Production Organisation Approval

i

ISTANBUL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS

GRADUATION PROJECT

14.05.2015

CERTIFIED PRODUCTION ORGANISATIONS

Thesis Advisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Gökhan İNALHAN

Ahmet Kürşad GÜL

Department of Aeronautical Engineering

Anabilim Dalı : Herhangi Mühendislik, Bilim

Programı : Herhangi Program

ii

14.05.2015

ISTANBUL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS


GRADUATION PROJECT

Ahmet Kürşad GÜL

110100072

Department of Aeronautıcal Engineering

Anabilim Dalı : Herhangi Mühendislik, Bilim

Programı : Herhangi Program

Thesis Advisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Gökhan İNALHAN

iii

Thesis Advisor : Assoc. Prof. Gökhan İNALHAN

İstanbul Technical University

Jury Members : Assoc. Prof. Aytaç ARIKOĞLU İstanbul Technical University

Asst. Prof. Özge ÖZDEMİR

İstanbul Technical University

Ahmet Kürşad Gül,student of ITU Faculty of Aeronautics and Astronautics

student ID 110100072, successfully defended the graduation entitled

“CERTIFIED PRODUCTION ORGANISATIONS”, which he prepared after

fulfilling the requirements specified in the associated legislations, before the jury

whose signatures are below.

Date of Submission : 14.05.2015

Date of Defense : 11.06.2015

iv

Primarily, I would like to thank my Assistant Professor Gökhan İnalhan for

helping me to prepare this study.I also would like to thank research-development

head of Turkish Technic Mesut Yılmaz.I appreciate to Ömer Faruk Akyol for

sharing his valuable informations.I also would like to thank my family for being so

patient and so willing to help me in every step of my life.Lastly I would like to

thank Ferda Cansu Dede for being supportive to encourage me.

v

FOREWORD

In this study, the aim is to examine the production organisation approval in detail

which is an authorized certificate that gives right to a company to produce product,

part or appliances or to issue airworthiness documents for these products, parts or

appliances. Because of the similar procedurs and roadmaps, the rules and instructions

will be presented mostly based upon EASA in detail. When this graduation project is

prepared, in addition to the internet based resources, the documents taken from the

Turkish Technic and the informations gathered from the conversations with the

competent managers in the Turkish Technic during my internship are used.

May 2015

Ahmet Kürşad GÜL

vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

DEDICATION PAGE ..................................................................................... iv FOREWORD .................................................................................................... v TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................ …vi

LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................... ix LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................... x

SUMMARY IN ENGLISH ............................................................................. xi

SUMMARY IN TURKISH………………………………………………….xii

1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................ 1 1.1 Competent Authorities .............................................................................. 1

1.1.1 European aviation safety agency…………………………………. .1

1.1.2 Federal aviation authority…………………………………………..2

1.2 Airworthiness ............................................................................................ 2

1.2.1 Safe condition………………………………………………………3

1.2.2 Allowable limits…………………………………………………….3

1.2.3 Acquiring necessary requirements………………………………….3

2. INITIAL AIRWORTHINESS ..................................................................... 4 2.1 Easa regulation and Part 21 Structure ....................................................... 4

2.1.1 Part 21 certification………………………………………………….6

2.1.2 Product life cycle……………………………………………………6

2.2 EASA Part 21 G ........................................................................................ 7

3. REQUIREMENTS FOR HOLDER OF APPLICATION ........................ 8 3.1 Scope ......................................................................................................... 8

3.2 Eligibility .................................................................................................. 8 3.3 Application ................................................................................................ 9

3.4 Issue of POA……………………………………………………………..9

3.5 Quality System…………………………………………………………...9

3.5.1 Clause a……………………………………………………………...9

3.5.2 Clause b……………………………………………….....................10

3.6 Exposition……………………………………………………………….11

3.6.1 Clause a……………………………………………………………..11

3.6.2 Clause b……………………………………………………………..11

3.7 Approval Requirements…………………………………………………12

3.7.1 Clause a…………………………………………………………….12

3.7.2 Clause b…………………………………………………………….12

3.7.3 Clause c…………………………………………………………….12

vii

3.7.4 Clause d…………………………………………………………….12

3.8 Changes to the Approved Production Organisation…………………….13

3.8.1 Clause a…………………………………………………………….13

3.8.2 Clause b…………………………………………………………….13

3.9 Changes of Location……………………………………………………13

3.10 Transferability…………………………………………………………13

3.11 Terms of Approval…………………………………………………….13

3.12 Changes to the terms of approval……………………………………...14

3.13 Investigations………………………………………………………….14

3.14 Findings……………………………………………………………….14

3.14.1 Clause a…………………………………………………………..14

3.14.2 Clause b…………………………………………………………..14

3.14.3 Clause c…………………………………………………………..15

3.14.4 Clause d………………………………………………………….15

3.15 Duration and Continued Validity……………………………………..15

3.16 Privileges………………………………………………………………16

3.17 Obligations of the Holder……………………………………………..16

4. PROCEDURS FOR COMPETENT AUTHORITIES ............................ 18 4.1 Investigation ........................................................................................... 18

