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Investigation of Non-Newtonian nonofluids and effect to improve the

Drilling Fluid Properties

By: Hamed Motlagh (Msc candidate)Master by: Dr.Raeis zadehPresent to IAU-SH-spring 1395-(21-may-2016)

IN THE NAME OF THE GOD

Fluid flow chartNewtonians

Liquid

Fluids

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Viscoelastic fluid

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Fluid rehologic curve(Casson plastic)

(Pseudoplastic or power law)

(Dialtant)

(Deformation rate)

t

n

dydu

Plastic

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Non-Newtonian FluidsNewtonian

Fluid : dydu

t

Non-Newtonian Fluid : )dydu

η(τ

η is the apparent viscosity and is not constant for non-Newtonian fluids.

Model Fitting - Shear Stress vs. Shear Rate

t h g

t g

t g

t t h g

t t h g

t t g

<

>

+

+

+

·

·

·

K

K

K

n

n

y

n

c

y

n

n

n

( )

( )

1

1

12

0

Newtonian

Pseudoplastic

Dilatant

Bingham

Casson

Herschel-Bulkley

Summary of Viscosity Models·

·

·

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12

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t or = shear stress, gº = shear rate, a or h = apparent viscosity

m or K or K'= consistency index, n or n'= flow behavior index

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1. Subsurface pressure control 2. Cuttings removal and transport3. Suspension of solid particles4. Sealing of permeable formations5. Stabilizing the wellbore6. Preventing formation damage7. Cooling and lubricating the bit and drill string8. Transmitting hydraulic horsepower to the bit9. Facilitating the collection of formation data10. Partial support of drill string and casing weights11. Controlling corrosion12. Assisting in cementing and completion and logging operation13.Assist to minimize of torque,drag, sticking pipe

Principal Functions of Drilling Fluids

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Drilling mud circulation system

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Fluid TypesThe Bingham Plastic model has been used most often to

describe the flow characteristics of drilling fluids. It is one of the older rheological models currently in use. This model describes a fluid in which a finite force is required to initiate flow (yield point) and which then exhibits a constant viscosity with increasing shear rate (plastic viscosity).

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Bingham Plastic Fluids

The two-speed viscometer was designed to measure the Bingham Plastic rheological values for yield point and plastic viscosity. A flow curve for a typical drilling fluid taken on the two-speed Fann VG meter is illustrated in Figure below. The slope of the straight line portion of this

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Calculation of Bingham Plastic Fluids

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Measurment equipment

fann viscometer (V.G. meterMarsh funnel

(apparent visco meter) qrt/sec

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Nano fluid in the drilling mudNanofluids are a relatively new class of fluids which consist

of a base fluid with nano-sized particles (1–100 nm) suspended within them

Nanofluids possess the following advantages : High dispersion stability Reduced pumping power Reduced particle clogging Adjustable properties

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Effect on the Thermal conductivity

Nano particles Nano wires

Carbon nano tubesThin films

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Nano base mud

Nano- base drilling fluid , the fluid that at least one Nano additive particle size 100-1 nanometers Is . The ultimate goal of nanomaterials used in drilling mud , reduce costs through reduction of the overall goals Materials and content drilling mud and mud properties

Fluid loss control-wellbore stability Bit balling preventing Reduce of torque and drag force Removable of H2S with nano ZnO (nano zinc oxide) ZnO + H2S

ZnS +H2O Cementing operation Improve to HPHT condition with nano composite

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nano metal oxides (TiO2, Al2O3 and CuO) Reduction in Filtrate Reduction in Mud Cake Thickness High yield point, plastic viscosity and gel strength

CuO-ZnO nanofluids

Increase thermal conductivity ability of the mud to cool faster Increase electrical conductivity to prevent the degradation of and maintain the viscosity

ZrO2 nanofluids wettability modifiers for carbonate rocks

Drilling fluids with nano size polymer additives filtrate with enhanced oil recovery properties

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Increased pressure drop and pumping power

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Nanofluids thermal performance in turbulent flow and fully developed region

Higher viscosityLower specific heatThermal conductivityHigh cost of nanofluids

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Thank you for

attention