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Introduction to Electronics design , passing first by intro to electricity then some PCB desigining Hacks . this was part of OSTA LAB internship program in Fablab Egypt . it is the same curriculum needed to pass MIT Fab Academy .
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Electronics Design
AC vs. DC
• The big advantage that alternating current provides for the power grid is the fact that it is relatively easy to change the voltage of the power, using a device called a transformer. Power companies save a great deal of money this way, using very high voltages to transmit power over long distances.
Voltage ?
Low Pressure
H2O
High Pressure
A Battery
What Produces Voltage? Lab Power Supply
Solar Cell
Nerve Cell
Electric Power Plant
A few millivolts when activated by a synapse
Symbol of Voltage sources
5
+ _
+
_
Battery
~
Time-varying source
Solar Cell
. Generator (power plant)
AC vs. DC
• Did you hear about Current War between Nikola Tesla and Edison
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vN9aR2wKv0U
Battery
Power supply
ATX terminal values
What is the inverse of power supply ?
• How to invert the voltage from DC to AC ?
• Why do I need such an inversion ?
Power inverter
Current ?
• Current is the flow of charge from a voltage
source
• 1 Ampere (“Amp”) = Flow of 1 Coulomb/sec
Electrical Element
1) RESISTORS
Resistor in Circuit
Resistor insight
Resistor color code
Symbol of Resistor
4) LED
A light emitting diode is used to test circuit voltage outputs at every stage of the circuitry.
A LED is simply a diode in which energy is released in the form of photons due to electron transition in visible region.
Inductor
Circuit Diagram Symbol
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=STDlCdZnIsw
• Video :
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZYH9dGl4gUE
Capacitor
• They both store energy
• Capacitor stores it in the form of voltage
• Inductor stores it in the form of current
Capacitor VS Inductor
BreadBoard
Breadboard Apart
Breadboard
High current on breadboard
First Practical Circuit
Connection/wiring diagram
Connector
Snap 9v connector Single AA battery holder
Strip Board
Switches
• Industrial Buttons
Push buttons Reed switch
Limit Switch
Thermo Switch
KeyPad
Voltage Regulators
78XX 79XX lm317
LM317
Read Circuit Diagram
Symboles
Symbols
555
Light sensor using LDR
Relay
• Electromechanical Switch
Relay contactor N/O , N/C
Relay in a datasheet
Transistors
• BJT
• Mosfet
• J-Fet
• IGBT
PCB Design
PCB
Etching after Toner
Put components and Solder
Components types
• SMD
• Through holes
SMD
Through hole Parts
Packages
IC
Packages
Footprints
Schematic to PCB
Traces
• Idiom instead of Wires
Pads
What is wrong ?
Jumpers
• Wires on the components side
Jumpers
Programs to Design on
• Fritzing
• Eagle
• Proteus
• KiCAD
• Express PCB
• ORCAD
• Ultisim
• Altium
PCB Manufacturing
• Etching PCB
• Milling PCB ( modela )
• Electrolyte