4.2 Findings .................................................................................................. 19 4.3 Issue of Certificate……………………………………………………...20

4.4 Continued Surveillance…………………………………………………20

4.5 Amendment of a POA………………………………………………….21

4.6 Suspension and Revocation of a POA………………………………….21

4.7 Record-Keeping………………………………………………………...22

5. POA CERTIFICATE SAMPLE ............................................................... 24 6. CONCLUSION ........................................................................................... 26

REFERENCES ............................................................................................... 28

viii

ix

LIST OF TABLES

Page

Table 3.1 : Exposition……………………………………………………………....11

Table 3.2 : Findings………………………………………………………………...14

Table 3.3 : Findings………………………………………………………………...15

Table 4.1 : Continued Surveillance…………………………………………………20

Table 4.2 : Amendments ........................................................................................... 21

Table 4.3 : Suspension or Revocation ....................................................................... 22

Table 4.4 : Records ................................................................................................... 23

x

LIST OF FIGURES

Page

Figure 1.1 : Regulatory Framework. ............................................................... ………2

Figure 2.1 : EASA Basic Regulation structure. .......................................................... 4

Figure 2.2 : EASA Implementing Rules. .................................................................... 5 Figure 2.3 : Part 21. ..................................................................................................... 6 Figure 2.4 : Part 21G Subparts. ................................................................................... 7 Figure 3.1 : Eligibility for Application. ...................................................................... 8

Figure 3.2 : Quality System ........................................................................................ 10

Figure 3.3 : Subcontractor………………………………………………………….10

Figure 3.4 : Privileges of Holder of POA .................................................................... 16

Figure 4.1 : Steps … .................................................................................................. 19 Figure 4.2 : Basic Timeframe ..................................................................................... 23

Figure 5.2 : EASA Form 55… .................................................................................. 25

xi


SUMMARY

First of all, the subject of this study is production organisation approval. If it is

needed to explain briefly, this approval is needed for any company which wants to

produce product, part or appliances or to issue airworthiness documents for these

product, part or appliances.In the aviation world, a few establishments have

authorisation to give this certificate to the applicant.For example in the United States,

Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has warrant to provide this certificate.In the

Europe, European Aviation Safety Agency is the authority needed to be applied to

get production organisation approval.These establishments regulates their

requirements according to the ICAO Annex 8 (Airworthiness of air vehicle). The

rules and requirements for production organisation approval for applicant and

competent authorities are indicated under the Part 21 for both FAA and EASA. Part

21 is related about the certification of products, parts and appliances related to the

aircraft and certification of design and production organisations and it is called initial

airworthiness. Thus, primarily an overall information and mainframe will be given

about the two competent authorities which have power to issue airworthiness

approvals, after that the airworthiness concept will be defined briefly under the

Chapter I (Introduction) . Then, Part 21 structure (initial airworthiness) will be

presented and its scope will be explained generally, after all these general

information were given, the Part 21 Subpart G will be highlighted and analyzed

under Chapter II. Requirements for applicants will be detailed under Chapter III and

procedures for competent authorities will be examined under Chapter IV

respectively.At the end of this study, inferences taken from literature will be drawn

and results will be illustrated under Conclusion part. In addition to these

informations, in the aviation world, the rules and requirements valid all around the

world almost approved in the same way and must be in accordance with the ICAO

rules and requirements.Thus, in this study, the concepts, rules and requirements will

be explained by taking the EASA as a base while other authorities will be mentioned

generally. Resources based on internet and informations gathered from conversations

with competent managers will be shown in reference part.

