Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8 T H S E M E S T E R M A J O R P R O J E C T
SUBMITTED BY:- N.SAROJA KUMAR (1201210503) DIGVIJAY KUMAR(01210537) MANIKA NAYAK(1201210527)
22nd APRIL 2016
Measurement,protection and graphical observation of dc motor parameters by
atmega-16 using embedded system
1
GUIDED BY:-MR.MANOJ Kumar SWAIN ASST. PROFFESSOR department of EEE
CONTENTS:-• ABSTRACT• INTRODUCTION• COMPONENTS USED• ATMEGA16• CURRENT SENSOR• IR SENSOR• WORKING PRINCIPLE• BLOCK DIAGRAM• CIRCUIT DIAGRAM• SOFTWARE USED• APPLICATION• ADVANTAGES• CONCLUSION• REFERENCES• THANK YOU
8 T H S E M E S T E R M A J O R P R O J E C T
22nd APRIL 2016 2
8 T H S E M E S T E R M A J O R P R O J E C T
22nd APRIL 2016 3
ABSTRACT-
•The objective of the present paper is to design a circuit which is applicable for multiple purposes of a dc motor. •DC motors are widely used not only in the industries but also in daily life applications like drills, shapers, vacuum cleaner, spinning and weaving machines etc. So it is required to observe the basic parameters like voltage, current, speed and torque by measuring the values of those parameters.• The experimental values are measured using different techniques and displayed in a 16x4 LCD.• Two graphs have been plotted in graphical LCD by taking the respective parameter values.
8 T H S E M E S T E R M A J O R P R O J E C T
22nd APRIL 2016 4
INTRODUCTION-
•The main objective of this project is to measure, protect, speed control and graphical observation of different parameters of a DC motor with a minimum cost,portable, reliable, easy operation and low power application.•Large scale industries use different electric panels for controlling and smooth operation of high voltage DC motors. But it is difficult to invest that much of huge amount in small industrial labs, institutional labs, research centers, robotics clubs etc.•It is neither affordable to use for daily life appliances like drills, hair driers, mixer, sewing machines, vacuum cleaners nor in small business purposed motor applications like lathes, boring mills, spinning and weaving machines, elevators, etc.•So power electronics components and technology can be used both for improving the performance of the motor and implementation in its practical fields with the protection of the motor.
8 T H S E M E S T E R M A J O R P R O J E C T
22nd APRIL 2016 3
COMPONENT USED-•ATMEGA16 microcontroller•IR sensor•Current sensor•Motor driver•DC motor•16X4 lcd•Graphical lcd•Voltage regulator•Led•Capacitor•Resistor•LCD Preset
8 T H S E M E S T E R M A J O R P R O J E C T
22nd APRIL 2016 3
ATMEGA16-
ATMEGA16 PIN DESCRIPTION
8 T H S E M E S T E R M A J O R P R O J E C T
22nd APRIL 2016 3
ATMEGA16 DESCRIPTION-•The AVR architecture was conceived by two students at the Norwegian Institute of Technology (NTH), Alf-Egil Bogen and Vegard Wollan.•The AVR is a modified Harvard architecture 8-bit RISC single-chip microcontroller, which was developed by Atmel in 1996. The AVR was one of the first microcontroller families to use on-chip flash memory for program storage, as opposed to one-time programmable ROM, EPROM or EEPROM used by other microcontrollers.
8 T H S E M E S T E R M A J O R P R O J E C T
22nd APRIL 2016 3
•A current sensor is a device that detects electric current(AC or DC) in a wire, and generates a signal proportional to it.• The generated signal could be analog voltage or current or even digital output.• It can be then utilized to display the measured current in an ammeter or can be stored for further analysis in a data acquisition system or can be utilized for control purpose.
CURRENT SENSOR-
8 T H S E M E S T E R M A J O R P R O J E C T
22nd APRIL 2016 3
IR SENSORS-•An infrared sensor is an electronic instrument which is used to sense certain characteristics of its surroundings by either emitting and/or detecting infrared radiation. Infrared sensors are also capable of measuring the heat being emitted by an object and detecting motion.•An IR sensor consists of an emitter, detector and associated circuitry. •The circuit required to make an IR sensor consists of two parts; the emitter circuit and the receiver circuit.
