAFFIC FLOW

IMPLEMENTATION

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ITS FOR VEHICULAR

TRAFFIC FLOW The road network under consideration for the project

starts from kilometerage 13 to t-point at Sec.18 Metro station.

The total length of the project route is 9.7 kms.

The selected route consists of 4 lanes from C.I.S.F.camp t- point to Sec.62 Police chowki t-point enrouting 2 lanes for each direction of flow, and from there on consists of 6 lanes providing 3 lanes for each directions of movement.

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CURRENT PROBLEMS

Average time taken by vehicles to cover this road length in peak hours is about 60 minutes and in moderate traffic conditions is 35 minutes. The calculated average speed in peak hours is 10km/hr and in rest hours is 17km/hr, which is very slow and causing fuel loss and time loss in travelling.

Frequent road accidents due to traffic congestion, improper movement of vehicles and huge difference in relative speeds.

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CURRENT STATUS OF TRAFFIC FLOW

The current status of no. of vehicles passing through these intersections and t-points are listed below-

CHOWKI TO VIJAY NAGAR 33

CHOWKI TO ANAND VIHAR 19

VIJAY NAGAR TO CHOWKI 63

VIJAY NAGAR TO ANAND VIHAR 51

ANAND VIHAR TO CHOWKI 42

ANAND VIHAR TO VIJAY NAGAR 30

•C.I.S.F. CAMP T-POINT.

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ROAD NETWORK NO. OF VEHICLES

VASUNDHARA TO VIJAY NAGAR 12VASUNDHARA TO NOIDA 57

VIJAY NAGAR TO VASUNDHARA 17VIJAY NAGAR TO NOIDA 52

NOIDA TO VASUNDHARA 9NOIDA TO VIJAY NAGAR 23

•SEC. 62 POLICE CHOWKI T-POINT.

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MAMURA TO CORENTHUM 11MAMURA TO 62 CHOWKI 21CORENTHUM TO MAMURA 8CORENTHUM TO 62 CHOWKI 662 CHOWKI TO MAMURA 4362 CHOWKI TO CORENTHUM 12

•CORENTHUM T-POINT.

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MAMURA TO HEIRANK 5MAMURA TO 62 CHOWKI 19HEIRANK TO MAMURA 9HEIRANK TO 62 CHOWKI 862 CHOWKI TO HEIRANK 8

62 CHOWKI TO MAMURA 41

•HIERANK T-POINT.

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62 CHOWKI TO FORTIS 2462 CHOWKI TO MAMURA 48MAMURA TO FORTIS 11MAMURA TO 62 CHOWKI 23FORTIS TO MAMURA 13FORTIS TO 62 CHOWKI 9

•FORTIS T-POINT.

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62 CHOWKI TO J.S.S. 46SEC.66 TO J.S.S. 2362 CHOWKI TO SEC.66 1362 CHOWKI TO SAI MANDIR 44SEC.66 TO SAI MANDIR 27SEC.66 TO 62 CHOWKI 13J.S.S. TO 62 CHOWKI 29J.S.S. TO SEC.66 9J.S.S. TO AI MANDIR 21SAI MANDIR TO SEC.66 6SAI MANDIR TO 62 CHOWKI 20SAI MANDIR TO J.S.S. 31

•MAMURA INTERSECTION.

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MAMURA TO SHOPPRIX 32MAMURA TO SEC.71 6MAMURA TO SAI MANDIR 14SAI MANDIR TO MAMURA 16SAI MANDIR TO SHOPPRIX 7SAI MANDIR TO SEC.71 4SHOPPRIX TO MAMURA 6SHOPRIX TO SAI MANDIR 10SHOPPRIX TO SEC.71 5SEC.71 TO MAMURA 12SEC.71 TO SAI MANDIR 7

SEC.71 TO SHOPPRIX 4

•SEC. 61 INTERSECTION.

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SEC.60 TO SHOPPRIX 22SEC.60 TO SEC.61 INTERSECTION 3SEC.61 INTERSECTION TO SHOPPRIX

16

SEC.61 INTERSECTION TO SEC.60 6SHOPPRIX TO SEC.61 INTERSECTION

20

SHOPPRIX TO SEC.60 15

•SHOPPRIX T-POINT.