xii


ÖZET

Öncelikle bu çalışmanın konusu üretim organizasyon onayıdır. Kısaca açıklamak

gerekirse bu onay; ürün, parça ve teçhizat üretmek isteyen veya bu ürün,parça ve

teçhizatlar için uçuşa elverişlilik belgesi düzenlemek isteyen kuruluşlar için

gereklidir. Havacılık dünyasında bu belgeyi yayınlama hakkına sahip olan birkaç

otorite bulunmaktadır. Örnek vermek gerekirse Amerika Birleşik Devletlerinde

Federal Aviation Administration bu belgeyi yayınlama gücünü elinde bulunduran

kurumdur. Avrupa’da ise European Aviation Safety Agency kurumu, üretim

organizasyonu onayı almak için başvuru yapılması gereken kurumdur.Bu kuruluşlar

yayınladıkları kurallar ve gereksinimler için ICAO tarafından hazırlanmış Annex 8

(Hava aracının uçuşa elverişliliği) zorunluluğuna uymak zorundadırlar.Üretim

organizasyon onayı için olan kurallar ve gereksinimler, hem başvuran kuruluş hem

de otorite için hem FAA hem EASA da olmak üzere Part 21 altında belirtilmiştir.

Part 21; üretilen ürün, parça ve teçhizatın sertifikasyonu ile beraber tasarım ve üretim

organizasyonlarının sertifikasyonunu kapsamaktadır ve başlangıç uçuşa elverişliliği

olarak adlandırılır. Sonuç olarak, öncelikle Chapter I (Introduction) altında bu üretim

organizasyonu onayını yayınlama hakkını bulunduran iki yetkin otorite hakkında

genel bir bilgi ve çerçeve verilecek, bundan sonra uçuşa elverişlilik kavramının

kısaca tanımlaması yapılacak. Bundan sonra Chapter II altında Part 21 yapısı

(başlangıç uçuşa elverişliliği) sunulacak ve kapsamından genel olarak bahsedilecek,

bu genel bilgiler verildikten sonra Part 21 altbaşlık G’nin altı çizilecek ve bu kısım

analiz edilecek. Chapter III altında başvuru sahipleri için belirlenmiş olan

gereksinimler detaylandırılacak ve Chapter IV altında yetkin otoriteler için

belirlenmiş olan prosedürler incelenecek. Bu çalışmanın sonunda Conclusion

bölümünün altında, literatürden alınan çıkarımlar yazılacak ve sonuçlar gösterilecek.

Tüm bu bilgilere ek olarak, havacılık dünyasında kabul gören kural ve gereksinimler

ICAO tarafından hazırlanan kural ve gereksinimlere uyumluluk göstermelidir ve

bunun sonucu olarak bu kural ve gereksinimler hemen hemen tüm dünyada aynı

doğrultuda kabul edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, diğer otoritelerden de bahsedilmekle

beraber kavramlar, kurallar ve gereksinimler EASA baz alınarak açıklanacaktır.

Kullanılan internet bazlı kaynaklar ve yetkili müdürler ile olan münasebetler

sonucunda edinilmiş olan bilgiler son kısımda referans eklenerek gösterilecektir.

xiii

1

1. INTRODUCTION

In this chapter, we will start by glancing on two competent authorities all around the

world. One of them is the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the other one

is the European aviation Safety Agency (EASA). These two competent authorities

can issue a production organization approval (POA) for an applicant company, which

can show the requirement of POA and gets the right having eligibility. After that

airworthiness concept will be defined in terms of aviation domain and the question

‘Why an aircraft must be airworthy? ‘ will be answered in the light of human safety.

1.1 Competent Authorities

1.1.1 European aviation safety agency (easa)

EASA is an authority in aviation area established in 2002 associated with the

European Union. The operations handled by the EASA can be sorted as strategy and

safety management, the certification of aviation products and oversight of approved

organisations and EU Member States. The main tasks of EASA, preparing the

aviation safety rules, to perform the control, education and standardization programs

to apply the safety rules, certification of aircraft, engine and aircraft parts,

authorization of the third countrys, to gathering data, analyzing and searching to

improve aviation safety and to give advice to the European Union for drafting new

legislation [1].

EASA carries out the economical, technical and legal autonomy to guarantee the

highest common level of safety protection for EU citizens within the EU and

worldwide. In addition, EASA has an active role related EU External Aviation

Policy.

2 11

Figure 1.1 Regulatory Framework

1.1.2 Federal aviation administration

FAA is the competent authority in United States to regulate and oversee the civil

aviation which is National Airworthiness Authority (NAA) of United States. This

establishment is responsible for assuring the safe, for exhorting the air commerce

and for supporting the requirements of national defense. The agency performs some

activities to carry out these responsibilities and these activities can be sorted as safety

regulations, operations and maintenance of air traffic control systems, announcement

of standards and spesifications for civil airports [3] .

