Scope of Textile Composite

Scope of Textile Composite in Aerospace, Automotive, and Energy.

Md. Enamul Haque Batch – 2K12

ID - 1221006

Department of Textile Engineering

Khulna University of Engineering and Technology(KUET)

Scope of Textile Composite in Aerospace

Textile CompositeA composite is commonly defined as a combination of two or more distinct materials, each of which retains its own distinctive properties, to create a new material with properties that cannot be achieved by any of the components acting alone.


Area of Applications

Based on the applications, textiles composite used in Aerospace are broadly divided into• Aircraft Textiles• Space Textiles


Aircraft Textiles The development of light-weight, high-temperature resistant composite materials will allow the next generation of high-performance, economical aircraft designs to materialize. Usage of such materials will reduce fuel consumption, improve efficiency and reduce direct operating costs of aircrafts.


Satellite:Satellite payload includes various equipment units. The housings of these units have been traditionally made of aluminum. • Composite materials have the potential to fulfill the multiple

performance requirements set for the housings. • A composite design can be lighter and thermo-mechanically

compatible to the primary structure of the satellite, which is often carbon composite now a days.


Helicopter:Composite materials can be formed into various shapes and the fibers can be wound tightly to increase strength. A useful feature of composites is that they can be layered, with the fibers in each layer running in a different direction. This allows an engineer to design structures with unique properties. For this reason the composite fiber is being used to make the better body structure of helicopter.


Space TextilesThe clothing used in space crafts is generally called space suits. When the astronauts leave the surface of earth and travel into the space, they must be ready to meet the environment available there. Hence, there is a need for a system to determine, detect and prevent certain level of radiations, pressures and temperatures encountered by the astronauts to keep him alive in that environment. Such a system is a space suit. A space suit is a complex system of equipment, specially designed to protect and keep a person comfortable in the rough environment of outer space.


Extra Vehicular Mobility Unit (EMU):

It consists of 14 layers of structures to perform random functions such as thermal resistant, vapour absorbing and impact resistant layers.• The inner layers of the suit do activities like cooling and ventilation. • An EMU consists of wide operations in it like; drink bag, communication

systems, TV camera and lights.• EMU is made by the composite fiber.


G- Suit:

Tightly fitting trousers worn by aviators to control the blood circulation at higher level of acceleration. It is to reduce blood flow to lower side of human body under the influence of acceleration or deceleration.For this reason G - suit is being used by the aviators which is made by the composite fiber.


Parachute:• It is effectively contributing in aerospace motion for men and materials.• Parachutes help the safe decent of person or material from aerospace to ground

surface.• Generally, a parachute composes of thin lightweight fabric, supporting tapes and

suspension lines.• Nylon, polyester, Kevlar and Nomex fiber types are used in fabric for parachute.

Flexibility and weather resistance


Benefits of using composite in Aerospace

• Lighter in weight.• Flexible in handling.• Soft in touch.• Comparable in strength with metal.• Modifiable in size and shape.• Thermal insulated and thermal resistant• High-temperature resistant.


Shortcoming challenge

Virtual Microscopy:Our experience suggests that a virtual slide can be created manually, but will require many hours of technical hands-on time. However, if only a small area of the specimen is selected, the time and effort required will be proportionately less. Images taken from small areas of the slide that show classic lesions can be selected. These limited sections in a glass slide can be easily digitized, and the captured images stitched together manually.


• Repair and recycling of carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRPs) remain considerable challenges for the future

• Professor Ajit Kelkar, chairman of the Nanoengineering Department at the Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering in North Carolina says that in the future most commercial aircraft will be made mainly from CFRP composites and Kelkar believes civil aviation manufacturing usage will grow more than 300 per cent over today.


Scope of improvement in aerospace

By using composite fiber the cost of the material decreases, the strength increases, weight of the materials decrease. So in the aerospace sector a revolutionary change can be brought. A device that can act like muscle and nerves that can be invent by using composite fiber.