8 T H S E M E S T E R M A J O R P R O J E C T
22nd APRIL 2016 5
WORKING PRINCIPLE-The total project consists of four sections i.e.
A. Measurement of Parameters(V,I,N,T) of a DC Motor • Voltage- Voltage divider circuit • Current- ACS712 current sensor • Speed- IR sensor• Torque- Power (HP) = Torque x Speed (RPM) / 63,025 Power (kW) = Torque x Speed (RPM) / 9.548
B. Giving limit values for protection purpose
C. Displaying the values- 16x4 LCD
D. Graphical observation of respective parameters(N~I, V~t)
8 T H S E M E S T E R M A J O R P R O J E C T
22nd APRIL 2016 6
BLOCK DIAGRAM-
8 T H S E M E S T E R M A J O R P R O J E C T
22nd APRIL 2016 3
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM-
8 T H S E M E S T E R M A J O R P R O J E C T
22nd APRIL 2016 3
SOFTWARE USED-
•AVR STUDIO 4•SINA PROG•WINAVR 2010•USPasp DRIVER
8 T H S E M E S T E R M A J O R P R O J E C T
22nd APRIL 2016 3
AVR STUDIO 4-AVR STUDIO 4 is used for writing the program and compilation of the program.
8 T H S E M E S T E R M A J O R P R O J E C T
22nd APRIL 2016 3
SINA PROG-SYNAPSE PRO is used for the burning and simulation of the program.
8 T H S E M E S T E R M A J O R P R O J E C T
22nd APRIL 2016 3
APPLICATION-•ROBOTIC CONTROLS.•SWING MACHINES.•ELECTRONIC BIKES.•WINDING MACHINES.•DC OPERATED DRILL MACHINES.•CNC MACHINES.•MOBILE AIR CONDITION FANS.•TOYS.•ELCTRONIC DOOR CONTROLLERS.•ELECTRONIC CHAIRS(beauty parlor etc.)
8 T H S E M E S T E R M A J O R P R O J E C T
22nd APRIL 2016 3
ADVANTAGES-•The voltage,current, torque and speed is measured and shown on the display which gives us a better option for using different devices.•The different electronics curves like V~T curve,I~T curve and N~T curve is shown on a graphical display.•You can set the values for cut off of different parameters like current,voltage etc and accordingly use the devices.
8 T H S E M E S T E R M A J O R P R O J E C T
22nd APRIL 2016 3
CONCLUSION-•DC motors are the most important machines of industries as these are used for the applications starting from toys to the tracking system. •So it is required to measure the different parameters of dc motor like voltage, current, speed of dc motor. •In this project the parameters will be measured automatically by a microcontroller instead of measuring manually by attaching the circuit to the shaft of the motor. Also a graph will be taken with the measurement for some observations.
8 T H S E M E S T E R M A J O R P R O J E C T
22nd APRIL 2016 3
REFERENCES-
•Gopal K. Dubey, “Fundamentals of Electric Drives”,.Narosa Publishing House New Delhi,1989.• S. M. Bashi, I. Aris and S.H. Hamad “Development of Single Phase Induction Motor Adjustable Speed Control Using M68HC11E-9 Microcontroller,” Journal of Applied Sciences 5 (2), pp. 249-252 .• Kumara MKSC, Dayananda PRD, Gunatillaka MDPR,Jayawickrama SS, “PC based speed controlling of a dc motor”, A fmal year report University of Moratuwa Illiniaus USA, 2001102. •J Nicolai and T Castagnet , “A Flexible Microcontroller Based Chopper Driving a Permanent Magnet DC Motor”, The European Power Electronics Application. 1993.• J. Chiasson, Nonlinear Differential-Geometric Techniques for Control of a Series DC Motor, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology.vol 2, pp.35-42,1994. • Yodyium Tipsuwan and Mo-Yuen Chow “FuzzyLogic microcontroller implementation for DC motor speed control”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, V0l.11
8 T H S E M E S T E R M A J O R P R O J E C T
22nd APRIL 2016