Almost all countries all around the world have accepted the rules and regulations

come from FAA including Turkey. We can list the tasks performed by the agency to

make them more clear; improving civil aeronautics, to regulate commercial space

transportation, to issue or suspend or revoke the pilot certificates, to regulate civil

aviation to promote safety, to operate and improve air traffic control systems [3].

1.2 Airworthiness

Airworthiness is a vital term in aviation world and it indicates that whether a product,

part or appliances or an aircraft is worthy of safe flight. The airworthiness can be

defined as acquiring necessary requirements for flying in safe conditions in allowable

limits.

3 11

This can be placed by releasing of a certificate of airworthiness from the National

Airworthiness Authority and is then maintained by the completion of the required

maintenance actions by a licensed aircraft maintenance engineer [4].

Two conditions must be met before an aircraft can be considered airworthy; first

condition is that the aircraft must conform to its type certificate (TC) ; that is, when

the aircraft configuration and the components installed are consistent with the

drawing, specifications, and other data that are part of the TC, and include any

supplemental TC and field-approved alterations incorporated into the aircraft and the

second condition is that the aircraft must be in condition for safe operation ; this

refers to the condition of the aircraft relative to wear and deterioration. [3].

In brief, airworthy means that the status of an aircraft, engine, propeller or part when

it conforms to its approved design and is a condition for safe operation.Three key

elements can be indicated for airworthiness; safe condition, allowable limits and

acquiring necessary requirements.

1.2.1 Safe condition

Safe condition is concerned with the convincing and satisfactory conclusion of the

flight. It can be defined as running away from conditions which can cause death,

injury or illness, damage of equipment or damage to the environment.

1.2.2 Allowable limits

An aircraft is designed and produced for an operation in certain flight and basically

depends on structural load factors and speed. Moreover, the take-off weight of

aircraft can be adjusted for various kinds of operations. Forcing these conditions and

limits can cause accidents or any undesirable event during flight.

1.2.3 Acquiring necessary requirements

Acquiring necessary requirements means that any product, part or appliances or the

aircraft is designed and produced and tested criteria to fly in safe conditions.

Regulations prepared by the authorities aim to eliminate the conditions can cause any

undesirable event before the flight, during the flight and after the flight [2].

4 11

2. INITIAL AIRWORTHINESS

2.1 EASA Regulation and Part 21 Structure

Initial airworthiness is provided by the rules and explained requirements determined

by the officials and they are implied to the organisations. EASA regulation structure

composed of many legal parts and each part to each implementing regulation has its

own Acceptable Means of Compliance and guidance material. These AMC and GM

are amended along with the amendments of the regulations. These AMC and GM

are called ‘soft law’ (non-binding) and put down in form of EASA decisions [1].

Figure 2.1 EASA Basic Regulation Structure

5 11

Implementing rules: Determined by the European Commission (EC) and

defines the necessities about various topics of aviation safety.

Acceptable Means of Compliance: It suggests a way for compliance for rules

but it is possible that via different way, this compliance can be provided and

the competent authority can accept this.

Guidance Material: It gives additional informations about the rules.

According to the Commission Regulation (EU) No 748/2012 of 03/08/2012 laying

down implementing rules for the airworthiness and environmental certification of

aircraft and related products, parts or appliances, as well as for the certification of

desing and production organisations [1].

Figure 2.2 EASA Implementing Rules

.

6 11

2.1.1 Part 21 certification

Part 21 is related with the certificates of products, parts,components and design and

production organisations related to the aircraft. Part 21 includes; publishing type

certificates, publishing airworthiness certificate, publishing noise certificate,

approval of some parts and components, approval of design and production

organisation, publishing airworthiness directives [1].

Figure 2.3 Part 21

2.1.2 Product life cycle

Approved design organization according to the EASA part 21 J is responsible for the

design phase. Related design data is taken from this design organization approval

holder and release to the production organization approval holder. Approved

production organization according to the EASA part 21 G gets this data and starts the

production stage. After that initial control is applied to the product, part or appliance.

Then, quality control is applied. In the end, related product, part or appliances release

by regulating EASA form 1 [5].

.

7 11

2.2 EASA Part 21 G (Production Organisation Approval)

Production organisations work in accordance with 748/2012 (EU) Commission

Regulation for part 21 G. This document which is given by civil aviation authorities

is called production organisation approval. Production organisations can do

something under favour of this ability like; to producing aircraft, blades, engine or

aircraft parts and to organise airworthiness certificate ( EASA form 52 or EASA

form 1 ) for this aircraft and parts [1].

