Introduction of computer aided manufacturing.pptx

Computer Aided Manufacturing

Prepared byProf. Chirag patel

Department of Mechanical EngineeringPacific School Of Engineering, Surat

prof. Chirag Patel, PSE -surat 2

Introduction • Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) can be defined as the

use of computer systems to plan, manage and control the operations of a manufacturing plant through either direct or indirect computer interface with the plant’s production resources

• In other words, the use of computer system in non-design activities but in manufacturing process is called CAM

Types Of Manufacturing system Mass production system

Batch production system

Job shop

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Evolution Of CAM• The roots of CAD/CAM trail back to the beginning of civilization,

when the engineers of the ancient civilizations such as Egyptians, Greeks and Romans acknowledged the importance of the graphical communication.

• Later on, Leonardo Da Vinci developed technics, such as cross-hatching and isometric views

• The invention of computers and xerography made possible the creation of graphics and visualization (1991)

• In the early 1950s, shortly after the World War II, the need for complex parts led to the invention of the Numerical Control (NC) that substituted the requirements for skilled human machine operators (Chang et al. 2006)

• At the same time another invention, namely the digital computer, assisted the development of NC and provided the means for the creation of robots, computer aided design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) and flexible manufacturing systems (FMS)

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Benefit of CAM• The application of CAM in the production offers advantages to a company to

develop capabilities by combining traditional economies of scale with economies of

scope resulting in the desired flexibility and efficiency

• Greater supervision of the production

• Fast response to changes in market demand

• Greater flexibility

• Product variety

• Small lot-sizes

• Distributed processing capability

• Reduced waste

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TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO CAM

There are several constituent technologies in (CAM). Some of them are:• (i) Computer Numerical Control• (ii) CAM software• (iii) Robotics• (iv) Flexible manufacturing• (v) Computer Aided Process Planning• (vi) Enterprise resource planning• (vii) Product life cycle management

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Computer integrated Manufacturing - Introduction

WHAT IS COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING (CIM)

The term CIM comprises three words – computer, integrated and manufacturing. CIM is the application of computers in manufacturing in an integrated way.

CIM is an attempt to combine computer technologies in order to manage and control the entire business and manufacturing.

CIM is the computerization of design, manufacturing, distribution and financial/business function into one coherent system.

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Computer integrated Manufacturing - Introduction

Definition CIM is complete integration an automation of all function of factory i.e. design ,manufacturing planning and control, manufacturing and business function

Evolution of CIM• Concept of CIM has been involved since 1970,and starting devoting

as a technology since 1980 .• With globalization of economy ,manufacturing industries starting

cometing with each other all over the world • This has transformed market from seller driven to buyer driven and

customer occupied in the center stage .• The customer demanding more product variety ,better product

Quality and low cost product.• This has to led emergence of CIM

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Computer aided Manufacturing - IntroductionFactor affected to the development of CIM

Development and advancement of CNC,FMS and automation technologies.

Development of cost –effective and high speed computer system

Market Challenger - high labor cost, global computation ,buyer driven market

Customer demands – product variety ,better product Quality and law cost product

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Concept and Scope of CIM• CIM system Applied B computer and communication technology

to completely integrated and automate for following four factore Design Manufacturing planning and control Manufacturing Business Functions

CIM and CAD/CAM are very closely related but scope of CIM is Broder then CAD/CAM

CAD/CAM covers only all Function Of factory Operation where CIM covers Business Function in Addition .

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prof. Chirag Patel, PSE -surat 107/4/2016


CASA/SME’s CIM wheel

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Is CIM a concept or a technology?

CIM is both a concept and a technology. For, top management, CIM is a concept, a blueprint for success. For, middle management and line managers, CIM is a technology, a physical realization of resources that are more capable and flexible.

- Kant Vajpayee and Reiden

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Historical review of CIM• 1909 – Ford’s concepts of Production lines were used• 1923 – Automatic transfer lines were introduced.• 1952 – Generation of punched paper tapes • 1954 – First NC Milling machine used.• 1959 – application of control using digital computer • 1960 – First NC Control Unimate Robot was installed.• 1963 – Sketchpad usage• 1965 – International business machines developed.• 1973 – CNC – DNC Concepts developed• 1980 - Concept of FMS established.

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WHY CIM?

• To meet Competitive pressures.

• To coordinate and Organize data.

• To eliminate paper and cost associated with its use.

• To automate communication within a factory

• To facilitate simultaneous engineering.7/4/2016


Objectives of CIMThe main aim of CIM is to use the advanced information processing technology into all areas of manufacturing industry

More productive and efficient

Increase product reliability

Decrease the cost of production and maintenance

Reduces the number of hazardous jobs

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CIM I VS CIM IICIM I – COMPUTER INTERFACED MANUFACTURING

aimed at interfacing the existing systemsresult of the fourth generation of computers (data interfacing)

CIM II – COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING the integration of total manufacturing enterprises through the use of integrated systems and data communicationsresult of the fifth generation of computers (networking)finally, CIM II is a true CIM which means at true integration of

systems

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Computerized Elements of CIM system

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Impact of CIM on Personal • CIM has Affected all the company personnel from the lowest

rank oprator to the CEO of a company • The Impact of CIM on the workforce is more then that on the

technology itself Implementation Of CIM on Personnel

Downsizing of workforce Requinto of change in skill set Specialist Need to generalize and Generalize Need to Special Culture change in management

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Role of Manufacturing Engineers in CIM • Manufacturing Engineer is Versatile in Nature • Due to continuous upgrade and modification manufacturing

engineer must be closely interact with design engineer .• Manufacturing Engineer Need to understand design process,

especially CAD Tool• Manufacturing Engineer must be developed certain degree of

experty in the area of maintained of their own Machine .• Manufacturing Engineer must understand the various system

machine tool like hydraulic system, pneumatic systems, electrical systems, and computer system.

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Role Of Management • Development of business model for factory to understand the

problem • Develop a Functional model for the processes, function and

activities• Develop an information model for system interfaces ,

database ,information Exchange ,etc • Develop a network model for communication and networking• Develop an organizational model for integrating various island

of automation • Develop the implementation plan which takes into account

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End of Topic

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