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RADARRADARRRAAdio dio DDetection etection AAnd nd RRanginganging
Radar observables:•Target range•Target angles (azimuth &
elevation)•Target size (radar cross
section)•Target speed (Doppler)•Target features(imaging)
DATA FLOW IN A TYPICAL MILITARY RADAR SYSTEM
Detection Using MTI processor and PPI Display
Automatic Target Tracking
Using joystick controlled marker
Identification By using the IFF Interrogator
Reporting to External Terminal Equipment PPI DISPLAY >
Target track data sent TDR of weapon system
• IFF Alarm
It alerts to operator that IFF code has to be changed
Data flow-weapon systemData flow-weapon systemTARGET DECODINGTARGET DECODING Receive & Decode Receive & Decode
PARALLAX CORRECTIONPARALLAX CORRECTION: x-y to pollar coordinates: x-y to pollar coordinates
THREAT EVALUATIONTHREAT EVALUATION: Display azimuthal angle of : Display azimuthal angle of threatning targetsthreatning targets
RADARS-- INDIARADARS-- INDIAIn India, the work on radar for the Armed Forces started during 1967-68 in Electronics In India, the work on radar for the Armed Forces started during 1967-68 in Electronics and Radar Development Establishment (LRDE), a premier establishment of Defence and Radar Development Establishment (LRDE), a premier establishment of Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), in BANGALORE.Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), in BANGALORE.
3D surveillance radar for air force3D surveillance radar for air force
Battlefield Surveillance Radar (BFSR) 3D low-level lightweight radar Battlefield Surveillance Radar (BFSR) 3D low-level lightweight radar systemsystem
RADARS - INDIARADARS - INDIA
XtraVision (XV)-20043D surveillance radar onboard INS Dunagiri
Low-level lightweight radar system
INDIAN DEFENSE RADARSINDIAN DEFENSE RADARS
Modifications to Fire Control Radar AA No 3 Mk7Modifications to Fire Control Radar AA No 3 Mk7
Development of S-1000 Mk I radar based on CSF radarER370Development of S-1000 Mk I radar based on CSF radarER370
FAX Mk I radar for locating mortars and guns for artilleryFAX Mk I radar for locating mortars and guns for artillery
Battlefield Surveillance Radar (BFSR) for detectingBattlefield Surveillance Radar (BFSR) for detecting
moving men and vehiclesmoving men and vehicles
Indian Doppler Radar-I and II ,Phased Array Radar,Indian Doppler Radar-I and II ,Phased Array Radar,
Weapon Locating Radar (WLR), BFSR-SR, 3D-CentralWeapon Locating Radar (WLR), BFSR-SR, 3D-Central
Acquisition Radar (CAR), 3D Surveillance Radar for AirAcquisition Radar (CAR), 3D Surveillance Radar for Air
Force and Navy, 3D-Tactical Control Radar (TCR), LowlevelForce and Navy, 3D-Tactical Control Radar (TCR), Lowlevel
Lightweight Radar (LLLR), 3D LLLRLightweight Radar (LLLR), 3D LLLR
MILITARY APPLICATIONSMILITARY APPLICATIONSRadar is used for the multiple target detection.Radar is used for the multiple target detection.
Radar is used to direct the weapon to an intercept.Radar is used to direct the weapon to an intercept.
High-resolution imaging radars are used to detect fixed or moving High-resolution imaging radars are used to detect fixed or moving
targets in the battlefield.targets in the battlefield.
Radar is used for the guidance of the missile systems.Radar is used for the guidance of the missile systems.
Aiming guns at aircraft and ships. Bombing ships, aircraft or cities Aiming guns at aircraft and ships. Bombing ships, aircraft or cities
even during overcast or at night.even during overcast or at night.
Early warning regarding approaching aircraft or ships.Early warning regarding approaching aircraft or ships.
Searching for submarines, land masses and buoys.Searching for submarines, land masses and buoys.
CONCLUSION:Military radars are one of the most important requirements during the wartime, which can be used for early detection of ballistic missile and also for accurate target detection and firing. Radar system discussed here has a built in threat evaluation program which automatically puts the target in a threat sequence, and advises the weapon crew which target can be engaged first.Military reliance on radar system is essential & forever !
REFERENCES:1) Skolnik ‘Introduction to Radar Systems’ McGraw Hill2)Thomas, Daniel, Signal/Data Processing. Radar 101 Lecture Series . Syracuse Research Corporation, Syracuse. 6 Nov. 2001.3)Radar Detection of Landmines – Dr Y Yerima – A Paper Presented at the Faculty of Engineering Seminar, NDA May 2004.4)Schuman, Harvey, Antennas. Radar 101 Lecture Series. SyracuseResearch Corporation, Syracuse.5)Radar Principles, United States Navy Electrical Engineering Training Series.6)Microwave & Radar Engineering, by M. Kulkarni.