EASA Form 1: Shows that related products, parts and appliances are produced in

accordance with EASA rules and it is valid for all aviation organisations which

recognize EASA rules.

Part 21 G composed of two sections and these are section A and section B. Section A

includes requirements, acquired rights and liabilities for applicant. Section B

includes the procedurs for competent authorities.

Figure 2.4 Part 21G Subparts (Section A)

8 11

3. REQUIREMENTS FOR HOLDER OF APPLICATION

3.1 Scope (21.A.131)

This subpart establishes, the technique for the issuance of POA for a creation

association demonstrating congruity of items, parts and apparatuses with the relevant

outline information and tenets administering the rights and commitments of the

candidate for, and holders of approval [1].

3.2 Eligibility (21.A.133)

Any common and legitimate individual (association) might be qualified as a

candidate for a support under this subpart. The applicant shall; justify that, for a

defined scope of work, an approval under this subpart is appropriate for the purpose

of showing conformity with a spesific design and hold or have applied for an

approval of that spesific design and have assured through an appropriate arrangement

with the applicant for, or holder of, an approval of that spesifc design, satisfactory

coordination between product and design [1].

Figure 3.1 Eligibility For Application

9 11

3.3 Application (21.A.134)

Every application for production organization approval should be made to the skilled

power in a structure and way settled by that power, and shall include an outline of the

information required by point 21.A.143 and terms of approval requested to be issued

under point 21.A.151 [1].

To apply for a POA, many documents must be submitted;

a) EASA Form 50-Application for Part 21 production organisation approval in

addition to different reports and data as decribed in the client guide for candidate.

b) EASA Form 4: Details of management personnel to be accepted as specified in

part 21.A.145

c) EASA Form 51 is utilized by POA holders to request huge changes or variety of

extension and terms of Part 21 POA.

3.4 Issue of POA (21.A.135)

An association should be qualified for have a production organisation approval

issued by the capable power when it has exhibited consistence with the appropriate

necessities under this subpart [3].

3.5 Quality System (21.A.139)

3.5.1 Clause a

The creation association might show that it has built and has the capacity keep up a

quality framework. The quality framework might be archived. This quality

framework should be, for example, to empower association to guarantee that every

item, part or apparatus delivered by the association or by its accomplices or supplied

from or subcontracted to outside gatherings, adjusts to the pertinent outline

information and is in condition for safe operation and thus, exercise the privileges set

forth in point 21.A.163 [1].

10 11

3.5.2 Clause b

The quality system shall contain, as applicable within the scope of approval, control

procedures for;

Figure 3.2 Quality system

Use of subcontractor

Part 21G gives an opportunity to approved production organisation that using

subcontractor in various production stages. The important thing that to ensure about

the performance of work given to subcontractor is in accordance with the related

design requirements [5].

Figure 3.3 Subcontractor

11 11

In addition to these criterias, the situations, which endanger the continuing

airworthiness of produced appliances, must be reported to the authority within 72

hours.

3.6 Exposition (21.A.143)

3.6.1 Clause a

The association might submit to the competent power a production association

handbook giving the accompanying data:

1

An announcement marked by the responsible chief affirming that the

generation association work and any related manuals which characterize the

endorsed association's consistence with this Subpart will be followed at all

times

2 The titles and names of chiefs acknowledged by the capable power

3 The obligations and obligations of the chiefs

4 A hierarchical outline indicating related chains of obligation of the directors

5 A rundown of confirming staff as alluded to in point 21.A.145(d)

6 A general depiction of labor assets

7 A general depiction of the offices situated at every location determined in the

generation association's endorsement of approbation

8 A general portrayal of the creation association's extent of work pertinent to

the terms of endorsement

9 The method for the warning of hierarchical changes to the able power

10 The correction system for the production organisation exposition

11 A portrayal of the quality framework and the systems

12

The generation association article might be altered as important to remain an

a la mode depiction of the association, and duplicates of any alterations

should be supplied to the able power

Table 3.1 Exposition

3.6.2 Clause b

The production organisation handbook might be corrected as important to remain up

to date depiction of the association, and duplicates of any corrections should be

supplied to the skilled power.

12 11

3.7 Approval Requirements (21.A.145)

The generation association should illustrate, on the premise of the data submitted as

per point 21.A.143:

3.7.1 Clause a

With regard to general approval requirements, facilities, working conditions,

equipment and tools, processes and associated materials, number and competence of

staff, and general organisation are adequate to discharge obligations under point

21.A.165.