Scope of Textile Composite in Automotive


Composites have long been used in autos and trucks, primarily under the hood and in interiors. High-performance have used carbon fiber for many years. Now new high-speed manufacturing technology is allowing carbon fiber to move into production vehicles.


Marine:

• Shafting Overwraps• Life rails, Handrails• Masts, Stacks & Foundations• Stanchions• Propellers vanes, Fans & Blowers• Gear cases• Valves & Strainers• Condenser shells


Bicycles:

• Forks• Handle bars & Connecting bar ends• Seat posts


Automobiles:

• Pultruded Driveshaft• RTM Panel• Fiber Glass/Epoxy Springs for Heavy Trucks and Trailers• Rocker Arm Covers, Suspension Arms, Wheels and Engine Shrouds• Filament-Wound Fuel Tanks• Electrical Vehicle Body Components and Assembly Units• Valve Guides• Automotive Racing Brakes & Train Brakes• Clutch Plates


Benefits of using composite in Automotive

• Lightweight• Cost• Safety, crashworthiness• Crashworthiness tests• Recycling and life cycle considerations • Corrosion resistance• High-impact strength


• Design flexibility• Part consolidation• Dimensional stability• Nonconductive• Nonmagnetic• Composites enjoy reduced life cycle cost compared to metals• Composites are less noisy while in operation and provide lower vibration

transmission than metals• Tensile strength of composites is four to six times greater than that of steel or

aluminium.



Today, a major challenge relating to automotive composite design is the unavailability of simulation tools and a general lack of composite material characterization. The main challenges are-• The computational time required to model composite structures and components.• Manufacturing is an issue for composites in the automotive sector when the high

production volumes required.


• The development of nano cellulose is being driven by the wood industry worldwide due to the excellent stiffness properties of cellulose and may provide an entirely new class of composite in the future.

• Major challenges associated with dispersion and pre-treatment of the nano cellulose in its polymer and ensuring adhesion may be well rewarded with a flexibly manufactured material with good environmental characteristics.


Scope of improvement in automotive

• Decreasing the cost of the raw materials• Reducing the lack of suitable manufacturing processes• Improved torsional stiffness and impact properties• Improved appearance with smooth surfaces and readily incorporable

integral decorative melamine are other characteristics of composites• Other aspects that have to be considered are tooling costs, scrap

production and cycle time.

Scope of Textile Composite in Energy


• Construction of wind turbines.• The production of blades and other important structural elements for

the wind energy sector• Supercapacitors• Solar cell applications• Lithium oxygen batteries


• Coupling of a wind energy converter• Musical instrument• Medical implants such as artificial joints and organ, electronics etc.• Thermoelectric cable• Organic photovoltaic (PV) cells,• Woven thermoelectric generators


Benefits of using composite in Energy

• Strength: Fine ceramic fiber composites provide increased specific strength over monolithic materials as a result of the fiber load sharing mechanism.• Conformability: Actuators, sensors and energy harvesters can be produced in a variety of shapes inexpensively.• High Performance: Piezoelectric Fiber Composites have higher performance than planar monolithic piezoceramics.


• Flexible: Gain additional design flexibility and ability to create complex motion. The orthotropic nature of the unidirectional fibers and interdigital electrode permits effective design of modal generators and sensors.• Cost Effective: In volume, PFCs are inexpensive to fabricate.• User Defined: Shapes and frequencies can be modified to meet specific needs.• Robust: Highly damage tolerant.



Future challenges for materials in the field of wind turbines are presented, with a focus on thermoplastic composites, new structural materials concepts, new structural design aspects, structural health monitoring, and the coming trends and markets for wind energy.In rotor blades the challenge for the designers is thus to go beyond the simple plank and integrate the aerodynamic shape, the tapering and the twist, into a design of the blade structure that is optimized with respect to materials selection and cost-effective production.


Scope of improvement in energy

• Increasing the strength of composite materials• Decreasing the cost of composite materials• Composite materials should have high performance• The durability and high lifetime of composite materials can be ensured• Composite materials should have very high stiffness, fatigue damage and

environmental loading resistance.For this, the advanced composites should be developed, improved and utilized in wind energy.

Thanks To All