PowerPoint Presentation
EVALUATION OF CLOTHING CARE(traditional to
ultramodern)By-Ripsera marak,-Rajkumar shinkar
CARE EXTENDS WEARClothing is one of the basic needs of human
being.Clothing Care is the everyday maintenance of apparels.They
are found everywhere be it kitchen, bath rooms, living rooms,
household or maybe our work place.Awareness of clothing care more
than skill is the key to develop a routine for clothing
care.consists of drying, brushing, ironing, cleaning and removing
the spots and stains promptly. Users may experience the joy of
clothing every day when they will start caring about their
clothing.
HISTORYClothing care primarily means =laundering.Until the
beginning of this century cotton, linen, wool and silk were the
only fibres used in apparel.As there were limited apparels no need
was felt for the development of detergents and soaps. The
post-world war 2 periods saw the emergence of synthetic
detergents.industrial revolution made laundering easier by
invention of washing machines and dryers.
CARE LABELS: Todays fashion garments combine a wide array of
fibres, construction and finishes. The federal care labelling rule
revised in 1984 requires clothing manufacturers and importers to
attach permanent care labels to their products.The care labels are
at end of the fabric bolt and roll.Printed / hang tags.Implied
warranty by RN or WPL identification
Fig. mention of RN on a care label
Fig. care label of a woollen garmentFig. Care label of a
jacketFig. complete instruction set of clothing care
CLOTHING CARE REMOVAL OF STAINSCLEANING CLOTHESIRONING AND
PRSSINGSPECIAL HANDLINGSEASONAL STORINGPACKING FOR TRAVELCLOSET
DESIGN
Removal of stainsStains are like accidents with the
garments.Emergency first aid makes the difference.Need to remove it
before the stain bonds with the fibres.General procedure to remove
stains isIdentification of the stainSolvent actionMechanical and
emulsifying actionChemical actionDigestion
Cleaning clothesTimely cleaning of clothes is necessary, to
remove the soiling that they are subjected.Washing, Bleaching,
Bluing, Drying, Drycleaning.Different methods.
Fig. clothes available for washing
Ironing and PressingIroning is gliding the iron across the
fabric.Ironing reduces wrinkles in clothing and also helps to
retain details of tailoring.
Fig. a person ironing a garment
Special HandingGarments with high aesthetic properties may not
possess good mechanical properties.Such type of garments require
special handling.Silk, Fur, leather, suede are some examples of
such a kind.
Packing for travelOn the road clothing care starts with careful
packing to protect clothes.Make them easily accessible and keep
them wrinkle free.A suitcase is really a travelling closet.
Fig. ideal method of packing
Seasonal StoringHigh humidity and temperature may attract moths,
mildew and discolouration.Use of herbal sachets, mothballs may
help.Basements, attics and garages must be avoided.
Fig. usage of moth balls for seasonal storing
Closet design
Fig. an ideal closet
MATERIALS USEDWATERSTIFFENING AGENTSOPTICAL
WHITENERSBLEACHESDETERGENTS
WaterTraditionalCoagulation method: dissolution of
alumUltramodernAlkali methodLime-soda methodZeolite processAddition
of cation exchange resinsAddition of sequestering agents
For the sake of laundering we see water as only Hard water and
Soft water.Hardness can be classified as temporary and
permanent.Softening of water:
DetergentsThe word detergents originate from the verb to deterge
which means to clean and therefore refer to as cleansing
agents.They are used to supplement the washing process.the
cleansing property of this compound was discovered accidentally
from mixture of left over cooking fat and wood ash.
UltramodernSynthesised compounds are superior to soap in their
cleansing properties.Manufactured from inexhaustible materials as
hydrocarbons.Added blueing and foaming agents and some
perfume.Composition of soaps and synthetic detergents:Palmitic acid
(C15H31COOH)Stearic acid - (C17H35COOH)Oleic acid
(C17H33COOH)Linolic acid (C17h31COOH)
TraditionalSoaps/detergents contained only fatty acids and
alkalis.Recipe1. Caustic soda (250gms)2. Water 4 cups (large
size)3. Coconut oil 1 kilo / Mahua oil 1 kilo 4. Gram powder
(Besan) 250gms/ Wheat flour 500 gms
Fig. traditional soap
Stiffening agentsA certain amount of crispness in apparel and
household linen gives them a fresh look.In common language we call
it starching.Traditionally, Natural stiffeners such as starch, gums
and glues were used. In ultramodern times, Modified natural
starches, cellulose derivatives. Synthetics i.e. vinyl and acrylic
agents are preferred.
Fig. making of stiffening agentFig. spraying it on the
fabric
Optical WhitenersTo restore the whiteness of the fabric.Addition
of complementary colour/fluorescent brightening agents.The three
dyes used as laundry blues are ultramarine blue, Prussian blue,
aniline blue.
In ultramodern times, detergent packageTraditionally, bluing
agents like tinopole were added while washing.Fig. Traditional
bleach fig. ultramodern bleach
BleachesBleaches are chemicals that are capable of whitening
fabrics and removing stains by destroying colouring matter.2 types,
oxidising bleaches and reducing bleaches.SODIUM HYPOCHLORITESODIUM
PERBORATESODIUM CHLORITEBLEACHING POWDERHYDROGEN PEROXIDECALCIUM
HYPOCHLORITEIn ultramodern timesmixed with
detergents.Traditionally,occasional bleaching of whites
EQUIPMENTS USEDWASHINGDRYINGIRONING AND OTHER EQUIPMENTS
Washing
TraditionalSinkBoilerTubs and bucketsEnamel bowls and
basinsSpoons and containersScrubbing brushes and boardsDry cleaning
pumps
Fig. Sink & BoilerFig. Dry cleaning pumpsFig. Scrubbing
board
Ultramodern1. Manually operated2. Semi- automatic3. Fully
automatic
Fig.1. Manually operatedFig.2. semi- automaticFig.3. Fully
automatic
Drying
TraditionalOutdoor drying is done all round.Drying racks are
used Rack drying is easy and can be lower down or we can say
adjustable.
.Ultramodern
Washer and dryers are integrated.Time saverAvoids
discolouration.Fig. Drying rackFig. modern dryer
Iron and other equipment
Traditionally, charcoal irons were used.Coal is the source of
heat.Limitation is we cant regulate the heat.Ironing board is used
to stretch the fabric and iron it very well.Sleeve board to hold
the fabric very tightly during ironing
UltramodernTo overcome the problem of temperature regulation
electric irons were invented.Most electric irons today are
thermostatically controlled.Innovative modification for e.g. the
light weight iron, Teflon coated sole plate iron, irons with
devices to spray water on the garment being ironed.
Fig. First electric ironFig. modern iron
CONCLUSIONNow we know how important the care of clothing is.
start treating clothes according to their care conditionsThey will
be livelier.A certain crisp and fragrance will be experienced.
BIBILOGRAPHY
1. Fabric Care Noemia DSouza2. Household Textile & Laundry
Work Durga Deulkar3. Clothing & Repair- Singer4.
www.uktextiles.com/pdf
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