3.7.2 Clause b

First, the generation association is in receipt of such information from the agency,

and from the holder of, or candidate for, the sort authentication, limited sort

endorsement or outline approbation, to focus congruity with the material

configuration information, second, the generation association has made a technique

to guarantee that airworthiness, commotion, fuel venting and fumes outflows

information are effectively joined in its creation information and third such

information are stayed up with the latest and made accessible to all faculty who need

access to such information to perform their obligations [1].

3.7.3 Clause c

A chief has been named by the creation association, and is responsible to the able

power. His or her obligation inside the association might comprise of guaranteeing

that all generation is performed to the obliged models and that the creation

association is constantly in consistence with the information and methods

distinguished in the composition alluded to in point 21.A.143 [1].

3.7.4 Clause d

The information, foundation (counting different capacities in the association), and

experience of the affirming staff are fitting to release their allotted obligations and

the generation association keeps up a record of all guaranteeing staff which might

13 11

incorporate points of interest of the extent of their authorisation and affirming staff

are given proof of the extent of their authorisation.

3.8 Changes to the Approved Production Organisation (21.A.147)

3.8.1 Clause a

After the issue of a production organisation approval, every change to the approved

production organisation that is huge to the demonstrating of similarity or to the

airworthiness and attributes of commotion, fuel venting and fumes outflows of the

item, part or apparatus, especially changes to the quality framework, should be

affirmed by the capable power. An application for approbation might be submitted in

keeping in touch with the equipped power and the association might exhibit to the

capable power before usage of the change, that it will keep on agreeing to this

Subpart [1].

3.8.2 Clause b

The competent power might make the conditions under which a generation

association sanction under this subpart may work amid such changes unless the able

power confirms that the approbation ought to be suspended.

3.9 Changes of Location (21.A.148)

Change of the area of the assembling offices of the sanction creation association

might be regarded of essentialness and accordingly should agree to point 21.A.147.

3.10 Transferability (21.A.149)

Except as an aftereffect of an adjustment in proprietorship, which is regarded critical

for the reasons of point 21.A.147, a generation association support is not

transferable.

3.11 Terms of Approval (21.A.151)

The terms of approval might recognize the extent of work, the items or the

classifications of parts and apparatuses, or both, for which the holder is qualified for

activity the benefits under point 21.A.163.

14 11

3.12 Changes to the terms of approval (21.A.153)

Every change to the terms of approval might be affirmed by the capable power. An

application for a change to the terms of support should be made in a structure and

way settled by the capable power. The candidate might follow the pertinent

prerequisites of this subpart [5].

3.13 Investigations (21.A.157)

A generation association should make game plans that permit the capable power to

make any examinations, including examinations of accomplices and subcontractors,

important to focus agreeability and proceeded with consistence with the relevant

prerequisites of this subpart [3].

3.14 Findings (21.A.158)

3.14.1 Clause a

At the point when target proof is discovered indicating resistance of the holder of a

creation association regard withthe appropriate prerequisites of this Annex I (Part

21), the finding shall be classified as follows:

Level 1 Finding

a level one finding is any rebelliousness with this Annex I (Part 21) which

could prompt uncontrolled noncompliances with material outline information

and which could influence the security of the airvehicle

Level 2 Finding a level two finding is any rebelliousness with this Annex I (Part 21) which is

not named level one.

Table 3.2 Findings

3.14.2 Clause b

A level three finding is any thing where it has been recognized, by target

confirmation, to contain potential issues that could prompt a rebelliousness under

point (a) [1].

15 11

3.14.3 Clause c

In case of level 1 finding

If there should be an occurrence of a level one finding, the holder of the POA

might exhibit restorative activity as per the general inclination of the able

power inside a time of close to 21 working days after composed affirmation

of the finding;

In case of level 2 finding

If there should arise an occurrence of level two finding, the restorative

activity period allowed by the competent authority might be suitable to the

way of the discovering however regardless at first should not be over three

months. In specific circumstances and subject to the way of the discovering

the capable power may expand the three months period subject to the

procurement of an attractive restorative activity arrangement concurred by the

competent power;

In case of level 3 finding A level three finding shall not require immediate action by the holder of the

production organisation approval.

Table 3.3 Findings

3.14.4 Clause d

If there should be an occurrence of level one or level two finding, the production

organization approval may be liable to a halfway or full impediment, suspension or

disavowal under point 21.B.245. The holder of the production organization approval

should give affirmation of receipt of the notification of limit, suspension or

renouncement of the creation association endorsement in an opportune way [1].