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SEWAGE PLANT TO ATTA 16SEWAGE PLANT TO SEC.23 5SEWAGE PLANT TO SEC.53 4SEC.53 TO ATTA 9SEC.53 TO SEC.23 5SEC.53 TO SEWAGE PLANT 6ATTA TO SEC.23 4ATTA TO SEC.53 3 ATTA TO SEWAGE PLANT 13SEC.23 TO SEC.53 9SEC.23 TO SEWAGE PLANT 8SEC.23 TO ATTA 22

•SEWAGE PLANT INTERSECTION.

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CITY CENTRE TO ADOBE OFFICE 8CITY CENTRE TO N.T.P.C. 18CITY CENTRE TO ATTA 7ATTA TO ADOBE OFFICE 7ATTA TO N.T.P.C. 32ATTA TO CITY CENTRE 22ADOBE OFFICE TO N.T.P.C. 6ADOBE OFFICE TO ATTA 20ADOBE OFFICE TO CITY CENTRE 25N.T.P.C. TO ATTA 18N.T.P.C. TO CITY CENTRE 12N.T.P.C. TO ADOBE OFFICE 6

•SEC.25 INTERSECTION.

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N.T.P.C. TO ATTA 22 N.T.P.C. TO SPICE MALL 10N.T.P.C.SEC.31 5SPICE MALL TO ATTA 9SPICE MALL TO SEC.31 9SPICE MALL TO N.T.P.C. 5ATTA TO SPICE MALL 8ATTA TO N.T.P.C. 15ATTA TO SEC.31 14SEC.31 TO ATTA 4SEC.31 TO SPICE MALL 6SEC.31 TO N.T.P.C. 12

•SEC.31 INTERSECTION.

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SOLUTIONS

Application of ‘Green Wave” phenomenon. Foot overbridge for pedestrians. Proper installation of informatory and regulatory sign

boards before the intersections and t-points. Installation of CCTVs and NPRDs. LED message boards.

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ENFORCED FLYOVER

The current scenario of the traffic between kilometrage 13 and Sec.62 Police chowki is worst during morning and evening time, while at noon the traffic flows pretty smoothly.

During the morning time the job workers and students from Vijaynagar and Vasundhara side head towards their respective offices and colleges in NOIDA and Delhi. Due to this there used to be congestion at Part A and Part B of the road network.

Likewise during evening when these users return back to their respective places at Vasundhara and Vijaynagar side, they cause congestion at Part C and Part D of the network.

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Lane DirectionAvg. Traffic Volume

(vehicles/hr)

From Vijaynagar 746

From Vasundhara 422

From Anand Vihar 192

From NOIDA sec-62 136

In the morning hours, traffic density entering and leaving in the region 1 shown previously from 4 different directions is as follows-

Lane DirectionAvg. Traffic Volume

(in Vehicles/hr)

Towards Vasundhara 124

Towards NOIDA sec-62 879

Towards Anand Vihar 267

Towards Vijaynagar 219

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In the evening hours, traffic density entering and leaving in the region 1 shown above from 4 different directions is as follows-

Lane DirectionAvg. Traffic Volume

(in Vehicles/hr)

From Vijaynagar 133

From Vasundhara 195

From Anand Vihar 184

From NOIDA sec-62 686

Lane DirectionAvg. Traffic Volume

(in vehicles/hr)

Towards Vasundhara 353

Towards NOIDA sec-62 151

Towards Anand Vihar 114

Towards Vijaynagar 643

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PROBLEMS

This congestion at respective parts of the road network

causes-

Increased traffic volume Increased travel time Improper traffic control Decreased traffic load Rough flow of traffic Rear end collisions

Increased fuel consumption

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SOLUTION

By introducing an enforced flyover and widening the road for an extra lane on both the sides of the network we can have the best possible solution of this congestion and the problems caused by it.