3.15 Duration and Continued Validity (21.A.159)

Production organisation approval issued from competent authority for unlimited

duration. But in some cases, this approval can be suspended, limited or revoked.

These cases can be sorted as:

The production organisation fails to exhibit agreeability with the relevant

prerequisites of this subpart, the competent authority is anticipated by the holder or

any of its accomplices or subcontractors to perform the examinations as per point

21.A.157, there is proof that the production organisation can't keep up agreeable

control of the assembling of items, parts or apparatuses under the support, the

production organisation no more meets the prerequisites of point 21.A.133, the

certificate has been surrendered or revoked under point 21.B.245 [1].

16 11

3.16 Privileges (21.A.163)

Figure 3.4 Privileges of Holder of POA

3.17 Obligations of the Holder (21.A.165)

Guarantee that the production organisation work outfitted as per point 21.A.143 and

the archives to which it alludes, are utilized as essential working records inside the

association, keep up the production organisation in congruity with the information

and techniques sanction for the production organization approval, record all subtle

elements of work completed, secure and keep up an inside event reporting

framework in light of a legitimate concern for wellbeing, to empower the gathering

and evaluation of event reports to recognize antagonistic patterns or to address

inadequacies, and to concentrate reportable events,this framework should incorporate

assessment of applicable data identifying with events and the declaration of related

data, give help to the holder of the sort authentication or outline support in managing

17 11

any proceeding with airworthiness activities that are identified with the items parts or

apparatuses that have been delivered and build a chronicling framework joining

prerequisites forced on its accomplices, suppliers and subcontractors, guaranteeing

protection of the information used to legitimize similarity of the items, parts or

apparatuses. Such information might be held at the transfer of the skillful power and

be held so as to give the data important to guarantee the proceeding with

airworthiness of the items, parts or apparatuses [1].

18 11

4. PROCEDURS FOR COMPETENT AUTHORITIES

4.1 Investigation (21.B.220)

a)

The competent authority should designate a production organisation support group

for every candidate, or holder of, a generation association regard to direct every

single pertinent assignment identified with this generation association endorsement,

comprising of a group pioneer to oversee and lead the approbation group and, if

obliged, one or more colleagues. The group pioneer should report to the director in

charge of the action as characterized in point 21.B.25(b)(2) [1].

b)

The competent power should perform adequate examination exercises for a

candidate for, or holder of, a generation association support to legitimize suggestions

for the issuance, upkeep, change, suspension or denial of the approval [1].

c)

The competent authority might plan strategies for the examination of a production

organization approval as a component of the archived techniques covering at least

the following elements:

19 11

Figure 4.1 Steps

4.2 Findings (21.B.225)

a)

While amid reviews or by different means target confirmation is found by the

competent authority, indicating rebelliousness of the holder of a production

organization approval with the appropriate necessities of Section A, this discovering

might be grouped as per point 21.A.158(a) [1].

b)

For level 1 findings, prompt move should be made by the competent authority to

utmost, suspend or deny the generation association regard, in entire or to some

extent, contingent on the degree of the finding, until fruitful remedial activity has

been finished by the association. For level 2 findings, the competent authority should

award a remedial activity period suitable to the way of the finding that might not be

over 3 months. In specific circumstances, toward the end of this period and subject to

the way of the discovering, the capable power can broaden the 3 months period

subject to an attractive remedial activity arrangement gave by the association [1].

20 11

c)

Action should be made by the competent authority to suspend the approval in entire

or to some degree in the event of inability to go along inside the timescale allowed

by the competent authority.

4.3 Issue of Certificate (21.B.230)

At the point when fulfilled that the production organisation is in consistence with the

pertinent prerequisites of Section A, Subpart G, the competent authority should issue

a Production Organization Approval (EASA Form 55, see Appendix X) immediately.

The reference number might be incorporated on the EASA Form 55 in a way

indicated by the Agency [1].

4.4 Continued Surveillance (21.B.235)

a)

With a specific end goal to legitimize the upkeep of production organisation approval

the competent authority should perform proceeded with reconnaissance:

1 To verify that the production organisation approval holder’s quality system

complies with Section A Subpart G

2 To verify that the organisation of the production organisation approval holder

operates in accordance with the production organisation exposition

3 To verify the effectiveness of the production organisation exposition

procedures

4 To monitor by sample the standards of the product, part or appliance

Table 4.1 Continued Surveillance

21 11

b)

The competent authority might give through arranged proceeded with reconnaissance

that a production organisation support is totally surveyed for consistence with this

Annex I (Part 21) amid a time of 24 months. The continued surveillance may be

comprised of a few examination exercises amid this period. The quantity of reviews

may fluctuate relying on the many-sided quality of the association, the quantity of

destinations and the criticality of the generation. As a base the holder of production

organization approval should be liable to proceeded with observation movement by

the competent authority in any event once consistently [1].

4.5 Amendment of a Production Organisation Approval (21.B.240)

a The competent authority might screen any minor change through the

proceeded with observation exercises.

b

The competent authority might examine as proper as per point 21.B.220 any

noteworthy change of a production organisation regard or application by the

holder of a generation association endorsement for a correction of the

extension and terms of support.

c

At the point when the competent authority is fulfilled that the prerequisites of

Section A, Subpart G keep on being agreed to it should change the production

organisation approbation appropriately

Table 4.2 Amendments

4.6 Suspension and Revocation of a Production Organisation Approval

(21.B.245)

a)

If there should arise an occurrence of a level one or level two findings, the competent

authority might incompletely or completely farthest point, suspend or deny a

production organisation support as takes after:

22 11

1

In the event of a level one finding the production organisation approval

should be promptly constrained or suspended. On the off chance that the

holder of the production organisation approval neglects to conform to point

21.A.158(c)(1), the production organisation approval might be denied;

2

in the event of a level two finding, the competent authority should choose any

limitation to the extent of approbation by provisional suspension of the

production organisation approval or parts thereof. On the off chance that the

holder of a production organisation approval neglects to conform to point

21.A.158(c)(2), the generation association support might be disavowed.

Table 4.3 Suspension or Revocation

b)

The limitation, suspension or revocation of the production organisation approval

should be conveyed in keeping in touch with the holder of the generation association

regard. The competent authority should state the explanations behind the suspension

or disavowal and illuminate the holder of the production organisation approval of its

entitlement to claim [1].

c)

At the point when a production organisation approval has been suspended it might

just be reestablished after agreeability with Section A, Subpart G has been re-built.

4.7 Record-keeping (21.B.260)

a)

The competent authority should make an arrangement of record-keeping that permits

satisfactory traceability of the methodology to issue, look after, revise, suspend or

repudiate every individual production organisation approval.

23 11

b)

The records shall at least contain:

1 The records gave by the candidate to, or holder of, a production organisation

approval declaration;

2

Records secured amid the examination, in which the exercises and the last

aftereffects of the components characterized in point 21.B.220 are expressed,

incorporating discoveries made as per point 21.B.225

3 The proceeded with observation project, including records of examinations

performed

4 The production organisation approval testament, including changes

5 Minutes of the gatherings with the holder of the production organisation

approval

Table 4.4 Records

The records might be documented for a base maintenance time of six years [1].

Figure 4.2 Basic Timeframe

24 11

5. POA CERTIFICATE SAMPLE

EASA FORM 55

25 11

Figure 5.2 Easa Form 55

26 11

6. CONCLUSION

In this study, we have mentioned generally about two competent authorities called

FAA and EASA. Then we have touched to the definition of airworthiness and talked

about why it is important. After that we have introduced the term initial

airworthiness and we explained the connections of EASA Part 21. Then we have

clarified the Part 21 structure and initiated the Part 21G Production Organisation

Approval. For this subpart, there are two sections called section A and section B and

their meanings that, requirements for holder of application and procedures for

competent authorities. After that, we have explained the details of requirements and

procedures must be followed by the applicants and authorities respectively. We have

been witnessed to the all steps related to the production organisation approval. I hope

this study will be auxiliary for whom needs a comprehensive informations about

Production Organisation Approval.

27

28

REFERENCES

[1] EASA. (2012, 01 13). Production Organisation Approval. 05 13, 2015 European

Aviation Safety Agency: retrieved from http://easa.europa.eu/easa-and-you/aviation-

domain/aircraft-products/production-organisations-approvals

[2] ECAC. (2013). Security. 05 13, 2015 European Civil Aviation Conference: retrieved

from https://www.ecac-ceac.org//activities/security

[3] FAA. (2013). Certification. 05 13, 2015 Federal Aviation Administration: retrieved from

http://www.faa.gov/aircraft/air_cert/airworthiness_certification/

[4] ICAO. (2015). Safety. 05 13, 2015 International Civil Aviation Organization:retrieved

from

http://www.icao.int/safety/airnavigation/NationalityMarks/annexes_booklet_en.pdf

[5] Şahin, B. (2014). Part 21 Education. İstanbul: Turkish technic.