Widening of NH24 can be done starting from kilometerage 13 to 100 m ahead of Sec.62 chowki T-point. The main reason behind widening is to provide sufficient space for the construction of flyover and a clear two lane road course for the road users apart from the flyover.

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The enforced flyover with a start point 150 m after kilometrage 13 to 75 m ahead of the Sec.62 chowki t-point can be constructed to provide two extra lanes for the road users which can be used by the opposite traffic at different time of the day.

With total span of about 500 m the flyover can work as a one way road network providing two extra lane for the coming traffic of Vijay Nagar and Vasundhara side towards NOIDA for the first half time of the day. While during the second half time of the day the opposite traffic from the NOIDA and Anand Vihar side can be allowed to overpass the flyover resulting in the reduced traffic congestion at parts A, B, C, D of the region as mentioned earlier.

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ITS FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION

ITS is an umbrella term for advanced automation in moving vehicles. It includes vehicle-to-vehicle communication systems as well as collision avoidance and crash detection systems.

ITS also covers systems that monitor traffic in order to control signal lights, electronic speed limit signs, reversible lanes and other highway safety components

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AUTOMATIC VEHICLE

LOCATION (AVL)

The intended use of the AVL system is to improve the quality of passenger information and to assist staff in performing better route supervision and control to assure bus schedule adherence. Another important use of such systems is to develop a data warehouse to support a number of operating and strategic decisions for the transit system.

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WORKING OF

AVL

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FUNCTIONS OF AVL

Using vehicle location data to provide guidance on establishing running times for use in preparing passenger, vehicle and crew schedules.

This system will establish scheduled running times which is essential for proper transit management and operation. By using actual running time data derived from the AVL system, transit managers can obtain the information necessary to establish proper running times, eliminating the possibility of mistimed departure and arrival of buses.

The overall scope of the implementation will consist of design, development, testing, installation, commissioning, training, operations, and management of facilities. This project is planned to cover 250 Buses, 24 Bus Stops and 2 Bus Terminals.

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CONSIDERATIONS

Providing dedicated extra lane for the stoppage of buses, eliminating the inconveniency caused to the following traffic.

Providing informatory signs for bus stops at 50 and 100 meters approx. before the stops.

The arrival, departure and stoppage time duration should be scheduled and fixed.

Providing bus stops at appropriate distances away from the crossings.

Barring the standings of rickshaws n movable stalls at roadsides.

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Transportation Management

System

Every vehicle either motorized or non-motorized using road contributes to the traffic flow on that road.

Every road has certain maximum capacity, whenever that traffic capacity is crossed it leads to the traffic congestion.

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Survey

Travelling Straight Turning Right Turning Left Taking U-Turn

Mamura Crossing 118 35 21 4

Sector 37 Crossing 137 67 35 6

Gol

Chakkar105 55 22 3

Survey conducted at major crossings for 1 cycle of traffic light.

Movement of total number of vehicles from 4 directions at crossings.

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2. Matrix Method for Analysis of Intersections

This is the tool developed by us to study the traffic flow pattern at particular intersection. With the help of this, it easily provides solution to tackle traffic flow at the intersection.

It also helps to decide whether there is a need for a flyover or tunnel and if yes then its orientation.

Plus this system is easily adaptable with computer programming.

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3. Time based Reversible Traffic Flow System

During morning peak hours, one direction lanes of roads are over congested and opposite lanes are with a few vehicles. Whereas in evening hours condition is just reversed.

To tackle this problem, there should be controllable gates/barriers through ITS command centre just before the undivided road/flyover/tunnel.

There should be LED message boards, CCTVs, NPRDs controlled by the ITS command centre at proper distances from the end and start point.

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4. Using ITS Tools

Using CCTV

Using NPRD

LED Message boards

Controllable Barriers

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Conclusions

Increased productivity Reduction in travel time. Reduced traffic congestion. Control over fuel consumption. Decrease in number of accidents. Safety on roads by using Vehicle Tracking System. Efficient use of existing infrastructure. Increased tourist/road user satisfaction. Patronage of public transportation system.

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Thank You…